جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "فضای آموزشی" در نشریات گروه "علوم تربیتی"

One of the most important challenges facing education is to develop students' health and create a sense of attachment to the educational environment in them, which will lead to an increase in the quality of education and training. Architecture as a container of human behavior has a great impact on this matter. The organs of the building and the relationships that govern them are effective in the process of understanding, recognizing and then the way people respond to the environment. According to studies of mental health and environmental psychology, students quickly feel emotionally uncomfortable when dealing with certain educational spaces and feel homesick. People enter the attachment process faster with places in harmony with subconscious schemas. In this article, emphasizing the need for attachment to place in school design, this question is raised, recognizing cultural schemas in the collective subconscious of students and orienting them to design school architecture can increase students' mental health and promote a sense of attachment to educational places? The research method in this research is qualitative and analytical-descriptive. At first, the materials were collected in the form of library study, collect documents in the field of psychology and unconscious cognition and the stages of perception and cognition by it in the human mind, and then analyzed analytically. As a result, examining how students perceive space is effective in creating qualities such as "familiarity" and "identity." In this article, by looking at the category of the unconscious in the field of mental health and architecture and analyzing the collective unconscious schemas, it emphasizes the mechanism of its effect on how students recognize and interpret semantics. Collective help can help the cognition stage lead to the promotion of attachment to the place properly.

The purpose of this study is to identify physical and non-physical factors affecting the desired experience of primary school students in educational spaces in Isfahan, which is innovative in terms of the subject matter and the nature of children's life experiences of attending educational spaces. The methodology of the present article is based on mixed method that students' mental images and life experiences have been obtained using their drawings. Given the integration of the identifier and the subject of identification in this method, it can be considered a suitable way to represent and understand the life experience of children. A total of 192 drawings were classified by open coding method and analyzed by exploratory factor analysis by SPSS software. The results indicate that the five main factors affect the lived experience and students' mental image of the educational environment, which in order of priority include 1. Emphasis on building legibility; 2. Referring to various types of activities; 3. Emphasis on the overall appearance of the building; 4. Pay attention to natural factors and outdoor space and 5. Pay attention to the details of environmental-sensory stimuli.

Today,, creativity has become one of the hot topics in the field of children's development and has gained special importance in psychological studies and environmental design. Research emphasizes the impact of the child's environment on the development of his creativity. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and educational environment for children aged 2 to 10 years and identify and explain the environmental components affecting creativity, using an approach based on recognizing the physical and mental dimensions of the child and his needs as a user of the architectural environment. is. The present qualitative research, using exploratory method and qualitative content analysis, has identified the basic variables in the researches on the relationship between environment and children's creativity and has tried to investigate and summarize the relationships between them with logical reasoning. Since the results of this study are based on an analytical approach based on the theories of researchers and the results of previous research, it can be considered a qualitative meta-analysis. The results of this study show that the environment with characteristics such as sociability, sense of space, flexibility, diversity and complexity, security, stimulation, readability and communication with nature is effective in increasing children's creativity. Also, if the educational environment is designed in a way that the principles of environmental psychology related to the physical and mental condition of the child are observed, a suitable platform will be created for the flourishing and strengthening of the child's creativity.

The purpose of this study is to understand the physical components of aesthetics in educational spaces from the perspective of students and to explain the creativity model of elementary school students based on the physical components of aesthetics. The research design was a sequential exploratory combination with the aim of making tools. The research method in the qualitative part was Husserl descriptive phenomenology. The potential participants of this part were fifth and sixth grade students in elementary schools(15 student) of Shiraz. The participants were selected by purposive sampling approach with criteria technique and theoretical saturation. By in-depth semi-structured interviews and aesthetic perception from the educational environments. ; themes relating to the exemplary educational leader were extracted included 14 basic themes, 4 organizer themes and in the physical aesthetic perception of educational space was designed. The basic themes were color, light, window and curtain, size, shape, wall, floor and layout, green space, walls and yard, tuck-shop, drinking place and W.C. The 4 organizer themes included visual stimuli, physical features of the class, open court and equipment. In the strategy section, the network of exemplary physical aesthetic perception of educational space was prepared as an instrument for the quantitative part.To select the sample In quantitative section, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was implemented. Participants of this research were 191 individuals students. To gather data in this section, two questionnaires were used including a researcher made 30 item the physical aesthetic perception of educational space and Torrance A-form visual creativity test. The evidences affirmed the desired validity and reliability of the researcher made questionnaire and creativity test. The findings of statistical analysis demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between creativity and dimensions of visual stimuli and open court. The comparison of Beta coefficients indicated that among the visual stimuli, physical features of the class, open court and equipment dimensions, only visual stimuli was significant and positive predictor of the creativity and other dimensions didn't act out a significant predictive role. Based on the research, paying attention to create a basement for creativity among the elementary students by the terms of considering the physical components of aesthetics in the spaces of education is of focal importance and in line to this some practical suggestions have been mentioned at the end of research.

Recent research in education are focused on optimal designs for educational spaces in order to make them compatible with the contemporary socio-environmentally friendly concept of education. Accordingly, three major types of educational spaces are defined: linear (like Alborz and Firooz Bahram), introspective (such as Khan School in Shiraz and Khargerd Ghiasieh School), and religious (the likes of Agha Bozorg in Kashan and Salehiyeh in Qazvin). In comparing these three types of spaces, the relationship between classroom and external space, accessibility, physical and visual configuration, flexibility, and compatibility of educational space with the features of the special arrangement were measured and then analyzed in terms of the interaction between classroom and external space using appropriate models. The results have led to two models for special configuration in educational buildings in the future. The main feature of these models has been the maintenance of the strengths of both traditional and contemporary buildings in order to provide students with a flexible, accessible, nature-oriented, and visually appropriate environment.

From the perspective of environmental psychology, educational spaces are considered behavioral camps. Among the various components of this behavioral camp, classrooms can influence children's behavioral characteristics more than other spaces. Thus, from the classroom benches and how they are arranged in the space to the choice of classroom light and color, all have a special place in the interior architecture of learning environments (Kamelnia, 2010). Educational spaces are spaces that are used by students during the academic year for the teaching and learning process with the description of specific courses under the guidance and guidance of students with appropriate facilities and equipment and include theoretical, experimental and general classes. Theoretical class refers to a closed space used by a group of peers for the teaching and learning process through reading, writing and repetition under the guidance of a teacher with appropriate facilities and equipment. Experimental class refers to a closed space in which a group of students are guided by the teacher every year for the process of teaching and learning by doing practical work that is the basis of activities based on research and objective and experimental observation. General classroom refers to the educational space and package that the teaching and learning process does not require practical work and the curriculum is provided by the teacher to the students (Organization of the renovation, development and equipping of schools, 2013). Unfortunately, most of the educational spaces in the country's schools do not have the necessary compatibility with the psychological characteristics of children and adolescents, and in this regard, they can affect their social and behavioral performance, as well as their attitudes and perceptions towards education. The rules and standards for the design of educational spaces in all courses have been prepared by the Organization for Renovation, Development and Equipping of Schools and have been approved by the Vice President for Planning, and are currently the only reference available to architects and designers of educational spaces. ‌ (Tabaeian, 2011). If the school environment responds positively to the psychological and physical needs of students, users' focus on learning will increase and they will achieve the desired performance. Otherwise, improper design of the environment will cause dissatisfaction, fatigue and distraction of users. Unfortunately, many existing school buildings are not in good condition. This disadvantage includes old buildings with poor condition or new buildings that have not been built according to the correct principles of architecture (Tahertoloudel & Aminifar, 2016). The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between the views of students in public and non-governmental secondary schools with educational environment standards in Karaj. The research method is applied to the purpose and the method of data collection is descriptive-surveying. The statistical population includes 23192 secondary school students in secondary school in Karaj, selected by Multistage cluster sampling from 4 educational districts and 384 students were selected. The research tool was a researcher-made checklist for evaluating educational space and a researcher-made questionnaire for educational space adjusted to the standards of the School Renovation Organization . The educational environment includes dimensions, layout, light, color, location and temperature. Content validity was used to assess the validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The coefficient of reliability obtained for the survey scale is 0.910. According to the results of the checklist in the school environment, the standards for the desk and bench, classroom dimensions and the level of sound penetration into the classroom are not well considered. The color components of the desk and the bench are standard in all schools. Therefore, in these cases more attention has been paid to the required standards. The number of students in the class, the type of class arrangement, the coloring and the heating and cooling equipment are in most cases non-standard. The type of classroom, the number of class windows, the amount of natural light, the amount of light entering, the temperature, and the adjacent places are in most cases consistent with the standards of the teaching space. According to the students' opinions, the questionnaire of the type of table and bench survey and heating and cooling equipment is in most cases non-standard. The size of the classroom, the distance to the first row, the size of the classroom, the number of class windows and their dimensions, the amount of natural light, the amount of artificial light, and the amount of light entering are in most cases consistent with the standards of the teaching space. Therefore, in terms of the type of desks, benches, heating and cooling equipment, the non-standard and the number of windows in the classroom, the amount of natural light and the amount of light entering, are in accordance with the standards of the school renovation organization. In cases involving classroom temperature, window dimensions, adjacent locations, class layout and board type, students' opinions did not differ significantly from educational space standards, but with regard to number of students, board size, distance to first row, distance between rows, class coloring , Dimensions of the window, classroom temperature, and heating and cooling The students' views are independent of the educational space standards.According to the results it is better to pay more attention to the students' opinions in developing school education standards.This shows that less attention has been paid to the opinions of students in the development of standards. International standards in the field of educational space as one of the important sources for document preparation for the School Renovation Organization, a significant number of indicators do not correspond to the social, cultural, indigenous and climatic conditions of our country and this issue is reflected in students' opinions. Therefore, in preparing the standards of educational space by the Organization for Renovation, Development and Equipping of Schools, in addition to international standards, special attention should be paid to the culture of the country, religious issues, climatic conditions and students' opinions. New standards can be developed based on a holistic and realistic view that is more in line with the conditions and requirements of the country, which ultimately leads to the effectiveness of teachers and all education officials to improve the quality of education and improve the educational and behavioral performance of students.

The main purpose of educational systems is to nurture human beings and prepare their minds for learning. It has always been a stressful experience in the learning system, which can lead to serious problems for the health, performance and academic success of students if the level of stress is high and threatening. There are various factors that affect students' stress in universities, one of which is the environment. In the present study, stress is considered as a complex and dynamic interaction between human and its environment and the quality of educational spaces has been investigated by using environmental factors and factors affecting stress or reducing it. The present study was qualitative in the first stage, then by using Pearson coefficient, the correlation between two variables of stress and quality of students' learning was measured and Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to be -0.703, which indicates the negative correlation relationship between these two variables. Also, by recognizing the environmental criteria affecting the reduction of stress and disturbing learning factors, an attempt has been made to optimally design educational and learning environments.

The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the staffing and educational environment of preschool centers. The research method was quantitative and descriptive-survey. Questionnaire and checklist made by researcher were used for data collection. To check the face and content validity of the research tool, a questionnaire and checklist were provided to the professors (guides and consultants) as well as to several instructors and specialists and after completing the corrections and eliminating overlapping items, The sample was run. Its reliability was calculated after Cronbach's alpha for the Human Resources Questionnaire (0.96) and the Checklist (0.75). The statistical population of this study consisted of all 193 centers of preschools in Ahwaz city and 180 teachers were selected through stratified random sampling method and 176 centers for preschool centers. The results showed that the competencies of the coaches were at a good level. Demonstrated in educational, artistic, child development and managerial, managerial, child health, social, ethical, behavioral, intellectual, communication and environmental culture competencies but in technology and professional development competencies. Not desirable. The desirability of educational qualifications, professional development in non-government schools was higher than that of government, and the desirability of technological competencies in public schools was better than non-government. Analyzes showed the most desirable space and educational equipment related to "places to store children, adequate light and air, safety equipment, fire extinguishers and aids, class floors, equipped with public health facilities, and Personal hygiene, children s desks and chairs, and wardrobes or shelves for activity supplies and folders, equipped with educational boards, audio, video, religious supplies, picture boards, and educational supplies. Minimum space requirements and training equipment related to standard building space, hall for group games in cold seasons, suitability for design Children, Good quality of space, Learning in non-classroom space, Outdoor activities for sports, Gardening, Animal care, Children play, Use of bright and washable colors in wall painting, Class fit With the number of children, the equipment needed to develop mental and physical skills.

purpose of this research was analysis of the components of economic literacy of textbooks in the second grade of high school which was conducted by survey and Shannon entropy. The statistical population consisted of 120 teachers and 360 high school students in Amol city. The sample consisted of 60 teachers and 184 secondary school students which were selected using stratified random sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, content validity was obtained and test reliability was (0.91). Results showed the present status of the components of economic literacy in the goals of the program and the implementation is relatively favorable. Such as (the preservation and development of wealth, economy and livelihoods, business, idleness and unemployment, attention to entrepreneurship, lavishness and attachment, legalization and the transformation of occupation and profession). As well as independent T-results showed no significant difference between students and teachers. The results of Shannon entropy showed in Sociology textbook, the highest factor was the importance of the component of job and career transformation (3.05) and economy and livelihood (2.67) and the least component of idleness and unemployment (0) and entrepreneurship (0.38). In the economics textbook, the coefficient of importance of the component of wealth preservation and development with (12.12) was the highest and the components of extravagance (1.14), business (1.52) and entrepreneurship (1.90) were the least. Considering the role of method and goals of textbooks in student economic literacy, teachers and authors of textbooks must have the necessary attention to the components of economic literacy, Particularly to business, solvent acquisition, the maintenance and development of wealth and entrepreneurship.

This study has been done to assess the educational space condition and the correlation between the educational space and the educational performance of junior high school girl students in Karaj. The research method regarding the aim is functional and according to the collecting data is descriptive-correlative. Statistical community of the study involves 104 schools and 23192 junior high school girl students in Karaj. 10 schools and 384 students were selected by stratified random sampling. The instrument is the researcher-made list for educational space assessment and the educational performance questionnaire extracted from Dortaj standard questionnaire(1383).Construct validity was used for instrument validity and Cronbach Alpha was exerted for the reliability of the questionnaire. The amount of the reliability of educationl performance scale is 0.794. The condition of the educational performance was in the desirable level. There were significant correlations between natural light amount ,light direction, student number, board kind, visibility of writings on the board , thermal and cooler facilities,board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, and class color with educational performance or its components. Some components of the educational space consisting student number, board kind, board distance up to first row, board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, , class color, class windows number, class windows size, natural light amount, light direction, visibility of writings on the board, class temperature, and neribouring placesand the components of educational performance consisting emotional effects, planning, consequence control absence, and motivation had significant differences in public and non-public schools .

Context : The central parts of everybody's life includes learning. Learning is effected by environment that these environments themselves composed from elements that have different characteristics and qualities , so they are meaningful in relation with each other and will promote creativity.
The society of the survey is female students in high schools of Lahijan, that their number is 2641 and the sample size (according to the Morgan table), is 335 selected students.
Data analysis: The technique to gathering information of survey is the pocket of answer using range of Likert and data analysis with SPSS which uses factors analysis and testing of theories.
At the end, with emphasis on factors in creativity, design principles of educational facilities as below: 1) the flexibility of forms, 2) semi-open space, 3) variability of natural light and color, 4) architectural using of green space and natural materials and 5) changeable furniture; are presented that between these factors, variability of light with rate 0.84, has the largest portion in creating motivation that is one of effective factors in creation of ingenuity.

Creation of environmental privacy can prepare the grounds for physical, social and ethical development of girls and leads to an efficient and dynamic system. This research seeks to get a clear understanding of the factors that affect the issue of privacy and emphasizes the fulfillment of educational needs that provide girls with calm and tranquil educational environments. The data were analyzed through content analysis. Then, in order to measure the factors, a survey was used to collect the information needed for answering the research question. For this purpose, after studying the available sources, 25 factors contributing to privacy were extracted. Hypothesizing a positive relation between the dependent and independent variables, the opinion of the research population were studied using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 40 experts at Tarbiat Modares, Science and industry, Shahid Beheshti and Tehran universities. The effect and priority of extracted mental and physical components were measured by a Likert Scale. After omitting the half-completed questionnaires, the data collected from 17 experts were analyzed. Using Delphi and Shannon Entropy approach, the less important factors in the experts’ viewes were deleted for component moderation. Findings showed different effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Among the mental components, security and sense of belonging and among the physical components, hierarchy, boundary, inner and outer relations and introversion were the most important factors affecting the improvement of privacy in educational environments.

The present study aims to explore and analyze criteria for designing the available educational spaces in pre-school centers and schools and their setting based on the Multi-dimensional Curriculum the application of the standards of this curriculum and applied both qualitative as well as quantitative approaches. The statistical population of the qualitative investigation consists of available documents for these standards and as for the quantitative investigation، all the pre-school centers and schools of the 3rd educational area of the city Karaj having the multi-dimensional curriculum in the academic. The study applies the random sampling. As for the documentation of the process، the centers using the curriculum were observed. Adding the standards to the physical ones can cover many of educational limitations in the present non-standard spaces by virtue of the curriculum and also serves as a must in the educational space designing based on the new areas of the present study. What is emphasized by the study is to consider the capacities of multidimensional curriculum programming for the optimal use of physical facilities and limitations as well as enrichment of learning opportunities through the lens of programming in educational space design. In spite of physical space limitations، Pre-school centers based on multidimensional curriculum programming have been successful in developing skills in children which other centers especially elementary schools were not able to do so. The findings revealed a meaningful and positive relationship between the criteria for designing the educational spaces based on the curriculum for several pre-school terms but as far as the school is concerned، the space is not so based on the multi-dimensional curriculum i. e.، either it does not have the criterion defined based on the multi-dimensional curriculum، or it is rare.

With due regard to the importance of education and its determining role in qualitative promotion of university, the present research has been conducted with the aim of identification of educational factors which may effect the quality of education in an attempt to comparatively study the influence of some of these factors on quality of education provided in Master’s Degree program.This research sample includes 110 faculty members and 140 students of Master’s Degree of Faculty of Science and Technology of Shahid Beheshti University and Sharif University of Technology. Independent TTest and Variance Analysis were used for analysis of data. The obtained results showed that is useful in quality of education using the practical criterion in faculty selection, student selection, teaching method, organization of educational content, organization of educational space and class evaluation. Furthermore, the faculyt members had no dispute over the influence of the said six educational factors on the quality of education based on sex, the place of receiving degree, scientific rank and faculty rank. There was also no difference among the opinions of students regarding the field of study and faculty. But with due regard to the average of results (3.69) it was concluded that the female students are more aware of the effect of these factors on the quality of education more than male students. Also faculty members and students of both universities acknowledged that using the practical criterion in selection of lecturer and teaching method influence the quality of education more than any other educational factor.There was no difference between the opinions of faculty members and students of Master’s Degree of Faculties of mathematics, chemistry, physics, electronics and computer of both universities. This means that they considered that these factors influence the quality on an equal manner.