جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "خواسته ها" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

Epictetus divides the affairs of the world into two categories: the external world, which was organized by Zeus, and human being has no freedom or responsibility in this area. The inner world: which is completely under the control of human responsibility. Epictetus considers the inner world in three areas: rational judgments or beliefs, feelings and emotions, desires and avoidances. According to Epictetus, rational judgments are the most important of the inner realms and determine the other realms. Epictetus gives many examples and conversations to prove that rational judgments are the cause of feelings and emotions and desires. Therefore, feelings and emotions as well as desires are the result of the functioning of the reason. If the function of the reason is correct, it results in good feelings and logical desires, and if the function of the reason is imperfect, it leads to negative emotions and unreasonable desires.The Stoics, unlike Plato and Aristotle, do not believe in non-cognitive elements in the human mind and consider the human mind as a rational whole. They refer all feelings and emotions to rational beliefs. "Epictetus also considers the human mind to be rational.

The theory of motion substance and in another words fluidity of the world, is one the most significant theory in Mullasadra’s worldview. This belief has a vast influence and effect on our perception regarding morality and human mind. If someone believes in substantial motion, every domain of their mind will be widely impressed. This paper aims to study the impacts of belief in substantial movement on human’s mental desires and wants attempting to determine its domain with a phenomenological approach and intuitive and introspective method. Since at one hand human believes impress their feelings and emotions; and on the other hand feelings and emotions interact with beliefs and form some desires in a person, therefore, the confirmation of motion in substances creates a desire in man that the most significant of which are as follow: greedy with regard to pleasure and a sense recklessness enjoying the moments in life, in other words unwillingness and reluctance to worldly pleasures and the tendency to asceticism and a desire to adhere virtue or perfectionism.