جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اقتصاد سیاسی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The book “Usule elme servate melal ya’ni economiypolitik” (Principles of the Wealth of Nations, Namely Économie Politique), translated by Mohammad Ali Foroughi, known as Zoka-ul-Molk (the second), is the first scientific book in the field of economics in Iran. As a result, after its republication in recent decades, it has received more attention and reflection from an economic perspective. However, its political implications have been overlooked, especially considering that this work was published in the discursive conflict of the constitutional era. The present article seeks to revisit the book in question by employing Michel Foucault's ideas regarding the relationship between political economy and governmentality from a historical sociological perspective. It aims to analyze the book's political implications and address the question of whether the translation and publication of this work can be considered evidence of the formation of an "economic-political discourse" in Iran. After examining the main themes of the book and its implications for politics and governance, the article responds to the aforementioned question by stating that although Paul Beauregard wrote the book “Économie Politique” within the "discourse of political economy" in France, Mohammad Ali Foroughi translated it in Iran during the dominance of the "legal discourse" of the constitutional era. Therefore, the translation and publication of this book cannot be regarded as an example of an "economic-political discourse" in Iran.

The primary focus of this paper is a comparison of the rights of children in two privileged and impoverished regions of Kermanshah in relation to the metropolis. We argue that the enjoyment of the right to the city extends beyond physical infrastructure and spatial boundaries, contingent upon the macroeconomic dynamics of the political economy of the community. The article’s theoretical framework employs an analogy to establish the definition of childhood, which is predicated on these connections and the incorporation of the elements comprising the right to the city of children.This is a critical research method that reveals the concealed implications of data by rereading them through the lens of economic and political relations. Field observation was employed to gather data at the locations of the two regions being compared.The study’s findings reveal a statistically significant distinction between the two districts with regard to the physical and spatial aspects of the children’s civic right. District 1 contains 12 parks catering to children, encompassing a total area of 134,000 square meters and featuring 94 recreational equipments. District 7 comprises a total of six parks, each spanning 56,000 square meters and featuring 31 playground equipments. District 7 contains a single private amusement facility, compared to four in District 1. District 1 contains 91 private institutions, while District 7 contains 17.The research findings indicate that while there are variations in the provision of entertainment, games, education, and food, addressing this inequality goes beyond physical and spatial constraints. Reducing societal inequ

The process of globalization has created many challenges for countries. Small countries, meanwhile, face more challenges, because they are more influential and vulnerable communities. Researchers have published various articles and books about this issue and have tried to explain the situation of countries in the process of globalization, and their actions to resolve the problems and challenges of globalization. With this approach, the author of the book "The Gulf States in International Political Economy" has tried to explain the position of the GCC members in the international economy in the era of globalization. This book examines and analyzes the actions of small countries in the Persian Gulf to adapt to globalization and global conditions. In this article, with a critical review of this book, we have tried to examine and introduce its strengths and weaknesses. This study shows that the author of the book has provided valuable analysis of the policies and actions of the small the Persian Gulf countries to improve their position in the international economy. But, at the same time, the book has numerous formal and content weaknesses, especially its translated text.

The present article, focusing on one of the most important areas of production and reproduction of inequality and inferiority, namely labor relations, seeks to examine the conflict and rivalry of intellectual and social currents. The study of these currents from the perspective of their analysis and prescriptions on recent trends and processes of labor relations in Iran, i.e. the temporalization of labor, requires drawing the ratio of government, society, and market from the perspective of those currents. After drawing the most important features and coordinates these intellectual currents, based on the concept of development, the gaps are expressed. Despite the obvious differences and confrontations between these currents on the issue of labor and employment relations, both lack a developmental perspective and therefore are weak or lacking in both the role of government in development and the importance of the human factor for development. As a result, they either reject the government or the market.

The concept of neoliberalism has shaken the world of critical social sciences. The emergence of a global cause for creating an anti-neoliberal front has reinforced the notion that the neoliberal juggernaut is about to annihilate all contextual and institutional differences. Through a detailed use of four critical approaches to the Iranian political economy, this study examines the capacities of the aforementioned global account of neoliberalism to explain the complexities of triangular employment. According to the results, the triangular employment in Iran is unequivocally market-oriented, but the seemingly aloof stance of the state is of more analytical value in this case. Here the Iranian state uses the element of free-market to play the role of a party who could enjoy the inexpensive services of "Sherkati-ha" while remains unaccountable about their neglected rights and inadequate compensations. Hence, the global hegemony of neoliberalism is partially relevant in the case of "Sherkati-ha”. Yet, it is the state that not only keeps the macro-power of policy-making in modalities of precarious employment but also saves financial resources to keep its parasitic networks of waste and rent-seeking alive.

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the book entitled” Fundamentals of Political Economy”, which is presented from a Marxist point of view. The method of study is documentary and analytical. The result of the study is that the views of the work are criticized in terms of the production of material wealth, income distribution due to the ownership of the means of production, historical materialism, mode and relation of production, views on the laws of society, primitive man, language, labor theory of value, embodied labor, socially necessary labor time, money as a measure of value, surplus value, capitalist society, capital as the social relation of production, surplus labor, the fundamental contradiction of the capitalist system, the accumulation of capital and the deterioration of the conditions of workers and the industrial reserve army, land rent and large-scale production.

The border areas of Kurdistan in recent years have witnessed the emergence of a new phenomenon called porterage (kulbery), which is one of the false and dangerous jobs of the country. Baneh city is one of the poor border areas of Kurdistan province in which the porterage job can be seen. Job opportunities in this city are very limited. Although Iran suffers from unemployment, statistics show that in the Kurdish provinces of the country, the unemployment rate is high, and as a result, the economic and social indicators are not in a good condition.

The methodological model of this research was based on the methodology of the data-based theory. The approach of this study was qualitative and basic theory was used to analyze the data. The participants of this research were people who work porterage in Baneh city. Participants were selected by the purposive sampling method and using the snowball technique. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were also used to collect information.

The main themes (border political economy, survival risk, demolish of social exhaustion the occupation, self-alienation, legitimation, and family dissatisfaction) and a core category (high-risk political economy) to express the attitude of people who do this job in Baneh in relation to the concept of porterage were extracted from the data. The data were finally depicted in the form of a basic model. According to the information obtained from interviews conducted (formal and informal), the Kulbery was an inevitable reaction and strategy of these people to unsatisfactory conditions of the city in terms of geography, economy, and political dominance in the area. In fact, the unfavorable living conditions in the region is one of the causes of the occurrence and continuation of the kulbery. According to the paradigm of the study, it can be said that the phenomenon of cross-border trade in its current state is a social structure and as a historical and basic matter, the result of reactions and interactions of native people to the opportunities and limitations of geographical, economic, and political conditions. The final result of the study showed that the porterage participating in the study, by interpreting themselves, understood the effective areas in the emergence of the porterage, and expressed concern about it and its adverse consequences. They believed that the borders and algebraic conditions of the region caused the city to be underdeveloped. Rigi (2016) confirmed the results of the study. His research showed that borders, with their special conditions, lead to the phenomenon of underdevelopment, and underdevelopment leads to issues such as contraband and porterage. Kolberi also leads to social inequalities. The study of Amirpour et al. (2012) also confirmed the effect of unemployment and livelihood problems on the formation of porterage. Their results showed that the lack of investment by the government and the private sector was one of the effective causes of creating kulbery. New job opportunities are not provided for the unemployed due to the lack of investment in this city. Based on the findings of the study, kulbars perceived their work as a phenomenon that has its own consequences. They considered their work to be a phenomenon that meets their livelihood needs on the one hand and brings them many unpleasant consequences on the other hand, which has made this phenomenon a challenge. The unjust distribution of facilities has led to the spread of the phenomenon of excessive marginalization in the city of Baneh. In fact, by examining the background and basis of the formation of Kolberi and its consequences, the authors of the present study have achieved a kind of risky political economy. A high-risk political economy means that a part of the local issues arisen in the border town of Baneh is rooted in financial issues and in itself depending on the performance of the country's political system. In fact, many of the dangers that lurk in kulbars are rooted in economic issues, and economic issues depend on government policies in the region.

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The book Economy Politics and the Philosophy of Government written by Simonde De Sismondi is published in a book entitled "New Principles of Political Economy: of Wealth in Its Relation to Population". He is considered one of the first critics of the classical school of political economy. Many experts hold that he failed to express complete views on generalizing and creating economic and social security due to the weakness of economic information, his studies and knowledge of economic issues are little, and his theories mostly arise from emotional aspects. Thus, publishing such a book can be of historical value only for familiarity with how economic scientific literature has entered Iran and knowing our economic knowledge level at that time.

  In recent years, the data and objective conditions indicate Iran's entry into a new era of environmental crises, especially in the water. According to United Nations indicators, Iran currently has a severe water crisis, because about 69% of the total annual renewable water used in the country .Also, according to statement political officials, if the water crisis Continuity, about 50 million people will be forced to migrate in Iran in the next 25 years, and the east and south of the country will be actually empty. Meanwhile, the eastern part of Isfahan is one of the areas that, despite the seriousness of the water crisis in it, has been less an issue of independent research. This research gap is that firstly, dehydration has led to unrest in the region at least in two periods, 2012 and 2017 respectively. Secondly, the three cities studied in this research, namely, Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh are very important cities in the east of Isfahan. Thirdly, these three cities are Zayande rood legal and historic lords due to their occupation. Accordingly, the research seeks to understand the meaning of Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh farmers on the water crisis with the Emic approach and using the method of Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin's theoretical approach, namely Grounded Theory. The questions of this research are: What causes or causes of water crisis from the perspective of the farmers of Ziar, Eziyeh and Varzaneh? What are the strategies of these farmers in confronting the water crisis? Finally, what are the consequences of the water crisis for farmers Ziar, Eziyeh and Varzaneh?

In this research, qualitative research method has been used. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 farmers from Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh in eastern Isfahan in order to understand the participants' mental world. Sampling was done using purposeful sampling method and theoretical sampling was used to collect data. The sample size and data computation method are of theoretical saturation type. In our study, after 7 interviews, theoretical saturation was achieved, but to ensure more interviews were continued to 17 cases. In this research, simultaneously with the interviews, data coding began and then analyzed using the grounded theory. The data encryption consists of three steps: open coding, central coding, and selective coding. The method of validating the grounded theory is through "accreditation by members", "analytical comparison" and "audit technique".
In the present study, in the "open coding" stage, 35 initial concepts were extracted, then by central coding we transform them into abstract concepts in the form of 16 main categories. In the "selective coding" stage, according to the categories obtained, a "core category" was extracted which is considered to be the core of the research. This categories include: Unstable Development, Semi-Finished Project, Lack of National Approach, Lack of Law, The Weakness Political Authority, Economic Monopolies, Changing Climatic Conditions, Urban Migration, Political and Social Frustration, Negotiating with the Government, Rebellion, Increase in Poverty, Increasing Unproductive Businesses, Alternative Economic Strategies, Increasing the cleavage of Nation-State and Security Challenges.
In this study, "bad governance of water" as a core category of the contextual data was extracted. According to this category, the farmers of Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh understand and interpret the changes that have been made in their lives, or water crisis as a phenomenon associated with the mismanagement of water. Issues such as unsustainable development, semi-integrated water development projects, lack of nationalism and lack of law, and the weakness of political authority all fall under water mismanagement or bad governance of water. Theoretically one of the finest analyzes in the field of economic governance of natural resources, including water, is the discussion of the political economist Elinor Ostrom. She showed how natural resources can be well managed from the groups they use and not the state. This view points out that local institutions are more effective elements in managing common natural resources. From this theoretical view, the study of Zayande rood water basin also shows that during the centuries, local exploiters of Zayande Rood River have been able to manage the sustainable management of this source based on the Sheikh Bahaei Scroll. However, the basin was gradually subjected to a state-owned regime, and thus, in addition to violate of the historic and legal rights, part of the Zayanderud was owned by the state. In this process, the Sheikh Bahaei Scroll, which was once the basis of the actions of the farmers and the sovereignty, was gradually abandoned and has become the place of conflict between the farmer and the state.
Finally we try to provide paradigm research model. Based on the research findings, the water crisis in eastern Isfahan is classified into three categories: causal, contextual and effective. Casual Conditions include Unstable Development, Contextual Conditions include lack of law, the weakness of political authority and changing climatic of conditions, Effective Conditions include Semi-Finished Project and Lack of National Approach. Also in this research the Process and Interactional are Urban Migration, Alternative Economic Strategies, Negotiating with the Government, Political and Social Frustration and Rebellion. And finally, Consequential include Increase in Poverty, Increasing Unproductive Businesses, Economic Monopolies, Widening the Cleavage of Nation-State and Security Challenges.

In this research, based on the paradigm model, the bad water Governance as the core category and the final answer to the research questions have been extracted. According to this category, the farmers of Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh understand the water crisis as a phenomenon that is directly linked to the mismanagement of water by the government. In fact, the government has been seen as the main culprit for the water crisis by society, which has been the exclusive agent for water governance. This teaches us that collective action in material and economic life requires attention to the various institutional arrangements governing these actions. In the form of these actions, the state must have a fundamental understanding that it is only one of the institutions associated with material life and not only an exclusive entity in this field. But the government in Iran has shown that it has not done so in the Zayande rood Basin, and that is why it is known by the social structure to blame for the water crisis. Therefore, due to such an understanding in social structure, it is necessary for the government to provide a contextual platform for the perceptual gap to be adjusted. If this gap is wider and more active than before, it can further expand the cleavage between the government and the nation in Iran.

This study was planned to examine policy and performance of Islamic Republic of Iran based on good governance model (case study, Hashemi Rafsanjani 1989-1997).On this basis, author has explained good governance and also its indices in Hashemi Rafsanjani administration. In modern age, political, cultural, social and economic needs and necessities has been changed so that new form of relations took place among states and nations. In this new form, the state should be policy- maker and determine general policies and political act domain based on law framework. It should follow private sector as an example for its wealth producing and civil society facilitates interactions among society and state through general mobilization for participation in political, social and economic aspects. In this research, good governance model theory and its indices (participation, low authority, responsibility, efficiency and usefulness, justice and equity) will be explained. On the other hand, events of Hashemi Rafsanjani administration will be provided. Finally, it studies adaptability of good governance model indices to performance of Hashemi Rafsanjani administration. According to author, system of Islamic Republic of Iran has constitutional law and administration of Hashemi Rafsanjani as one of post-revolution administrations tried to follow this model, but its efforts had ups and downs because of some structural and administrative obstacles.

This research is titled "The Relationship between Political Economy and Media in Iran". The purpose of this research is to identify some factors affecting the coverage of news coverage in national media. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students in the field of publishing and publishing of the University of Applied Sciences in Tehran, which had a total of 935 students, of which 163 were used as sample size using a simple random sampling method. In this research, a researchermade questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of the study showed that there is a meaningful relationship between the preferences of specific beneficiaries and the media coverage framework. There is a meaningful relationship between government regulations and the media coverage framework. There is a meaningful relationship between the economic inequality with rich influence within the framework of news coverage of media policy. There is a meaningful relationship between the preferences of media directors and the media coverage framework.

Part of the goals of a resilient economy is interdisciplinary, that is, it requires the cooperation of various actors in the field of policy and bureaucracy. The evidence presented in this paper shows that one of the obstacles to realizing a resistance economy in Iran is the coordination failure which follows the issue of government failure in the public sector economics. This paper, while reviewing the theoretical framework of this phenomenon in conventional literature, points to two categories of coordination failure in Iran and its effects on long-term performance indicators. Failure to implement industrial development policy, failure to improve productivity, failure to combat economic corruption, failure to manage foreign trade and imports, weakness in solving the problem of unauthorized credit institutions and lack of water governance are examples mentioned in this article. At the end, policy suggestions have been introduced to reduce the degree of coordination failures.

"Hegemony: a new form of global power" written by John Agnew and published in "Temple University" 2005. The importance of this book is to design a new theory on the issue of hegemony. After this, three theories exist on the issue of hegemony. Whatever made it different than other books, deconstruct concepts and a critical approach in the context of a new theory. This book has been theorized and processing fourth theory. The Foundation of Agnew’s theory versus the three previous, emphasizing the society Oriented of hegemony and the process of its formation.
But Agnew’s Pluralistic viewpoint to central issue of international political economy, that is Bring up by Realists as well, not free from criticism.Agnew so attacks government that the audience thinks government does not have any role in economy outside the scope of the community and the social forces. Based on this, how we can accept that hegemony establishment by the most powerful government in the second half of the twentieth century (USA) has been non-governmental process, no answer at the end of the book does not get.

A serious examination of water and crises related indicates that the past issues arising in water management are rooted in hasty decisions, reliance on non-expert advice and a flawed policy. Lake Urmia crisis is a grave issue which incited many national and international sensitivities and response. To address the crisis, the present study takes a grounded-theory approach and in-depth interview with West Azerbaijan Regional Water and Waste Water Co. Ltd. expert-officials. Purposive sampling helped achieve data saturation by interviewing 6 interviewees. Results concluded several possible causes contributing to the Lake Urmia crisis: absolute absence of land use planning, lending little or no importance to social and environmental impact assessment, legal loopholes on responsibility, commitment, and duties of water stakeholders, and absence of a transparent coordination and administrative procedures among different organizations involved. Lack of education for stakeholders including those in agriculture, lack of alternative cropping system, lack of sustainable livelihoods and subsidies on water are major grounds for crisis, with climate change and illicit practice of deepwater drilling of recent years having played also a role. The crisis has dire consequences for the region’s environment which includes but are not limited to severely shrinking plant and animal ecosystems and declining human habitats in present and the future. The study recommends strategies to prevent and alleviate the effects of crisis: introducing changes into cropping patterns, sealing illegal deepwater drilling wells, and a general policy on restricting public water use as reforms and interventions.

The Mongol invasion to Iran in fronted Iranian society & economy to series crisis and caused the economic depression for decades. Recognition of Muslim statesmen’s and thinker’s attitude and behavior in encounter to that time circumstance, While the depict their role in economic thought in that era cause the better understanding of social-economic structure of Ilkhanids era. This article with asking this main question which: what was the influence of the philosophical and esthetical approach of Nasir Al-Din tusi,on his economical thoughts, has this that the great philosopher and Thinker who lived in that Nasir Al-Din tusi, sentimental era, introduced his economical thought on moral element, economic justice and affection base. This essay to consider Ilkhanids era effects, survey recognition of Nasir Al-Din tusi;s economic thought. Nasir Al-Din tusi,on pay attention to justice, ethic and security express his economical thoughts.

In this research, the rural society, rural cinema, changing of governmental policies and political economy of post 1979-revolutiont governments have been compared with each other by social and holistic approaches. We also aimed to assess the relationship and interplay between these subjects.
For these purpose, we categorized mentioned years (from 1979 to 2009) in four periods according to ruling governments, and social conditions: (1) consolidation of sovereignty and the Iraq vs. Iran war, (2) construction, (3) reformation and (4) recreation of revolutionary discourse.
We found that the first period had the most realism and commitment to reality of everyday life, but had least attend on culture industry (such as stereotypes and naturopathy) in comparison to other periods. Because of government neoliberal policies and ideological hegemony of structural adjustment and political structure of society during the Construction period the majority of movies were propaganda and ideological. Furthermore commercial and festival aspects became more apparent in rural movies.
During reform period, with the exception of creating new social idea and superficial social criticism that were introduced, the rural cinema remained unchanged. In this time, naturopathic films that can be admired by foreign festivals became more important.
In the third period, quasi-governmental and ideological movies that structurally based on festival-admired movies with emphasis on naturopathy, mystical religiosity (in contrast with traditional religion) and stereotypical subjects such as kids or mental retardation human. So there is no consideration about social reality of rural.