جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "dual task" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

One of the topics that is important in many sports skills is the Psychological refractory period that is a delay in responding to stimuli that are presented in short intervals. The aim of recent research is the effect of number of simulation-response and Stimulus Onset Asynchrony on Psychological refractory period in athlete and non- athlete person.

This research is a semi-experiment and field of fundamental-applied research. 15 athletes and 15 non-athlete students of university (22.25±1.08 years) were selected by convenience targeted sampling. The instrument was Serial Reaction Time Measuring Apparatus, msi notebook and Annett Hand Preference Questionnaire. From all participants, task test the taken using a psychological refractory period included the number of different response stimuli (one, two, four and eight) for the first and second stimuli and four time intervals (100,200,400 and 600 milliseconds) between the two stimuli. data using analysis of oneway variance tests of 4×4×2 with repeated measures with Bonferroni test were used.

The results showed that at more time intervals and in the number of stimuli-less responses, there was a shorter psychological refractory period. Also, there is a significant difference between the athletes and non-athletes in the number of stimulus-response eight-choice.

It seems that in more number of stimulus-responses, according to Welfard's single-channel theory, because the later channel is empty, a longer Psychological refractory period occurs. Athletes, due to the experience of more challenges in exercise and the Preparation neuropsychology muscular system, in more difficult tasks, they perform better than non-athletes.

One of the most common problems in people with multiple sclerosis)MS) is memory impairment. Although the effect of dual cognitive motor tasks assignments on cognitive function in MS patients have been confirmed, however little research has been done its effect on their spatial memory. Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve spatial memory of MS  patients because of dual tasks training.

The present study's design was pre-test and post-test with random group method. The research method was semi-experimental and in terms of purpose was applied. To did this research, Thirty women with MS)20-60 years old) who were members of the MS Association of Tehran, participated voluntarity with informed consent in this study. participant were then randomly divided into control and experimental groups. the spatial memory pre-test was first taken from the subjects through spatial memory from the LM-01 spatial memory device. then subjects training Dual Task for eight weeks, each consisting of two 45-60 minutes sessions. The Post-test was done. The data were analyzed by mix analyasis and independent and paired t-test at a significant level of p < /em>≤0/05.

Results of analysis of variance showed that dual task training significantly improved spatial memory)p < /em> = 0.04) in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Therefore, Dual Task training cognitive-motor assignments causes more mind involvement and can be considered as a suitable way to enhance cognitive abilities such as spatial memory.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a selected training program under dual and single-task conditions on the cognitive flexibility of children with developmental coordination disorder. The research method was semi-experimental and with a pre-test-post-test- follow-up design with control group. The statistical population of this study included male students with developmental disorder in Ahvaz city. From the mentioned population, a sample of 39 subjects who were eligible for inclusion in the study was selected by available sampling method. After the Trail Making Test as a pre-test, they were randomly assigned to three groups: Exercise Dual task (n=13), single task training (n=13) and control (n=13). Then, the two experimental groups performed a selected training program with different conditions for 8 weeks and 3 sessions each 45 minutes each week. At the end, all subjects were followed by a Trail Making Test and two months later, a follow-up test. Data analysis using one-way covariance analysis as well as t-test showed that in post-test, cognitive flexibility in dual task group was superior to both single and control group (P < 0.05). In the follow-up test, this superiority remained only rather than the control group. Also, the single task group was superior to the control group in the post-test (P <0.05). Compared to single-task approaches, dual-task-based exercises can improve the cognitive flexibility of children with developmental coordination disorder, so using this method in the planning of classes is suggested for this group of children.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of video games on reducing the response time to the second stimulus in psychological refectory period. For this the whole student population from 14 to 18 years in Ahvaz, 50 students were chosen to purposefully. For this the whole student population from 14 to 18 years in Ahvaz, 50 students were chosen to purposefully. Inclusion criteria Subjects was healthy vision and do video games at least three days a week, during six months of research to experimental group. The dual task test and audio-visual was done of all subjects. The interval between the two stimuli was 50 and 75 (short distance) 200 and 250 ms (long distance) (Generally 8 trial). The results of analysis of variance (2 x 4) and independent t-test showed that all sequences in all four stimulus onset between test and control groups there was a significant difference. Computer games because training orientation skills, response inhibition, multi-step instructions and auditory memory and visual and as well as through improved spatial visualization and increase skills mental abstractions can have a positive impact the dual task auditory-visual in the psychological refectory period.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of strop on the psychological refractory period.
The present study is of semi-experimental. 20 students of Chamran University of Ahwaz, chosen in reach; participated in the study with average age of 23/45±1/45. Each of the participants did a test of strop effect dual task within four intervals of 50, 100, 300, 900 ms between asynchronous onset of the tasks in both congruent and incongruent conditions.
The results of repeated measurement test with (p>0/05) significant indicate that response time of the congruent stimulant is quicker compared with the incongruent one. In short intervals, the automatic process of reading the word had no overlap with the process of naming the word.
Therefore, strop effect in short intervals was not effective and the incongruent condition of strop effect makes the analysis of stimulant complex during the phase of choosing the response. Intra-group difference and internal inconsistency of two stimulants within the sequence of congruent and incongruent dual task increased the response time of the second stimulant. So, increase in the complexity of the first stimulant causes the longest delay of the second one.

Dual stimulus task is an appropriate way to investigate humans’ limited capacity of information processing. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the first stimulus simplification and significant interference on the second reaction time. The participants included 17 male students of Shahid Chamran University whose age average was 23.45±1.54. All of them performed a dual task test within four intervals of 50, 100, 300, 900 ms between asynchronous onset of two stimuli under congruent and incongruent and neutral conditions. The results of ANOVA with repeated measure at the significance level of P˃0.05 indicated that simplification of the first congruent stimulus, compared to incongruent and neutral stimuli; reduces the reaction time for second congruent and neutral stimuli. The required change of attention processes in dual task with second incongruent stimulus causes on significant effect of first congruent and neutral stimulus precedence over second incongruent stimulus. The findings suggest that simultaneous performance of dual tasks with high information processing capacity or divided attention among non-automatized tasks should be avoided. Moreover, for intial of simplification processes and significant interference at leat 100 ms be required.

The aim of the present study wasto design the Persian versionof the time discrimination task. Thirty-one volunteer elementary school students participated in this experiment. By means of a computerized test, selected pictures of the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) were presented to all participants both in 1000 and 2000 milliseconds (ms). The discrimination threshold of subjects was then calculated using the Levitt’s proposed formula (1971). Participants required 261/5 msand 373/06 msto differentiate the comparative stimulus from target one in 1000 ms and 2000 ms, respectively. These values were considered as time discrimination threshold. In conjunction with classic findings in psychophysics, the results of the current investigation indicated that when the intensity of stimulus increases, the magnitude of discrimination threshold rises accordingly. Meanwhile, doubling the intensity does not necessarily double the perceived discrimination threshold. We suggest prospective paradigm time discrimination studies toconsider using the currently developed task as an investigational tool.