جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « panic disorder » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

A review of previous studies shows that, among the variables that affect the underlying mechanisms of panic and depression disorders, are body awareness, difficulty in emotional regulation, and patient's self-management. Considering the lack of research background on the comparison of the above three components in patients with panic and depression disorders, the present study seeks to answer the question whether these three components are different in patients with panic, depression and nonaffected persons?

The purpose of this research was to compare body awareness, difficulty in emotion regulation and self-management among people with panic disorders, depression and nonaffected persons.

The current research design was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population of the research included all people suffering from panic disorders, depression and non-suffering people in the city of Babol in the autumn of 2022. The sampling method was available and the sample size was 30 people for each group. The data collection tools in this study included three body awareness questionnaires of Shields (1989), the difficulty in emotion regulation questionnaire of Gratz & Roemer (2004) and the self-management questionnaire of Houthun and Neck (2000). The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and Benferoni post hoc test using SPSS22 software.

The obtained results showed that there is no significant difference in body awareness between people suffering from panic disorders, depression and non-suffering people. There was no significant difference in other variables, including difficulty in emotion regulation and self-management, between the two panic and depressed groups, but both groups had a significant difference compared to the group of non-diseased people. It was also found that three groups of people suffering from panic, depression and non-suffering people have a significant difference in the three strategies of self-management, including behavioral strategies, natural reward and constructive thought pattern and difficulty in emotional regulation (P< 0.05).

According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that people with panic disorders and depression have problems in emotion regulation and self-management compared to non-afflicted people. Therefore, it is suggested that psychiatrists and psychotherapists pay attention to the three variables of the present study in the therapeutic interventions of patients suffering from panic and depression in order to prevent the progression and exacerbation of disease symptoms.

The purpose of this study was to examine the comparison of the effectiveness of hypoventilation therapy and emotion regulation training on Anxiety Sensitivity and Emotion processingin women with panic disorder (PD) in Ardabil. This semi-experimental study was carried out using pre-test and post-test with control group from all patients suffering panic disorder (PD) who referred to SeyedHatami Ardabil Health Comprehensive Centers in summer and Fall 2019, 45 patients were selected through purposive sampling method and were randomly placed into 3 equal experimental and control groups. The Experimental groups exposed to hypoventilation therapy and emotion regulation training while control group received none. Anxiety Sensitivity and Emotion processing Questionnaires were used as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by using Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test and bonferoni post hoc. The results showed that there were significant differences anxiety sensitivity and emotion processing scores of the experimental and the control groups. Results of the follow-up test indicated that no effective wad observed in the mean scores of anxiety sensitivity and emotion processing (P=0/001). According to the finding of the present study, hypoventilation therapy and emotion regulation training can be used as an effective method to reduction Anxiety Sensitivity and Emotion processing of women with panic disorder.

Panic disorder (PD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks, anticipation and worry about further panic attacks and their potential consequences, as well as dysfunctional reassurance and avoidance behaviors aimed at preventing them. Panic disorder disrupts a person's performance in important areas of life and negatively effects on quality of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among people with panic disorder in Ahvaz city.
 

The research method was experimental single subject with non' concurrent multiple baseline design trials. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals with panic disorder referring to counseling centers in Ahvaz from February 2020 to August 2020. Three of them were selected using available sampling, and randomly between 3 and 5 baseline sessions were considered for them. The treatment program was carried out for 10 weekly sessions derived from the cognitive-behavioral therapy protocol, with a follow-up period of 6 weeks after treatment termination. Data were collected from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID-5-CV), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Clinically Significant Improvement (CSI), Visual Analysis, and Reliable Change Index (RCI) were used to analyze the data.

Results showed that panic symptom severity decreased with CBT. Participants achieved a 52/69 percentage of recovery in BAI, and 55/03 percentage of recovery in QOLQ. These results indicate the effective effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on reducing the symptoms of panic disorder and increasing the quality of life in the participants. Also, the results of the reliable change index in Beck anxiety scores after the intervention sessions were (2.25 for the first participant), (2.57 for the second participant), and (2.90 for the third participant). After 6 weeks' follow-up, the reliable change index was in the first participant (2.45), the second participant (2.78), and the third participant (2.81). Considering that the score of each participant reached above Z = 1.96, it is possible to attribute the change or improvement obtained to the effect of the intervention with a 95% confidence level (P < 0.05). The result of the reliable change index in quality of life scores after follow-up indicates that in some subscales, the improvement was caused by the intervention and treatment. The rate of reliable change index was calculated for the first participant in the quality of life subscales, respectively, physical (6.37), psychological (4.28), social (1.99), and environmental (2.47). In the second participant, physical (6/37), psychological (4/28), social (2/63) and environmental (1/23), and in the third participant, physical (5/14). Psychological (3.25), social (0.63), and environmental (1.44) were obtained. In other words, cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in decreasing panic symptoms and increasing quality of life.
 

According to the results of this study, panic disorder is common and can lead to significant disruption in daily functioning and reduce quality of life. Using both cognitive and behavioral techniques is effective in improving a person's performance and improving panic symptoms, as well as improving the quality of life. Accordingly, cognitive behavioral therapy CBT for treating panic disorders and improving quality of life may be useful in Iranian clinical settings. In other words, results from the present study indicate that a CBT protocol of acceptability in patients with PD can be successfully delivered in this population.

It is assumed that the dimensions of temperament and the disgusting sensitivity in interacting with each other lead to generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Despite the importance of this model, not enough research has been done to evaluate it empirically. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of temperament dimensions on generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder mediated by sensitivity-disgust in Urmia University students. The present research design is descriptive of correlation type. For this purpose, 377 students of Urmia University were selected using cluster sampling. Participants filled Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125, 1994), Disgust Sensitivity Scale (DSS, 1994), Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GADQ-IV, 2006), the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Inventory Revised (OCI-R, 2002), and the Leibowitz Panic Inventory (LPI, 1984) were administered. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. SPSS and AMOS software were also used to classify, process, analyze the data and test the research hypotheses.Evaluation of the hypothetical model of the research using fitness indicators showed that the hypothetical model fits with the measurement model (CFI = 0.97, NFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.065). The results showed that the dimensions of temperament have a significant effect on generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder at the level of P <0.001. And obsessive-compulsive disorder has a significant effect at the level of P <0.001. Findings of the study, along with support for the hypothetical model for generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder, show a good model for the etiology of these disorders and can play a role in disgust. These findings might Help treatment of anxiety disorders and related cognitive-behavioral interventions.

Characterized by recurrent unexpected attacks, panic disorder refers to one of the anxiety disorders, reaching its peak within a few minutes and being associated with various physical and cognitive symptoms like problems in emotional processing and information processing. The present research was carried out aiming at comparing emotion regulation strategies and early maladaptive schemas in individuals with and without panic disorder. To perform this causal-comparative study, 30 individuals with panic disorder referring to the psychiatric treatment centers of the city of Gorgan (Iran) and 30 of their normal counterparts were selected by purposive sampling method and  they completed The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) , and The Yang Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YEMSQ).Data were analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by SPSS software.  According to the findings, compared to their normal counterparts, individuals with panic disorder showed lower scores in the cognitive reappraisal strategy (P<0.05), besides higher scores in the emotional suppression strategy (P<0.05) and all the domains of early incompatible schemas (P<0.05). Given the present findings, training emotional regulation methods for the public as well as interventions aimed at treating early maladaptive schemas may play an effective role in preventing anxiety disorders, particularly panic disorders.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy is effective on a wide range of mental disorders such as panic and test anxiety.The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on panic and test anxiety of students with panic disorder in Kashan city.

The current research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population includes all students suffering from panic disorder in Kashan city in 2021-22, from which 30 students were chosen through convenient sampling method and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups (each group included 15 people). Participants first completed Spielberger's test anxiety questionnaire and Gutenberg's panic questionnaire (1989) and were both subsequently reevaluated once the experimental group had gone through mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Data was analyzed using SPSS26 and by covariance analysis method.

The results showed that, when the significance level is 0.05, a significant difference in the test anxiety and panic was reported between the two groups of participants in the research (P<0.05).

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy increases awareness towards physical and mental feelings and leads to trust and true acceptance of life events which reduces panic disorder.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy is effective on a wide range of mental disorders such as panic and test anxiety.The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on panic and test anxiety of students with panic disorder in Kashan city.

The current research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population includes all students suffering from panic disorder in Kashan city in 2021-22, from which 30 students were chosen through convenient sampling method and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups (each group included 15 people). Participants first completed Spielberger's test anxiety questionnaire and Gutenberg's panic questionnaire (1989) and were both subsequently reevaluated once the experimental group had gone through mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Data was analyzed using SPSS26 and by covariance analysis method.

The results showed that, when the significance level is 0.05, a significant difference in the test anxiety and panic was reported between the two groups of participants in the research (P<0.05).

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy increases awareness towards physical and mental feelings and leads to trust and true acceptance of life events which reduces panic disorder.

Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) is a multifaceted and integrated treatment that is widely used for generalized anxiety disorder and its effectiveness on factors of generalized anxiety disorder has been approved. The purpose of this study was to examine Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Group Therapy on symptom reduction and quality of life in individuals with Panic disorder. This is an experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and control group. Population of the of the present study was All patients with panic disorder in Shiraz city in 1398 who went to the psychiatric clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The sample was 22 patients with Panic disorder who were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group.

The subjects in the experimental group and the control group were assessed in both pre-test and post-test periods using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, Anxiety and Related Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-5 and The World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire.

results showed that Group format of Emotion Regulation Therapy significantly Improve Symptoms of anxiety and quality of life of individuals with Panic disorder.

Emotion Regulation Therapy including intervention in worry and emotion regulation construct, Improve symptoms and quality of life of patients with panic disorder.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Emotion Regulation on emotion processing and symptoms of panic in women with Panic Disorder.

This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with control group from all panic disorder patients visited in Ardabil Health and psychology clinic in summer and fall 2018, 30 patients were selected through the availability sampling method and randomly were placed into two equal experimental and control groups. Experimental group experienced 8 weeks of Emotion Regulation, while control group were just followed. emotion processing and symptoms of panic questionnaires were used in pre-test, post-test and up as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive indices and analysis of covariance.

The result of comparing post-test of scores in two group showed that there were significant difference in emotion processing and symptoms of panic scores intervention group and the control group (p < 0.01).

Thus, can be said that of Emotion Regulation psychotherapy .reduced emotion processing and symptoms of panic in Women with Panic Disorder. According to the findings of the present study, ERT can be suggested as an efficient method to recovery emotion processing and symptoms of panic in Women with Panic Disorder.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation rraining on anxiety sensitivity and worry in women with panic disorder. This semi-experimental study was carried out using pre-test and post-test with control group from all panic disorder patients visited in Ardabil comprehensive health clinic in summer and fall 2018, 30 patients were selected through the availability sampling method and randomly were placed into two equal experimental and control groups. Experimental group experienced 8 weeks of Emotion Regulation, while control group were just followed. Anxiety Sensitivity questionnaire and Pennsylvania state worry questionnaire were used as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive indexes and analysis of covariance. The result of comparing post-test of scores in two group showed that there were significant difference in Anxiety Sensitivity and worry scores intervention group and the control group. In a way that this training reduced could Anxiety Sensitivity and worry in Women with Panic Disorder. According to the findings of the present study, emotion regulation training can be suggested as an efficient method to reduced anxiety sensitivity and worry in women with panic Disorder

The purpose of the study was to comparison of the effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy (EST) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on cognitive distortion in women with panic attack disorder. This is quasi-experimental study with pre-test , post-test, two months follow-up stage ,and control group. The study statistical population included all the women with panic attack disorder who referred to on of the Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran for outpatient treatment during 2017. A sample of 45 participants were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups for treatments and one control group, having 15 women in each group. Both two experiments were under treatment individually within 11 sessions of 90-minutes , twice a week. while the control group received no treatment. Cognitive distortion scale (1389) and panic belief inventory (1989) were administered before treatment, the end of treatment sessions and after two months. Data were analyzed using Analysis of variance with repeated measure and univariate covariance analysis. The results showed that both EST and MBCT methods was impressive on cognitive distortion of women with panic attack disorder and decreased cognitive distortion in two experimental groups, but there was not significant difference in the efficacy of the two treatments. Also, the difference between post-test and follow-up was not significant .Therefore , these two therapies can be used to decrease cognitive distortions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group gestalt therapy on anxiety sensitivity and rumination in women with Panic Disorder. This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with control group from all panic disorder patients visited in Ardabil psychological clinic in summer 2018, 30 patients were selected through the availability sampling method and randomly were placed into two equal experimental and control groups. Participants were selected using structured clinical interview based on disorders axis I. Experimental group experienced 8 weeks of gestalt therapy, while control group were just followed. anxiety sensitivity Floyd & et.al (2005) and rumination Nolen-Hoeksema (1991) questionnaires were used in pre-test, post-test and up as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive indices and analysis of covariance. The result of comparing post-test of scores in two group showed that there were significant difference in Anxiety sensitivity, and Rumination scores intervention group and the control group (p < 0.01). Thus, can be said that of gestalt group psychotherapy .reduced anxiety sensitivity and rumination in Women with Panic Disorder.

This study investigates both quality and type of perception that females with panic disorder experience toward death and its consequences. Research design was grounded theory. Semi-Structured In-Depth Interviews were used to collect data. Population included females suffered from panic disorder under treatment procedure in Counseling Centers and Psychiatric Services, Qom city, Iran, spring and summer of 2018. 13 patients were purposefully sampled. Their age range was 22 – 52 year.  The analysis of data led into 11 main strata extracted from 39 initial concepts. The findings of this study included the two main categories of negative attitude (fear of death, ambiguity of death, fear of death of loved ones, non-existence, and helplessness) and positive attitude (emancipation). Negative consequences of death were anxiety (negative emotions, interpersonal disturbances, diminishing positive experiences, impaired daily functioning, and excessive attention to health). The results showed that death anxiety is one of the most important components of panic disorder and has many negative consequences for identifying its elements which can play an important role in the treatment of panic disorder. it is necessary to treat the panic disorder at the same time  their death anxiety can also be met with methods of increasing death awareness and exposure while preventing recurrence of panic disorder while increasing the effectiveness of treatment.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Hypoventilation Therapy on Emotional processing and Anxiety Sensitivity in women with Panic Disorder. This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all panic disorder patients who visited the Seyed Hatami Ardabil Comprehensive Health center in summer and fall of 2018. From them, 30 patients were selected through the convenience sampling method and randomly placed into two equal experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 4 weeks (12 sessions and 17 minutes each session) of Hypoventilation Therapy, while the control group was just followed during this period. Emotional processing (Baker, Thomas, Thomas, Owens, 2007) and Anxiety Sensitivity (Reiss & Peterson, 1985) questionnaires were used in pre-test, post-test and follow-up as the study instruments. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance. The results of comparing post-test scores of the two groups showed that there were significant differences in Emotional processing and Anxiety Sensitivity scores of the intervention group and the control group (p<0.01). Thus, it can be stated that Hypoventilation Therapy reduced Emotional processing and Anxiety Sensitivity in Women with Panic Disorder.

People with Panic disorder experience excessive worry and difficulties in emotion regulation, Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) is a multifaceted and integrated treatment and its effectiveness on anxiety factors of generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety disorder has been confired in many studies. .This study to aim was conducted to investigate effectiveness of emotion regulation group therapy on symptom reduction, worry and difficulties in emotion regulation in peoples with Panic disorder in a quasi-experimental design to pre-test and post-test with control group aimed at. Population of this study includes people with panic disorder referring to the psychiatric clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz city. Twenty-two people with Panic disorder were vouluntarly select and randomly were assigned to the experimental and the control groups.The subjects in the experimental and the control groups were assessed in both pre-test and post-test stages using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Anxiety and Related Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-5 (ADIS-5), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Data were analyzed using covariance analysis statistical method and by software SPSS-22. Results showed that group therapy based on emotion regulation Improve significantly symptoms of anxiety, worry and difficulties in emotion regulation of subjects with panic disorder. Emotion regulation therapy throughout using body scan mindfulness technique, awareness of physical senses and breathe technique, and also intervention in worry and emotion regulation construct mprove symptoms worry and difficulties difficulties in emotion regulation of subjects with panic disorder.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of adding death-based intervention to cognitive-behavioral therapy on symptoms of panic and death anxiety among patients with panic disorder. It is also  compared with cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder as usual treatment. The research population comprised  female patients with panic disorder referred to one of the psychiatric and counseling centers to treat in Qom city in 2019. Due to the limitation of the statistical population, the samples were selected through available sampling technique. The clients were interviewed by the researcher in addition to the psychiatrist's diagnosis. The total number of patients had cooperated in the research were 10, 11 and 9 in the first experimental group , second experimental group and control group, respectively. Templar Death Anxiety Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire were used for gathering information. The collected data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.The results showed that the mean score of death anxiety and panic symptoms for both groups of the post-test and follow-up in death awareness-based intervention were significantly lower in comparison with the cognitive-behavioral and the control groups. According to the research findings, it seems that treatment of panic disorder would be more effective by reducing or eliminating death anxiety simultaneously. In addition, it would be reduced the risk of recurrence.

The purpose of this study was the comparison of Self-conscious emotions and appearance schemas in people with and without panic disorder.

This research’s method is causal-comparative. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all patients with panic disorder in the country in 1395 (2017) (they were member in the social medias group), that were chosen 100 person by using available sampling method (50 patients with panic disorder and 50 healthy subjects for comparison). To measure the variables of study, Tangney's Self-conscious emotions Questionnaire, Thomas Scheck Scale Questionnaire, and Albanian Panic Inventory were used. The data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The results showed that there is a significant difference between panic patients and healthy subjects in Self-consciousness emotions of shame and guilt, as sub scales of appearance schema “self-motivation and self-assessment”.

Based on finding of this study, it can be concluded that the emotions of shame and guilt and appearance schemas are among the distinctive variables of panic disorder.