جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اهداف توسعه پایدار" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

One of the most important factors that negatively affects trade liberalization in the international arena is the non-tariff barriers that are often imposed by developed countries based on political, economic, social, and environmental necessities. These barriers have violated trade freedom and challenged the economic development of countries, negatively affected the achievement of sustainable development goals, and created various problems for developing countries. In this paper, in order to investigate the impact of non-tariff barriers on international trade and sustainable development goals, after a preliminary explanation of the concepts, the role of non-tariff barriers in international trade and their impact on access to international markets, their role in economic development, and the reciprocal impact of non-tariff barriers and sustainable development goals are addressed. Finally, it is concluded that cooperation and coherence in national and international policies will create positive interactions between these barriers and the issue of sustainable development, and eliminate the limiting effects of non-tariff barriers to trade.

Due to the closed nature of the Persian Gulf, the transit of oil tankers and excessive utilization of the global standard, the environmental situation of the gulf has been endangered. It is necessary to promulgate the sea-based culture and marine economy and include their policies in the legislations of all eight countries of the Persian Gulf in order to achieve the sustainable development regarding their versatile aspects and implementation.The main question here is how the performance of the engaging states in the Persian Gulf contributes in maintaining sustainability of the maritime environment in the Persian Gulf, emphasizing on indicators of sustainable development. In this article, the performance of the Persian Gulf countries in relation to the sustainable development of the marine environment has been studied analytically and through a library research. Following the review of these indicators, the global standard of sustainable development components is measured in three areas of social, economic and environmental sectors compared to objectives 12, 14, 15 and 17 of Agenda 2030. According to the results,achieving sustainable development of the marine environment of the Persian Gulf is only possible by active participation of all the eight countries playing their optimal roles in cooperation with each other.