جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « rebirth » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

Salvation has always been considered as an important matter by most religions and the thought schools. Plato as an original philosopher, meditated on it. The result of his thought about salvation has been investigated in this essay. Thus, it had been found out that salvation and philosophy have a strong relation in Plato’s philosophy. Their relation has to do with the role of reason in his philosophy. Reason according to him, is a part of soul which makes us human beings and also could finally make us divine creatures. It means that human being, according to Plato, could free himself or herself from the cycle of rebirth with the help of reason and thus become a mortal living thing. In the other words, living things, according to Plato, are of two types: immortal and mortal. An immortal living thing is a winged soul patrolling all of heaven. When the soul sheds its wings, and wanders until it lights on something solid, where it settles and takes on an earthly body and makes it move, then it becomes a mortal living thing (human being). Therefore, whenever human being could come back to the heaven, he or she would be saved from the cycle of rebirth. However, salvation is only the result of life as a philosopher.

The quality of human life during this time of his life in this world and in the end is always influenced by your deeds and deeds and speeches. Karma means to act and the result of act that is influenced by human wants and instincts is seen in later life. By understanding Karma, one can justify the present situation and prevent future births in the future. In order to get a good karma, you have to follow Dharma and gaining knowledge leads to the destruction of the karma. With the exception of Cārvāka, all Hindu systems agree more or less with Karma's theory. Everything is under the control of the Karmic law but this law is independent of divine will in sāṃkhya and Mīmāṃsā, and in the Buddhist and Jain religions, the gods are also influenced by the law of karma

The Spiritual wayfaring and the evolution of human being are among the important issues in the monotheistic religions. In Christianity, the evolution in question could be discussed through different approaches, including mystical, theological, and Biblical ones. On the other hand, that spiritual wayfaring could be evaluated from various aspects: for instance, the standpoint of the spiritual wayfaring in religion; its impression on both mundane and otherworldly life; the ways towards the Divine intimacy, and so on. One of the main questions, however, is on the meaning and the type of the very wayfaring. What does happen to a wayfarer on the way to God when she/he reaches perfection? Is there a real evolution or the wayfarer is called perfect only in a virtual and honorific sense? In this article, we try to discuss that mystical wayfaring according to Christian faith, generally, and the New Testament, especially.

The law of Karma and rebirth are among important issues which concern the afterlife، determinism and free will، predestination، and man''s fate. Thus، they are discussed in Indian religions and philosophical schools and almost all of them accept the two. They are foundations of their philosophical ideas. Karma means action and reaction. In other words، whatever the action may be (whether good or evil)، it has a reaction. All of them are of the opinion that the order of universe is reflected in human beings'' moral system. There is، however، some dispute among researchers concerning the origin of the notion «karma». Some of them are of the opinion that karma has a Vedic origin. Some others think that belief in karma has its roots in the beliefs of pre-Vedic native tribes. Karma and the rebirth are spoken of in Upanishads as well; and separation of the soul from body has been explicitly mentioned there. Karma and rebirth have been explicitly mentioned in Gita as well. In addition، belief in karma may be found in Buddhism and Jainism. In Buddhism، the term «samskara» has been employed which means force، will، making and combining. In Jainism، wandering of the soul in the hierarchy of being has been noted. They believe that we have to free the soul from the prison of body by observing moral principles and piety. From among the contemporary Indian thinkers، Aurobindo has seriously studied the concept of karma. This point has been one of his primary concerns and he has discussed the point within the framework of his own evolutionary doctrine.