فراترکیب

Sustainable development is considered a function of the education system of each country, so the decision makers of each country should focus on improving the performance of this system. Teachers play the most important key role in improving performance, so increasing teacher productivity levels can lead to better performance of the educational system. This research tries to identify and rank the factors that help to increase the productivity levels of teachers in Ilam city. The current research is applied with a mixed (exploratory) approach. The data collection in the qualitative part is meta-synthesis and the data collection in the quantitative part is using Vicor matrix tool. In the first step, 217 previous researches related to the objectives of the present study were examined using the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso, and the findings of these studies were aggregated, combined and interpreted in order to develop a comprehensive, new and original picture of the factors affecting Teachers' productivity should be presented. The expansion of the presented model is one of the strengths and innovations of this research. In this research, 39 final codes have been identified and presented in the form of seven dimensions (educational factors, managerial factors, economic factors, individual factors, physical factors, cultural factors, teachers' information updating factors). Factors were ranked. The results show that the greatest effect is related to the factor of teachers' information being up-to-date and the least effect among the seven identified factors is the welfare factor.

In recent decades, the risk of neglecting the environment has become evident, and environmental concerns have emerged as one of the most critical issues of the global community. Higher education institutions, as the heart of knowledge development worldwide, play a significant role in environmental improvement. They need to reduce the consumption of resources, materials, energy, and organizational costs; control and eliminate environmental pollutants; train green-minded human resources; and cultivate an environmental culture. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the indicators for establishing and maintaining Green Management at the University of Gonabad. This study employed the qualitative method of Meta-Synthesis and the quantitative method of fuzzy decision-making techniques. The data collection tool for this research was past documents in this field. In this regard, 50 articles were identified, and after filtering and quality control of the texts, seven articles were selected for coding and analysis, and indicators were extracted from them. To adapt these indicators to the studied university, the opinions and collective agreement of university experts were obtained in the form of a decision-making team composed of university administrators. In this process, 44 indicators were identified across six categories. In the next step, using group-fuzzy AHP and with the participation of experts, the importance of each component and sub-component was determined. The inconsistency rate for all comparison tables was found to be less than 0.1. To determine the best scenarios, the IPA-G-FGAHP technique was applied. After determining the importance of the factors and calculating their deviation from the optimal state, the balanced gap was calculated. Based on the university's ability to implement each of these indicators, the final priorities were established.According to the findings, material and spiritual attention to environmental development was given the highest priority. The next priorities included water absorption and storage, utilizing roof space for rainwater collection, smart building technologies, and surface water management.

To construct a practical training model for Islamic citizenship, from among all studies conducted in this area 42 were selected and then content analyzed. Summing up the findings are a set of ten educational principles and 18 constituents confirmed by a group of experts to be valid. Any training program needs to be socially based, liberal, and justice oriented, focused on honor, moderation, duty, and monotheism, while emphasizing thoughtfulness, progressiveness, and being therapeutic. Thus, it is suggested that these principles and their constituents be used by those involved in the task of training Islamic citizens.

Paying attention to comprehensive quality management in universities is one of the most important approaches to improving the efficiency and effectiveness of higher education in recent years. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify the components of comprehensive quality management in higher education.

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and based on the meta-synthesis method based on the Erwin (2011) model. The research population consists of 214 articles and postgraduate theses on the components of comprehensive quality management in higher education centers that were presented between 2017 and 2024. The research sample includes 30 research articles that were collected purposefully and selected based on thematic monitoring of data. The research data were analyzed based on content analysis at three levels: basic, organizing, and comprehensive themes.

Based on data analysis, the components of total quality management in higher education centers were classified into 7 dimensions and 66 factors. These dimensions include contextual and infrastructural factors, process documentation, curriculum, human resources, customer-centricity, monitoring and evaluation, and leadership and management.

Comprehensive quality management is one of the necessities for improving the current situation in higher education. Considering the components identified in this field, the necessity of evaluating and monitoring the structural resources available in the university, information networking in the university, a transformational perspective in higher education, and professional development should be considered.

The purpose of the current research is to design and explain the teacher leadership model in elementary schools and it was done using the qualitative method of Meta synthesis type using the seven-step approach of Sandlowski and Barros (2007). The statistical population of the research consists of all Persian and English studies published in the field of teacher leadership during the years 2012 to 2023. In this regard, the keywords related to the purpose of the research were searched and the studies and articles obtained were examined using the purposeful sampling method and the acceptance criteria, and finally 48 articles were selected as samples that met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles were analyzed using the open, central, selective coding method through Maxqda software. The reliability of the coding was confirmed using the kappa coefficient of agreement in spss software with a value of 0.763, and to check the validity of the research, the opinions of five experts and commentators of qualitative research were used. The results of data analysis showed 186 open codes for teacher leadership, which were placed in the form of 15 sub-components and 5 main components based on conceptual connections and research findings, which finally led to the designing of the teacher-leadership model for elementary schools. The main dimensions of this model are: continuous growth and improvement, collaborative culture, capacity building, leadership behavior and competencies. Policymakers and education practitioners can use this model as a catalyst to create transformation and improve the state of elementary schools.

The main purpose of this research is to identify the key managerial competencies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution with the Meta-Synthesis approach.

This research is developmental in terms of purpose. In terms of the nature of the data and the style of data analysis, it is part of qualitative research. And based on data collection, it is documented. From the point of view of the research method, it is analytical-descriptive, and the data of the research were collected and analyzed using the seven-stage meta- Synthesis qualitative method of Sandelowski and Barroso. In order to identify the key managerial competencies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, the researchers systematically searched for researches related to these factors in 6 scientific databases: Science Direct, Emerald, Wiley, Sage, Taylor & Francis, Springer, as well as the Scopus citation database between 2010 and 2024. In the initial investigations, 107 sources were found, and after screening and validation and using the CASP tool, 18 articles were finally analyzed.

Based on the findings of the research, the key managerial competencies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution include six main competencies; There are individual, social, methodological, professional, technical and managerial competencies, and 225 sub-competencies.

Managers who work in the era of the fourth industrial revolution need different competencies to be successful, and the identified competencies model can provide a basis for selecting and appointing, evaluating performance, training and empowering managers.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the various dimensions and components in the performance evaluation of effective schools from the perspective of both domestic and international experts using a qualitative meta-synthesis method. The statistical population of the study includes relevant English books and articles from the years 2013 to 2022 and Persian articles from the years 1392 to 1402. The findings indicate that out of a total of 117 identified articles, after three stages of screening and content review, 39 articles were selected for final analysis. These articles were examined using the meta-synthesis method to identify the various dimensions and components in the performance evaluation of effective schools. The results showed that the performance evaluation of effective schools includes five dimensions: active participants such as effective managers, effective teachers, effective parent-teacher associations, and effective teaching and learning processes; components and elements of performance evaluation including setting standards and evaluation indicators, determining evaluation methods, identifying evaluators, defining areas of performance evaluation, selecting evaluation tools, scheduling, and conditions for conducting evaluations; principles and values of an effective school including alignment with Iranian Islamic criteria, wisdom, establishing balance and coherence, respecting educational actors, and foresight; and finally, the results of the evaluation include identifying the current and desired educational status.

Reflection and teaching are two inseparable concepts and the combination of these two has led to the formation of the concept of reflective teaching. In reflective teaching, teachers think about the entire teaching-learning process that takes place in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore different aspects of teachers' reflective teaching at school.

This study was conducted using Qualitative approach and Meta-Synthesis method. In the Meta-Synthesis, the seven-step method of Sandeliski and Barroso (2006) was used, which includes some processes like; setting research questions, systematic review, finding out and selecting basics, extracting and analyzing findings, analysis and synthesis, quality control and presenting meta-synthesis.

The research findings showed reflective teaching mainly has three aspects. One of them is the various dimensions of reflective teaching, including reflection before the act of teaching, during the teaching, and after the teaching. The second aspect refers to reflective teaching strategies like; observing own self-performance of teaching, students' feedback, action research, journalling, using portfolio, and collaboration with colleagues in teaching. The third and last aspect is related to the requirements of reflective teaching, which is included professional, personal, and socio-cultural factors.

The meta-Synthesis showed that teachers' reflective teaching in school is a complex and multi-dimensional practice. Teachers' reflection in reflective teaching is not limited to reflection before teaching, they reflect on the teaching and learning process during and after teaching. By using different strategies, teachers look at teaching and learning from different perspectives, including themselves, students, and colleagues. Of course, reflective teaching of teachers in school needs requirements such as personality factors, professional factors, and socio-cultural factors. For reflective teaching, teachers must have unique personality traits such as patience, criticism, and flexibility. Professional factors related to teachers' reflective teaching also include things such as how to face teaching and learning issues, providing learning opportunities, and how to communicate with students. Socio-cultural factors are another requirement of reflective teaching, which is related to the existence of a suitable social and cultural atmosphere for the interaction of teachers with students, the interaction of teachers with each other, and school staff.

The main goal of this research is to investigate the effective factors in internationalization at home for specialized universities. Internationalization is any sustainable and systematic effort with the aim of making higher education responsive to the needs and challenges related to the globalization of societies, economy and labor market, and the policies and measures undertaken by higher education systems and institutions. It refers to quality improvement, broad participation and promotion of international cooperation, increased competition and revenue generation through international student enrollment.

The current research is a meta-synthesis study that was conducted in 2024. The statistical population included all Persian and English articles published in the time frame of 2015 to 2024 regarding internationalization at home for specialized universities in the field of higher education. In this regard, the articles were searched and extracted through keywords and related databases. Finally, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria 12 articles were investigated.

Study findings were identified and classified in 6 overarching themes (curriculum and content, educational method and process, research and development, information technology, structure and infrastructure, and cultural dimension), 11 organizing themes (curriculum planning, course/lesson content, teaching method, instructor, learner/student, international research, skills and equipment, increasing access, structure, infrastructure provision and ethics and culture).

The process and approach of internationalization at home is taking place dramatically in many countries of the world. Now, considering the challenges and obstacles in internationalization at home, it seems necessary to review the packages for creating transformation and innovation in internationalization at home for specialized universities.

The current transformed world, affected by the growing urban population and human technological progress, has an upward and accelerating movement towards intelligence and the use of new technologies. This process in the educational system, due to the need for educational transformation, a necessity is occurring and undeniable. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and dimensions of intelligent education with a qualitative research method of systematic review in the literature. In the analysis of the extracted data. The method of analyzing the research findings through systematic review based on the aggregation of the coded codes, includes the identification of eight dimensions and 21 themes of intelligent education jointly in both general hardware and software of intelligent education. Accordingly, training in all its dimensions requires modeling and implementation of the intelligent process

The present research aims to identify the driving forces of the applied science higher education curriculum using a meta-synthesis method to design a future-oriented model for the applied higher education curriculum. In this study, 24 relevant research papers on the subject were extracted from various scientific databases from 2012 to 2023, which were analyzed using the 7-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso. By content analysis, related concepts and categories were extracted, and the importance and priority of these concepts were determined using Shannon's entropy method. Based on the research findings, 49 concepts were identified within 12 categories. The categories (skill development, classroom management, and content, teaching methods and patterns, instructor feedback, educational environment, assessment and evaluation, and teaching, occupational, political, cultural, environmental approaches) are ranked by their importance among the categories of the applied science higher education curriculum. The initial results of this research indicate that for designing a model in the applied higher education curriculum, attention must be paid to the driving forces of skill development, classroom management, content, teaching methods and patterns, instructor feedback, educational environment, assessment and evaluation, teaching approaches, occupational, political, cultural, environmental, and their influence and interdependence on each other.

The current research was studied and carried out with the aim of designing a teacher empowerment model at the level of the Islamic Revolution. The method used in this research was data-based in terms of meta-composite approach and in terms of research strategy. The research community was a collection of articles related to the teacher, which were done with the Islamic approach, the menus of the Supreme Leader and other thinkers, and the document on the fundamental transformation of education since 1990. The theoretical sampling method was carried out and 38 studies were collected around this concept, the validity of the journals was also evaluated by being indexed in the database (WOS) and having a high impact factor, and they were analyzed with the coding technique of Strauss and Corbin. In the findings of the research, the central category "Empowering the teacher at the level of the revolution" was identified with 3 components of commitment, expertise and belonging. Taking into account the causal, contextual, intervening conditions and empowerment strategies, finally the result of empowerment was to introduce a wise teacher who, through revealed rationality, does things from mastery and strength, and with a preventive and growth-oriented approach, seeks to design programs in addition to strength. They have flexibility to some extent and provide the ground for the existential excellence of more teachers.

The rapid penetration of technology has transformed all aspects of life and caused tremendous changes. Education, teaching, and learning, important aspects of people's social lives, have been greatly influenced by these developments and have developed with the growth of technology. Despite extensive research on the benefits and capacities of the e-learning environment, the teaching and learning process in this new environment is still challenging. This research gap prompted the researcher to study the framework of the teaching and learning process of elementary schools in the electronic platform. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions, indicators, and markers of the desirable teaching and learning process of the elementary school in the e-learning environment with a meta-synthesis approach.

According to the purpose, a qualitative research design of the meta-synthesis type was used. Research data were collected using the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). Therefore, the studies were searched in the desired time range in the databases (2010-2023). After screening the identified studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, among the 673 studies related to the research field, 40 studies, that directly examined the teaching and learning process of elementary school in the electronic platform, were selected in a purposeful way using the Critical Assessment Skills Program (CASP) and entered the analysis stage. At this stage, the data were analyzed through the thematic content analysis (TCA) method. To check the validity and reliability of the findings, the researcher's self-review criteria and the peer review method (the agreement coefficient of the evaluators) were used.

The in-depth analysis of previous studies resulted in the representation of 9 dimensions, 12 indicators, and 41 markers. Based on the research findings, the proposed model of the current research includes structured goals (setting goals based on the SMART model, setting goals based on Bloom's classification, defining goals by considering educational design components); standard content (compliance with SCORM model) and optimal content (personalized content, multimedia content, simulated content, categorized content, content with appropriate difficulty, relevant and coherent content); interactive teaching method (method based on digital storytelling, method based on digital game, collaborative virtual teaching, online questioning); empathic interactions (active conversation, establishing an emotional relationship, use of humor) and purposeful interactions (educational interactions, social interactions, supportive interactions); developmental assignments (zone of optimal confusion, scaffolding and assignments based on real issues); effective feedback (positive and encouraging feedback, corrective/interpretive, personal and immediate, fast feedback); quality time (planning and management of the time, special time for learning, flexibility in time); user-friendly technical platform (visual appeal, easy to use, proportional, interactive graphics) and the technical platform based on pedagogical principles (possibility of personalization and independence of learners, competences and technical qualifications of teachers and learners, providing opportunities for interaction and cooperation, appropriateness of educational platforms) and finally comprehensive evaluation (formative evaluation, e-tests, class survey, e-portfolio, peer evaluation). In this study, the highest frequency of extracted codes is assigned to the dimension of interactions, and it indicates that how to communicate in an e-learning environment is the most challenging issue in previous studies. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of considering appropriate criteria and indicators in the process of teaching and learning the elementary school in the electronic platform, and its proposed model with the provided coordinates could be used as a guide for planners and teachers to enrich their education with the requirements and requirements of the new environment and to take steps towards improving it.

The purpose of this research is to meta synthesize the research conducted on the capacities of family participation inhibitors in the formal and public education system.The qualitative research method is meta- synthesize type, the research community is a decade of research findings, that is, from 1390 to 1402, in which 30 articles were purposefully selected based on the research objectives. The tool of data collection is a fiche, which was classified, coded and analyzed at the same time as the information collection process.The findings indicate that the identified barriers are: governance barriers(with two key components of lack of national determination and lack of collaborative vision), legislation(weakness of laws and regulations), approach(hierarchical approach), structural(centralized) ), managerial(weakness of knowledge, attitude, insight and non-participatory management style), social(lack of social demands), economic(economic problem of families), parental(weakness of knowledge, attitude and insight of parents), school(school atmosphere), inhibitors Psychological(inconsistency of the adolescent's psychological characteristics with parents' participation) and informational barriers(lack of information and lack of information transparency) are among the barriers counted in this field. Since policy makers and planners are familiar with the obstacles of the family in the education system and is necessary and important. Therefore, adopting a comprehensive and integrated approach and moving away from a partial view of different aspects of education And a balanced approach to all aspects of the field of education is necessary and necessary.

The aim of this research is to identify and formulate a model of factors affecting the advancement of the higher education system through a meta-synthesis of previous studies. Data were collected by reviewing documents and scientific sources related to the research topic from 2019 to 2023. This study employed a qualitative approach with an interpretive methodology and content analysis technique, synthesizing 35 published texts focused on factors impacting the advancement of Iran's higher education system. Relevant keywords were searched in reliable scientific databases. The higher education system is a crucial component for the development of modern societies. This complex and professional system in the 20th and 21st centuries comprises multiple factors and components, each associated with various external influences, shaping the expectations for higher education. This complexity is exacerbated in developing countries due to developmental challenges and differing opinions on these components. To enhance the validity and reliability of the collected documents, they were coded separately, achieving a coder agreement of 81% according to the Miles and Heyerman (1994) formula. After analyzing the content, the study identified ten significant and new variables affecting higher education based on the Kesp model: individual factors, higher education programs, psychological dimensions, economic dimensions, political forces, technology, cultural, social factors, educational quality, and capacity building. An eight-hypothesis model was developed from this meta-synthesis.

Recent studies have investigated the concept of the ideal student due to its diverse interpretations in various educational and cultural contexts. Rather than pursuing perfection, this concept defines desirable attributes that foster individual growth within a diverse population. The present study aims to identify the expected attributes of ideal undergraduate students in higher education through a systematic review of global literature, promoting transparency in expectations and reducing inequalities. This research integrates and categorizes essential features of the ideal student, presenting new insights into student diversity. The ultimate goal is to guide future research and provide a comprehensive perspective on the evolving nature of the ideal student in higher education.

This study adopts an interpretative philosophical approach within a qualitative framework using PRISMA systematic review method. The search strategy was conducted across five primary databases, encompassing all studies conducted from 2000 to 2024, resulting in a selection of 187 studies. The study selection process included step-by-step procedures including search, selection, and qualitative evaluation of articles.

Ultimately, 17 full-text articles were purposefully selected, and qualitative content analysis of these articles identified 135 open codes categorized into 14 concepts and four key domains: personal, social, scientific, and professional attributes of the ideal student. This integration and analysis provide a comprehensive depiction of the ideal student who not only emphasizes academic achievement but also encompasses a broad range of diverse attributes. Five prominent features including enthusiasm for learning, critical thinking, motivation, self-regulation, and responsibility received the highest emphasis as key characteristics of ideal students.

The concept of the ideal student cannot be confined to a singular model but rather focuses on creating a multifaceted framework that accommodates diverse ideals. This paradigm shift in higher education emphasizes universal growth and transparency in expectations, necessitating the provision of flexible and inclusive learning environments for ideal students. This research serves as a foundation for future studies and the development of educational approaches that prioritize diversity and individual acceptance, thereby fostering environments that nurture the diverse capabilities of students.

Although previous studies have highlighted the challenges of implementing the cooperative learning approach, they have not addressed the implementation strategies of this approach in order to develop students' leadership skills. On the other hand, studies have shown that leadership skills can be taught to children, but they have not clearly revealed how this happens. The aim of this study is to combine the results of national and international studies in order to fill this research gap. Sandelowski and barroso method was used in this study. Data were coded through Atlas T software. In order to complete, modify and validate the data, the method of focus groups was also used. Based on the results of the present study, improving curriculum elements such as facilities, subjects, learning environment, teacher and student, and improving the attitude of stakeholders and stakeholders can provide the basis for the development of leadership skills in students. The results indicated the prominence of some skills such as creativity, problem solving, self-confidence, adaptability, empathy, criticism, and responsibility. Some skills, such as adaptability, acceptability of criticism, revealed new dimensions of leadership skills and were able to contribute to the development of knowledge in this field. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that developing leadership skills through cooperative learning approach in educational activities in the classroom environment is feasible.

Choosing managers in such a way that they can realize the missions and missions of educational systems is one of the serious and strategic issues and challenges of education. Therefore, it is necessary to know the effective and involved factors in the selection of school principals due to their meritorious selection and appointment. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the selection of school principals.

This research was a type of mixed research that was carried out in 1402 using the method of metacomposition and thematic analysis. In terms of purpose, it was applied-developmental and in terms of descriptive-survey method. In the first stage, by searching in various scientific databases, 357 primary sources were extracted in the period from 2000 to 2023, which were mentioned in the keywords of the research. Then, considering the desired criteria, the number of 34 articles and 7 experts were selected using the purposeful sampling method. The validity of the data was obtained by using the Kappa test of 79%. Next, selected sources were analyzed using the theme analysis technique and Max qda software.

The findings show 93 basic themes, 78 organizing themes and 13 overarching themes (competencies, skills, leadership, indigenization, stakeholders, power, collaborative management, experience, professionalism, spirituality, organizational commitment, accountability, networking), as effective factors on the selection of school principals in Iran. In order to prioritize the factors in terms of their importance, using the opinions of 7 experts from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and the General Department of Education of Khuzestan province, and using SPSS software (Friedman ranking), the mentioned factors were ranked.

The results showed that the factors of "networking", "core competency" and "stakeholders" have the highest degree of importance, respectively. So; Education planners and policymakers should pay special attention to three important factors in selecting and appointing school principals in addition to other factors.

It has been done with the aim of investigating students' participation in Iran's higher education.

This research was carried out with a qualitative approach, with an applied purpose and in a meta-synthesis method.Thematic analysis method was also used to analyze the data.

According to the findings of this research, students' participation in higher education has the dimensions of education, finance, culture, governance and research, and influencing factors such as university, professor and student were achieved.Barriers to students' participation in higher education were also identified, including personal, educational, cultural, and economic barriers, and this participation has consequences for professors, universities, and students.

Student participation in higher education has a great impact on academic actors and stakeholders. According to this survey, the biggest dimension of students' participation is related to the dimension of education, and increasing students' motivation and self-confidence is one of the most effective factors of their participation in this field; Also, one of the important obstacles to students' participation is the lack of skills necessary for activism in university dimensions, which can be provided for their active and effective participation by implementing skill training courses in various fields.