جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اصالت فرد" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

Nowadays, human capital is considered as the most important asset for the development of institutions, organizations and firms. Researchers have found that the enhancement of individual authenticity is the base for socially improvement of spontaneous innovation, founding significant cultural progress and consequently influential industry, entrepreneurship and economy. Strengthening of human capital get obtained when individuals get enhanced spiritually. Indeed, virtue and moral ethics of the authentic individual is the most important factor for the emergence of idea novelty and pragmatic potentials of innovative forces. Applied approach to the authenticity of the creative individuals and ethics create competitive advantages in the institution, because it reduces moral vices and even before the law, eliminates corruption and ensures the health of the administrative apparatus. In this article it is descriptively and interpretively discussed how an authentic individual, in the bed of institutions and by playing a role in the implementation of top-down and bottom-up policies, can express his innovative talents in order to achieve major progress. Also, the role of formal institutions in serving, setting disciplines and providing a healthy supportive environment for the activities of the authentic individual and as well the role of informal institutions as facilitators of participation of lower level actors has been described. At the end, it has been concluded how innovation, meritocracy, livelihood prosperous and economic justice will be prevailed through enhancing virtue enrichment of individuals.

The philosophy of society is a science which studies and investigates general issues of society through logical and rational methods. And, in addition, while discussing by asking about the existence, nature and the quality of society, it attempts to discover its truth, aiming at extracting general regulations which ease the path toward prosperity for individuals and the whole society. The present study tries to study the issue of the principality of individual and society through the method of content analysis and focusing on the works of Allameh Tabatabai, and attempts to explore the relationship between them and the effects of his view on the aforementioned issues as the ontological foundations of the society. Findings show that Allameh Tabatabai, in the dichotomy of personality and society, first and foremost, build authenticity on individual or personhood and at second put the credibility on society. On this basis, it is possible to determine the effects and mutual impacts regarding individual and society. Exploiting such social characteristics is an important basis in sociological studies and has played a significant role in shaping the social views of Allamah Tabatabai.

Basically, the philosophy of contract realization is based on two theories: a view based on formalism and the restraints of the words and specific forms for conclusion of the contract, and the other is based on the freedom of will in concluding the contract. However, after the Renaissance, intense oppositions to formality began and the sovereignty of will has grown steadily, and this transformation and attitude has also become more objective in the legal system of Iran after the constitutional revolution, but after a while a lot of criticism, philosophically or legally, appeared regarding it and its severity and intensity has been reduced. In Iran's law, by setting Article 10 of the Civil Code as well as Article 957, the legislator has shown tendency to the principle of sovereignty of will, but this does not mean that we interpret the traditional and jurisprudential texts according to modern interpretations.

Ibn Bâjja and Ibn Tufail who have individualistic attitude have gone far from the dominant tradition and discourse of political science based on authenticity of community. They believe that man’s good fortune is not found in "public life", but in "personal life". Their individualism is based on self-reliance and freedom from the need for political and social order. They believe that man can have an individual life away from political order and civic education and can achieve happiness and good fortune by relying on reason and intellectual perceptions. Elaborating on the conditions of utopian society and non-utopian communities and on the separation of essential and transverse individualism, this paper investigates the nature of individualism of these two philosophers.

The discussion of socialism has been considered as one of the principles of theoretical philosophy of history. This is the question: Is individualism correct or socialism or is it that according to a third theory, both of them are true. This discussion is comparatively new among Muslim thinkers and probably Allamah Tabatabai paid attention to this subject for the first time; then Shahid Motahhari and Professor Mesbah made some inspections on this subject. Shahid Motahhari defends the view of correctness of both (but along with his special analysis of the subject) and Professor Mesbah criticizes some parts of this view and completely denies the socialism. In this article, the purpose is presenting the perspectives of the two thinkers and a judgment between them and considering the emphasis of both sides on attributing their view to Quran, some verses of Quran will be studied as well. The course of discussion is that after a brief explanation of the three views of individualism, socialism and truth of both, the conceptual principles of the discussion (concept of originality and concept of combination of society) is explained; then explicating the similarities and differences between the two views, an analysis of their philosophical and Quranic reasons and a judgment between the two has been done.

The belief in rise of Imam Mahdi and the expec¬tation for a global promised messiah faces a number of theoretical challenges, such as: if a perfect justice is supposed to be realized in afterworld, than, what is the need for the establishment of a just universal reign? Why waiting for faraj (the relief brought about to human kind when Imam appears) is regarded as the best religious acts, given that waiting does not fall in the category of acts, let alone to be the best act? In view of our belief in Imam Mahdi’s universal reign, should we approach to the contemporary question of globalization? Should the pandemonium and injustice fill the world as a precondition for the rise of Imam Mahdi, than our efforts to reform the world would not hamper and postpone his appearance? If our efforts to reform can prepare the ground for the transcendental evolution of human being, than what is the need for Imam Mahdi’s rise? In short, we are asked to wait for the rise of a universal promised messiah. First, Why? Secondly, how? This is up to us. The paper attempts to answer these questions from ayatollah Motahhari’s view.

This essay deals with the philosophy of history from Ayatollah Motahhari’s viewpoint. Although the main motive behind raising the subject returns to prevalence of Marxist views on the drivers of the history and the social movements at the time, yet the philosophy of history, per se, is worthy of a deep deliberation.The essay first, examines the social character of man and the different views on this matter. The relevance of the theory of collectivism along with the relevance of individualism, religious socialism, the ultimate victory of the righteous or the depressed ones and the relationship between waiting for the rise of the twelfth Shiite Imam and the reform of the society from Ayatollah Motahhari’s viewpoint are discussed as well.Martyred Ayatollah Motahhari’s favorite view is pointed out in all of the aforementioned cases.

Reviewing the works of Martyred Ayatollah Motahhari, the paper aims at extracting and presenting his critiques on the sociological views. As a courageous, a highly qualified, and a unique muslim thinker, Ayatollah Motahhari has strongly challenged the modern theories developed by westerners in the field of sociology; the theories that were taken for granted due to the intellectual dominance of the West. This paper is devoted to compile and classify the critiques raised by Mortaza Motahhari.