جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اجتماعی" در نشریات گروه "ادیان و عرفان"

The present study aims at exploration of the parameters effective in the increase of the political-social role of the clerics in Isfahan in the Qajar period (1210-1264 AH/ 1794-1896 AD). The clerics are among the social classes with an important role in the political and social activities in the Iranian society since long ago. Under Qajars, this social group was at the center of attention in facing the issues of the time in some of the cities like Isfahan. Iran's domestic evolutions and its international relations with the European countries prepared an influential milieu for the clerics to play a more active role. The present study was conducted through a descriptive-analytical method using library sources and documentary data to answer the following questions: (a) what are the parameters effective in increase of the political-social role of the clerics in Isfahan under Qajars? And (b) how could the clerics in Isfahan strengthen their social status using those parameters?    The findings suggest that in view of some important parameters such as legitimizing the government, religious and political fatwas, struggling with religious-intellectual deviations, superiority of the Usuli thought over the Akhbari thought and the related consequences in the society, supporting public groups in confrontation with the local despotic governors, domestics dictatorship and foreign colonialism, as well as the religious milieu and the clerics' status as the only referents for resolving people's issues, the clergymen in Isfahan could manage to strengthen their social status in that time for the future events.

Mysticism and mystical literature is one of the most significant branches of educational literature and has a broad expanse in Persian literature. There is no doubt that a large portion of the works and contexts in Persian literature is dedicated to the works with mystical concepts and contents. The events, happenings, and policies of the rulers of a society are impressive in every pillars of that society. Just like any other phenomenon, literature is affected from the political, cultural, and social atmosphere and the events and happenings in society. This condition can lead to the formation and evolution and or recession and degradation of a literary genre. A portion of these reasons and factors depends on the political, cultural, social, and economic conditions of that society. The genesis and evolution of mystical literature coincides with the realm of Ghaznavids, Seljuk, and Mongols in Iran. This paper that is written through descriptive analytic method using library resources deals with the role of political, social, cultural, and economic factors on the formation and evolution of mystical literature in various eras. The above factors include shortage of imperial reign interested in Iranian Islamic culture, cruelty and oppression of the ruling party and ethical deviation, strictness and religious prejudices and superficiality, rationalities deviation, fatalism and desperate people, role of monastery, role of ascetic poetry, role of poetry and Arabic mystical verse, and economic issues.