جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Pahlavi II » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

This study aims to examine some critical moments in the history of the student movement during the second Pahlavi era to show how insisting on maintaining the protest worldview and turning intransigence into a political virtue can paradoxically provide room for reactionary forces to exploit revolutionary radicalism. This research used documentary study and Karl Marx's class analysis of the political forces active in France after the 1848 revolution. In some critical moments, student protests, contrary to expectations, instead of criticizing the ruling power and the dictatorship of the court, unwittingly rushed to its aid and, in practice, became supporters of the court and the king’s power. During the three prime ministerial periods of Ahmad Qawam, Mohammad Mossadegh, and Ali Amini, politicians who had the ability to revive the government’s power against the court came to power. However, the student protests weakened the power of these governments, and the court was able to remove these competitors from its way and establish its dictatorship more than before. One of the traumatic dimensions of political culture in contemporary Iran is the lack of attention to the tactical value of radicalism and its transformation into a fixed and unchanging policy at some historical moments. Recognizing the patterns and choices that have led to the closure of society to create an open political space should be subject to critical-historical reflection so that their repetition does not lead to the aggravation of political problems and sufferings.

The study of Iran-Russia relations is an issue that has been addressed in recent years, mainly politically, but it is necessary to pay attention to the cultural relations between the two countries, because in the course of relations between the two, cultural issues have not been separated from the political dimension. After the establishment of the Marxist system, the Soviet government's propaganda to present a different and revolutionary image of Russia led to the development of cultural contacts between the two countries. Meanwhile, Khorasan was one of the areas of these cultural exchanges. The present study, using the method of library studies and relying on authoritative archival sources and documents, aims to answer the question: What were the most important cultural activities of the Soviet Union in the first half of the 1320s in Khorasan province and what are the goals of cultural activities in Khorasan? The results of the research show that during the years 1320-1326 in Khorasan, Soviet agents tried to attract Iranians by performing various programs such as: holding celebrations, lectures, showing films, establishing associations and holding sports competitions, and with demonstrating the Soviet system as a service-oriented and well-intentioned state successfully, pave the way for wider Soviet cooperation and communication with Iran, and accept its illegitimate military presence in Khorasan Province. Soviet cultural activities in Khorasan were a development which, after the first stage of cultural activities, led to the continuation and development of comprehensive exchanges of governments in the following years.