جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "historiography" در نشریات گروه "علوم قرآن و حدیث"

Some non-Muslim writers and historians have researched the historiography of Islam without having sufficient knowledge, and due to their unfamiliarity with the foundations of this religion and lack of understanding of its philosophy and the nature of some of its issues, they have not reached an unbiased and reliable scientific result. In addition to these cases, it is necessary to add prejudice and the impact of the views of historians, which caused them to spread their previous mentalities to the subjects related to the researched religion and reach the desired result. This article examines Dequin's one-sided approach to a huge part of the sources of Islam, i.e. Islamic historiography, focusing on his views in the book the Beginning of Ali's Praise and the Emergence of Abbasid Worldview in a critical and analytical manner on the claims of It examines the validity of the tradition of Islamic historiography from the perspective of Dequin. The results of the research show that he has based his research on the invalidity of Islamic historiography and considers everything related to the history of Islam to lack validity, value and authenticity. The evidence claimed by Dequin to prove his point of view is questionable, and in some cases it is methodologically and analytically-historically contradictory.

Claude Gilliot, a professor at the University of Provence and senior editor of the Encyclopedia of the Quran, Leiden, is well-versed in the field of the history of exegesis and has authored numerous works. This present article evaluates Claude Gilliot’s perspectives in his article “The Beginning of Quranic Exegesis.” In this particular article, the author explores matters related to the period of the formation of Quranic exegesis and its scholarly phase. According to him, history and literature contribute to the solidity and scientific credibility of the interpreted knowledge. He delves into topics such as the commencement of exegesis from the perspectives of Muslims and Orientalists, the prohibition of interpretation, and the position of Ibn Abbas and the leading Islamic exegetes from the standpoint of Orientalists. This research attempts to analyze the content, methodology, and sources of the aforementioned article using a descriptive-analytical approach. This study demonstrates that due to intervening presuppositions, methodological flaws, and the reliability of sources, the author has encountered strategic errors in his works compared to other Orientalists.

The issue of Christians' belief in the divinity and goodness of Jesus (pbuh) - in the sense that they call this divine prophet God, the son of God, or the son of God - is one of the most important issues that commentators of the Holy Quran have tried to criticize. In this research, we intend to examine the evolution of the Qur'an commentators' opinions in addressing and criticizing this issue and show what changes have been made in the commentators' understanding of this historical concept. The results of the research show that the commentators of the early period only disproved this theory, and the commentators of the middle period, by emphasizing the explanation of the verses and without referring to the Christian religious sources, only limited themselves to the irrationality of this theory, but the commentators of the contemporary period, while carefully examining the sources of Christianity and talking with their scholars, they have tried to show the time and how to create this belief deviation in Christianity and express the reasons for its cancellation in a documented way.

The ascension of Shah Ismail Safavi (907-930 AH) and the establishment of the Safavid dynasty constitute one of the most significant events in Iranian history. Scholars of the Safavid era, particularly, have focused on this event, making it a pivotal aspect of Safavid historiography. The prevailing perspective shaping the reflection of this event in Safavid historiography is the presentation of a religious and doctrinal narrative. This approach, influenced by the religious outlook prevalent in Iranian historiography and the specific religious nature of the Safavids, underscores the use of Quranic verses as a central theme in Safavid historians' accounts of Shah Ismail's rise to power. The primary concern of this research is to investigate the role of Quranic verses in the Safavid historiographical narrative of Shah Ismail's ascension. The findings of the study indicate that the Quranic narrative of Safavid historians on Shah Ismail's rise is reflected in five components: legitimizing the rule, Quranic narrative of Ismail's victories, describing opponents, drawing parallels between Ismail's life and divine prophets, and ultimately justifying Ismail's often violent actions. Legitimizing the rule was the primary concern of Safavid historians and had two axes: legitimizing the entirety of Safavid rule and legitimizing the rule and actions of Shah Ismail. Safavid historians have endeavored to use Quranic verses in line with these objectives.

In the field of Qur'an interpretation, two general historical and non-historical approaches can be considered. Failure to pay attention to this separation and failure to pay attention to the type of approach (not method) causes serious misunderstandings regarding the conflict between the interpretation results of these two approaches. The duality of historical and non-historical interpretation is more than a duality that hinders pluralism; They are dual complementary. On the other hand, the analysis of historical memory, compared to historical reports, has double importance. Ignoring or underestimating historical memory and exaggerating historical reports can also cause problems in the analysis of the same historical reports. One of the prominent terms in Christian literature - which has also found its way into the literature of Qur'an interpretation - is the term Late Antiquity. Westerners' analysis and understanding of religious texts cannot be analyzed without paying attention to the historical memory in the West, especially in the late ancient times. What is observed in late antiquity and later in the Middle Ages; More than anything, it is the mood of war, looting and brutality.

The purpose of the present study is to review the legitimacy foundations of the Safavid dynasty in the historiographical references of this dynasty’s final century. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results indicate that the historians in the Safavid dynasty, in addition to reflecting political and intellectual events in that period and avoiding to present a merely political theory restricted to religious structure back then, were also attempting to justify the legitimacy of the Safavids and show that the government’s political framework was compatible with the religion of Islam. Combining religious themes with national symbols to legitimize the kingdom, the historian’s attention to Shi’ite genuine themes, and their relation to the political structure back then are quite common and evident in the works of this period. Therefore, giving legitimacy to the government and attempting to make it compatible with Shi’ite principles are among subjects which have attracted the attention of most of the historians.

The analysis of Islam and its teachings has a scientific appeal for Orientalists, and especially after the Islamic Revolution of Iran, attention to the teachings of Islam and Imamia grew to the point where some researchers equate the term "Oriental Studies" with "Islamic studies". Of course, the examination of religious teachings requires a method and a style that is called "methodology of religious studies". Eastern scholars seek to use these methods in the analysis of Mahdiism teachings, but in studies of the religion and especially the attitude towards the religious teachings of others, it is necessary to observe their accepted style and principles. In other words, a researcher is obliged to observe minimum standards in researching the teachings of others. The present paper aims to answer these questions with a descriptive-analytical data processing method first, what is the method of Islamic studies in the West? Second, what harm is there in the theories of Orientalists in some teachings of Mahdiism? The authors believe that due to the increase of Islamic studies and Imamiyah in the West, it is necessary to know the method of their studies, and by knowing the harms of the method in Western Islamic studies, it is easy to criticize the views of the Orientalists and then determine that what are the basic problems in analyzing the teachings of Imamiyah from their side? The findings suggest that most of the Orientalists have used the historiography method and their research suffers from damages such as "generalizing an event", "ignoring the validity of texts", " Taking teachings from other people's books", "not mastering the Arabic language", "confusion between Islam and the Muslim community" and "ignoring the rules of taking teachings from religious sources".

The science of history in the West has undergone many leaps since the nineteenth century. Over the years, history has removed many ambiguities, answered many questions and corrected many misconceptions. However, historiography and islamic historiography has not kept pace with these developments. This has led to a significant difference between the two when viewed from a Western and Islamic perspective. A clear example of this kind of difference can be seen in the presentation of historical issues in the interpretations of the Qur'an and the Qur'anic works of Orientalists. The present article tries with a critical approach to carefully consider the weaknesses and strengths of historiography and to point out the path that the interpretations of the Qur'an must take in order to be in line with the advances in the science of history. In this regard, the concern for the educational value of history and the avoidance of Israelis can be considered as two positive points of interpretations, which can be considered as the difference between the Islamic approach and the Western approach, but to improve the historiography of Qur'anic interpretations, some harms. Such as the existence of contradictory positions, the lack of balance between instructiveness and objectivism, the dominance of ideological attitudes in analysis, as well as the central character should be seriously considered.

The history of Islamic sects and denominations is one of the sciences that have been studied extensively in the present century. Farhad Daftari is one of the most successful scholars in the field of the study of Shiism and Ismailism, who has written many books in this regard. This research seeks to answer the question: "What model and method of historiography has Farhad Daftari used in studying the history of Ismailism?" To answer this question, we carefully and methodically examined his works, including books, articles, interviews, etc. Findings indicate that Daftari has used descriptive, analytical, and comparative historiography methods in his studies. Since this is the first time such a study has been conducted, it is superior to other studies on Ismailism, and its results will be useful and instructive for students and researchers in the field of methodology of Ismaili studies. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and data has been collected through scientific documents and library resources.

This article explores the relationship between history and media while providing as clear a definition as possible. The author’s purpose in this analysis is to discuss the harms that come from the confusion of the functions of history and the mass media that draws on the knowledge of history. In other words, the purpose of this article is to explain the threats that the mass media pose to the historical understanding of the people of a society. The research method is descriptive-analytical and uses library data. The author has tried to explain his reflections as a history student on the dimensions of this issue. The importance of this debate stems from the situation that the mass media has created today for history knowledge through historizing. By distinguishing between the two concepts of historiography and historizing, this article explains the opportunities that the mass media has provided to foster historizing. It will be concluded that: when the mass media enters into a historical subject, historiographical conditions do notaries. With its profound interventions in the system of history, the media system will create a kind of unbalanced historiography.

Talking about the immortality of the message of the Qur'an, while adapting to the historical conditions of the age of revelation, has a special place for contemporary scholars. Accordingly, the views and approaches of modern thinkers have become a point of contention between Muslim and non-Muslim thinkers. In the meantime, Fazl-ur-Rehman is a philosopher and modernist who, relying on the sciences of Islamic philosophy, jurisprudence and theology, has sought to resolve the conflict between Islam and the effectiveness of the Qur'an with the modern world. The main themes of the Qur'an, which is devoted to the report of the themes of the Qur'an with a holistic approach with a new look, without mentioning the classical interpretations, used the Qur'an itself to understand the Qur'an and thus showed the main spirit of the Qur'an "Qur'anic ethics". Is. Therefore, it can be said that Fadl al-Rahman's method in understanding the verses is to pay attention to the historical context of the revelation of the verse and its coherent message. The present study seeks to answer the question through descriptive-analytical that what are the principles of Fazl-ur-Rehman in expressing some of his doctrinal and jurisprudential views in this book? In order to answer this question, the achievements of this research have been studied and explained in four bases: historicalism, ethicism, modernism and objectivism.

The historiography of the Qur'an is considered a suitable criterion and tool for correcting or confirming many narrations,the causes of revelation,the order of revelation,Mecca and civilization, and the history of the ProphetThe following article, with an analytical and descriptive method and with the aim of getting acquainted with the correct and effective principles and criteria of the history of the Holy Quran,examines the dating methods of the commentators so that the solutions and possibility of writing new interpretations can be examined based on the order of revelation. Explaining the benefits of related items,he made an effort: The authenticity of the narrations of revelation,such as Jalaluddin Farsi;The originality of statistical and mathematical estimates, such as Bazargan Engineer; The original originality of the context, such as the dignity of the lesson; How to identify historical contexts, such as Dr. Faraskhah and Samih NazalThe ijtihad method of summarizing history and context in identifying the cause of revelation, such as Dr. Abed alJabri and Mullah Hash AlGhazi;The result of this research is that these theories alone cannot suggest a comprehensive method for dating the history of the Holy Qur'an. The selected focus is on this ijtihad-based combination process which can complete the path to the future of Quranic studies and cognition by completing Rajali's studies,tactics,and history in terms of statistical and mathematical probabilities.

Along with political, cultural and social history, Islamic historiography has also paid attention to the economic and financial aspects of the Islamic government. In economic historiography, several issues such as khums (one-fifth of the income), zakat, jizyah, kharāj tax, and the like have been proposed. Kharāj tax was one of the most important revenues of the Islamic states, which, especially after the beginning of the conquests, attracted the caliphs' attention and the agents of the caliphate and, of course, the histographs. Besides the historical issues, the jurisprudential and financial issues have also been considered in tax collections. Using the analysis of historical data and tax books, this study tries to examine the historical framework of tax collectors in the first quarter of the first century AH to show what contributions have Shiites made in writing such works. Seemingly, due to the domination of Buyid dynasty over the Islamic caliphate territories, the peak of Shiite taxation was in the fourth century AH. For their presence in the court of Buyid dynasty, the Shiites had written Kharāj books based on the jurisprudential needs.

Relating the events and king's life events with different techniques was one of the popular traditions of historiography in Iran. To have an understanding of the history, historiography and studying history in different periods, there is no way but to get advantage of such works. The book Ālam Ārae Shāh Tahmāsb written by Hosseini Marashi Tabrizihas recorded the events of Shāh Tasmāb's period from 930 to 981. With respect to the significance of this book in historical studies of the Safavid Period, namely in shiitism investigation which had been a popular phenomenon of this period, this research is to investigate and to analyze the historiographical and historical studies of this book by Hosseini Marashi Tabrizi, an author whose Shiite approach is evident. The authors have used descriptive-analytical method. The main question of this research is that what has been the effect of shiitism as a popular tendency on the study and historiography as done by Hosseini Marashi Tabrizi in his book of Ālam Ārae Shāh Tahmāsb? The findings of the study prove that although this work is a narrative one, factors such as Shiite as the dominant religion, the author's viewpoints and his impressibility from shiitism have been influential in historiography an historical studies. Therefore, factors such as legitimatizing the Safavi King, the religious attitude of the writer to history, sacred daydreaming, religious interpretation, exaggerative attitude and determinism, using Shiite literature and words taken from Shiite beliefs, and repeating the Shiite Imams' names all prove that the author has been influenced by Shiite belief as the dominant religion of that period.

The purpose of the study is examining the typology of Hadiths with the function of historiography in Majma' al-Bayan. The model used in this article is the Methodology-based Typology. Methodology-based Typology in the field of Qur'anic interpretation is a model that classifies and analyzes three types of Hadith scholars’ approaches, i.e. relationalist, functionalist and structuralist. In this paper, this kind of typology has a descriptive-analytical approach to functional typology in Hadith. Accordingly, three categories of narration, including the narrations of the Sura-revelation- based, the narrations of the Sura-cause-based (the atmosphere of the revelation of Sura), and the narratives narrating the details of the tales (Qasas) and stories of the prophets and ancient tribes, are categorized and analyzed as the historiographical function of Hadith. The results of this study show that the narrative-revelation- based and most of the narrative-cause-based contain information about historical events or events that were important in the formation of post-Islamic history. Also narratives narrating details of the Qasas, include three hundred and eight narratives, which according to its historiographical function, can be categorized in nine different types. According to the findings of the study, it can be said that historiographical Hadiths are an essential prerequisite for explanation of Qur’anic verses and have an explanatory-interpretive role in the interpretation of history-bounded Qur'anic verses.

Islamic historiography is the product of the Muslim general effort that has started from the very first centuries and has grown with different tendencies, approaches and practices. Meanwhile, the companions of the Imams (AS) played a significant role. The companions of Imam Hadi (AS) also from different ethnic groups and tribes and with different intellectual tendencies dedicated to historiography in different branches and levels and focused on the founding, development, and continuation of their predecessor's movements. The present study examines the attitude and writing of these historians with a scientific-analytical approach. Using the historical method and comparing the works, and based on the available sources and documents, it has examined their position and role in terms of their intellectual and writing patterns and the micro-subjects of the historiography. Finally, with a mixture of narrative description and rational analysis, it has been found that they have continued the movement of historiography, regardless of tribal or regional thinking, and even receiving orders from Imam Hadi (AS). And in few cases they could have founding or developing role. Most of these works have been forgotten over time due to lack of innovation, lack of recognition in Islamic society, and lack of accountability to scientific and sectarian needs

Establishing Safavid dynasty privileged many incidents including legitimacy of Shiite religion. Governments need some kind of rights among their people to rule a country. In Iran for legitimizing, governance and ruling people, the most vital factor is to establish some special kinds of rights to rule and govern. Reliance of Safavid kings on Shiism represents the need and requirement of acceptance of their ruling power on the basis of teachings and principles of Shiism. Shiite people truly believe in Imams’ guardianships in all cases such as “appearance or absence time” and “explicit or implicit governance”. The main purpose of the present study is to determine how Safavid kings accepted Imams’ governance during absence time and what was the status and principles of these kings? We tried to investigate historical discourses between those kings and religious elites in Safavid manuscripts. Historians -as ordinary members of society- and also as elites, government officials and writers. Historians are always under the control of their own physical environments including space, time, and their current situations to write the history. Findings of this study show that regarding existing historical disclosures with rising and falling of political powers and religious conditions in different eras, Safavid kings under the influence of promising thoughts supported Shiite Imams as representatives of Imam Asr (S.A.) and sometimes according to their fate and destiny considered themselves as holy selected elites by Allah. Their governance and ruling power are ever-lasting and ever-related to Imam Asr (S.A).

Join this chapter of the Quran, the knowledge that the exact or approximate date and the divine revelation of these units is discussed. Mohamed Azza Drwazeh in Al-Tafsir Al-Hadith , according to the interpretation of the historic nature of his effort in this case, using the Quran, in descending order lists and validity of the data. Convinced that his own principles of belief in Quranic sciences and historical topics obtained. Techniques in this quran applies to new results on the timing of events in the early history of Islam and how to achieve. Bottom of Form. His most important ways we can prioritize the use of resources under dating, sort of chapters based on the information they rely on historical turning points, according to the revelation of verses, according to Shariah rulings and carefully reflect on the course during the fall signs and similar sur classify and analyze.