جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "dwelling" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

The relation between art and life has always been a most important problem that philosophers have paid attention to. Martin Heidegger is one of the great philosophers that art has a central role in his thought, and so in this essay we explored the relation between art and life in his thought and by way of philosophical analysis, hermeneutics and discourse analysis attempted to find that what relation between art and life Heidegger believe in.Heidegger elevates art to a way of human salvation and believes that art can help us in the face of our existential problems. And, for him, this salvation can only be done by great art, that it can fulfill its responsibilities to human life.The second task of this essay was to discover and enumerate these tasks from the heart of Heidegger's philosophy of art. The art seems to have the following duties towards human life: opening the world, making it holy, understanding how to live, creating a people, freedom, taking it out of everyday life, making ontological differences, and giving birth to a meaningful world out of a meaningless and mysterious context.Finally, the third task we dealt with was how, in Heidegger's view, art could accomplish these tasks and in a sense save men. According to him, art can accomplish the tasks by thematizing, repeating, showing the other side of things, providing a passionate experience, paying attention to details, showing the simple and basic lines of the world and distancing oneself from things.

The basic problem of urban man today is to live in an unbalanced and alien world; A world in which many parts are formed outside the sphere of human discretion and action. Since the social world is largely subjective and individual perceptions play an important role in shaping how people view the world around them, in the present study the issue of modern urban living is represented. We cite Broken Windows as a focal point in this shared understanding of modern urban Dwelling and Tarkovsky's Sacrifice as a case study. The research question is how the representation of modern urban Dwelling is influenced by the theory of broken windows? The present study is of qualitative type that is based on an abductive approach; Also, by using Saussure's semiotics, concepts related to the subject of representation (dwelling in modern city) are extracted and using the Grounded Theory method, the theory of broken windows in modern urban dwelling is recognized. The case study is "The Sacrifice by Andrei Tarkovsky (1986)". “The broken windows" represents a sense of rupture, anomie, and uninhibitedness in modern city dwelling that is considered an "Axial phenomenon" in coding. The broken window has been created with modernity and its strategy is the objectification of absolute truth. Self-awareness is the underlying condition and spirituality is considered as the intervening condition in the present approach. The place of Human's dwelling is one of the most important forms of social organization of space, which in the present study means the spatial unity of body, mind, and soul. What can be proposed as the fundamental common point of Tarkovsky's Sacrifice and the Broken Windows and modern urban Dwelling is that: Lack of connection between the general and the particular matter leads to the emergence of dogmatism. Formal Dwelling means all the strict rules that lead to the equal viability of citizens.

Human life is inevitably linked with the environment and nature. Water, air, food, etc all are guarantors of the survival of human life and activities on earth. Humans reside on the earth, and so their dependence on the earth and other beings is supposed to be all other proportions of them. But mostly the relation gradually ends up neglecting one side, the environment, and using it as a resource in favor of human on the other side. This relation is based on the dominant thinking of the subject-object and neglect of other environmental values. The continuation of this situation will seriously damage the life of the earth and all beings. Martin Heidegger, a contemporary German philosopher who considers the history of Western thought as a history of neglect of being, believed that the deep roots of the current human relationship with nature and environmental crisis are in the particular perception of beings according to which beings are considered as mere human’s objects for domination of them. Heidegger considers such a relation to beings and the whole of nature as a subjective relation and attempts to solve the problem by means of the question of being and dwelling in the earth on the basis of friendship and the negation of dualism.

Based on Heidegger's views, in this paper we examine Confucius way of teaching as is expressed in analects books. Heidegger's hermeneutical phenomenology was used as an Approach "to understand Being of things” and “to let them unfold themselves”. Examining some essential concepts of analects books, we show how the values ​​in Confucian thought as an oriental way have become a moral system, thus the existence of the beings is reduced to their moral being (i.e: there is a definite moral system in place of existence, so the ontic substitute the ontology), so endanger potentiality, lifeworld and plurality of situations, and eliminated ontological openings. Eventually, in the area of ​​education, openness and other ways do not have the chance to appear, and new and varied ways become closed.

We interact with our environment depends on our understanding and attitude it. This interaction can be based on relational hegemonic subjective view between human, the environment and the creatures, as we see in modern thought, a relation which is the underlying cause of creation and aggravation of contemporary environmental crisis. In contrary, another relation can be considered according to which human, confronting the world, does not intend to dominate the world and the environment but possesses a relation based on familiarity and kinship to the world, the nature, and environment. Among contemporary thinkers, Heidegger’s thought refers to a relation to the environment based on which environmental crisis can be overcome. His thought endows rational credit to the issues in this area. It is shown in this article that Heidegger’s thought about the reality of the existence and the dwelling can change our view to human’s relation to himself, the world, and his understanding of each of them. Therefore, based on the concept of dwelling and referring to the meaning of the earth and the nature in his thought, it is examined another way of the confrontation of human and the environment and the earth, a way based on the nature of dwelling according to which human has a relation to them in the position of a maintainer and inheritor of the earth and creatures.

Place as a basic concept in the architecture and urbanism is disclosed through architecture as the art. This research is, theoretically, based on Martin Heidegger’s thought who is a German philosopher and phenomenologist. So we want to know how the place can open up itself and what is the role of art in exposing of place? The nature of place has been forgotten during modern era and reduced to a quantitative phenomenon. To reveal and gain the truth of place, by using hermeneutic phenomenological method, we need to discuss on art. According to Heidegger, art can illuminate the truth. Because the art is the basic manner in which the unveiling meaning of the truth can be existed. That is why the architecture as an art is able to reveal and unveil the place as one of its structures. Architecture, by construction, actualizes the character of the environment and changes the empty space into a rich environment to achieve a specific goal namely dwelling. Architecture as an art does not reveal anything but it makes the truth of the place visible and present. The main purpose of the architects is to reveal the relationship between place and Dasien, and weaken the placeless of the modern era. In this research, first of all, we try to expound Heidegger’s point of view on artistic work and then by comparative study, to investigate the impact of this idea on how the place can be revealed in the light of architecture as an art.

According to the modern thought, the essence of human is his subjectivity and the world is mere extension and object of study. The result of this manner of thinking is the separation of the world and human being and alienation of human being from the world. Heidegger tries to revive the nearness of human being and the world, which existed before the new era. Particularly in his later thoughts, he tries to come over the idea of duality of world and human through thinking on the truth, dwelling, divinity, the language and the world. In his thoughts, the world includes of four features: Mortals (Human beings), the Divinity, the Sky and the Earth. Calling by Being, human beings dwell the earth, under the sky, and in nearness to the divinity.