جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « orientation » در نشریات گروه « علوم تربیتی »

This Study aims to look into the evolution and revision of higher education curricula Post September 11, 2001. The study used a qualitative research method with an historical lens. The investigator shows the evolution of reviewing higher education curricula in 21st century from an analytical perspective. The study uses archival analysis primarily research publications and  documents related to higher education curricula available online and printed in digital sources.The finding show that the higher education curriculum in Afghanistan has gone through different phases. The data suggest that the curriculum experience show a transition from a relatively irregular curriculum planning system before September 11 to a centralized curriculum system post September 11 leading towards opinion polls and the delegation of some autonomy for curriculum to prestigious universities.The study found that 165 majors were identified that needed to be reviewed;among them, the curriculum of 71 fields of study have been revised to date

The present study was conducted to investigate the typology of orientations of primary school teachers towards virtual education during the Coronavirus pandemic. To this end, the qualitative approach of descriptive phenomenology was used. The research population included all primary school teachers in Qeshm, of whom 31 teachers were selected as the sample by purposive and theoretical sampling. The research tool consisted of semi-structured interviews. The criterion for selecting the participants was having at least three years of teaching experience in the face-to-face education before the pandemic. Data was analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step coding. To validate the findings, two strategies of member check and peer debriefing were used. According to the findings, the types of orientations of primary school teachers towards virtual education were as follows: Avoidant-harmful, deficit-insufficient, contingency-realistic, and supportive-experimental. Findings showed that the factors of role image, educational context, and structural, and infrastructural barriers have played a significant role in the formation of this orientation.

The present article is a research in the way of providing solutions to improve political education in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei. The main question of the article is, what are the ways to improve political education in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei?

This research has been done with a qualitative method through thematic analysis. The statistical community includes all the Supreme Leader's statements about political education. Examples of Supreme Leader's statements based on strategies for promoting political education have been extracted.

The findings show that the strategies for improving political education can be identified in the form of three dimensions based on cognitive, orientation and behavior. Most of the solutions are envisioned in the cognitive stage, which is possible with educational methods and knowledge improvement of the organization's employees. In the second stage, it is possible to improve the orientation solutions of employees in the form of skill enhancement through workshops and lectures. In the final stage, in order to improve the political behavior of the employees, within the organization, it is necessary to move towards culturalization and institutionalization.

This research was conducted with the aim of designing the model of professional orientation of students of public universities in Tehran.

In this research, the worldview of social constructionism and the qualitative method of content analysis have been used. Since the results of the current research can be used by higher education organizations, this research is of applied type. The statistical population includes professors and experts of public universities in Tehran. The professors and policy makers and scientific experts in the public universities of Tehran were considered as samples. The sampling method is a targeted method of exceptional cases in which the opinions of eminent and knowledgeable professors with experience and university presidents were used. A semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data, and a systematic and hermeneutic three-step method was used to analyze the data.

After analysis, all the findings were divided into different axial and selective factors, which resulted in the formation of the components of the professional orientation model. The findings indicate that the effective factors and components in the formation of students' professional orientation are 5 selective factors and 17 axial factors. The selective factors include the role of family, government, curriculum planners, students and university professors.
Discussion and

The findings indicate that the formation of professional orientation starts from the very beginning in the family and evolves throughout people's lives. The most important factors obtained include the role of student’s personality traits, motivation, level of interest, level of talent, and level of awareness, as well as the role of the family, the level of culture and awareness and education of the family, the role of the government and its policies and plans, the role of university professors, the role of curriculum planners and the quality of curricula. These factors can affect the professional orientation of students.

The purpose of this research is to explain the implications of Quranic anthropology in the field of education content.
In terms of its objectives the current research is of a fundamental-applied research type and its method is inferential.
Findings and Humans have knowledge, tendencies and the ability to act. Awareness is repulsive and indeterminate and action is gradual and definite, which strengthens and weakens tendencies. Action affects consciousness through tendency and directly. Knowledge can lead to doing or abandoning an action if it is tied to a tendency and is acted upon through that tendency, or if that knowledge is based on certainty and belief of the heart. Output actions have a greater impact on humans than input actions. In compiling the content, attention should be paid to its coherence, the extent and manner of using cognition and action, its compatibility with natural interests and desires. It is also necessary to emphasize the activeness of self-confidence (focusing on outputs) and self-control and self-evaluation in the way of presenting the content. The general titles of the cognitive and practical content under the components listed in the ultimate goal of education and training, which are: acquiring the ability to manage tendencies (transition from superficial and unstable tendencies to deep and stable tendencies with the instructions of the guardian and the program of religion) is achieved in the context of the life of the world.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cause of students' tendency to tuition mathematics books. The methodology of study is based on mixed method (explanatory). The statistical population of study include high school students Kahnuj city (6000) and mathematics teachers of Kahnuj and Jiroft cities. In the section of quantitative, 361 high school students and in the section of qualitative, 22 teachers were selected from Kahnuj city (15) and Jiroft city (7) with purposive sampling method. From questionnaires (students) and interview (teachers) was used for data collection. The questionnaire study was designed that validity of its questions was confirmed by five people and the reliability was calculated 0.75 by Cronbach's alpha. In the analyses of quantitative and qualitative, to analyze the perspectives of teachers and students were used exploratory factor analysis and conventional content analysis. The six and seven factors were obtained by the perspectives of students and teachers, all factors of the perspective of the students were confirmed by the perspective of teachers. From the perspective of teachers and students obtained the factors of student, teacher, school, parents, textbooks, the kind of teaching of tuition books and entrance exam, these factors were effective in students' tendency towards tuition books. So, it is the necessary that to make changes in the the problem of textbooks, students' belief systems, libraries of schools, the percentage of the impact of the entrance exam on student admission, raising parents' awareness and teachers' professional knowledge, so that instead of inducing Create a spirit of memorization and superficiality in textbooks, a spirit of discovery, reasoning and thinking in students.

The aim of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of orientation and mobility training program on psychological well-being of blind students in Isfahan. This research is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. Twenty-four blind students were randomly selected from a school for the blind in Isfahan. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and each group consisted of 12 students (6 girls and 6 boys). The experimental group participated in orientation and mobility training in 8 sessions (two sessions per week), while the control group did not. The Ryff (1989) Psychologıcal Well-beıng Scale (PWBS) was used to assess all participants. Data were analyzed using multiple analysis of covariance with SPSS version 26. The results showed that the experimental and control groups had a significant difference in the variable of psychological well-being. Indeed, the orientation and mobility program had a positive significant effect on psychological well-being and the subscales of autonomy, environmental control, personal growth, positive communication with others, and self-acceptance in blind students (P<0.001). Since the orientation and mobility program training improved the psychological well-being of blind students, the planning of such training programs as the orientation and mobility program plays an important role in the well-being of blind students.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of orientation and mobility education on increasing self-efficacy and self-expression of visually impaired students. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test.

The sample size consisted of 26 students with visually impaired in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample group was divided in two groups of control (13) and experimental (13). Self-efficacy and self-expression were evaluated by Sherer’s Self-efficacy Scale (1982) and Gambler-Verichi’s Expression Questionnaire (1982). Orientation and Mobility teaching was conducted through “Guidebook for Orientation & Mobility” printed by Exceptional Education Organization, in eight sessions. To analyze the results, descriptive statistics and then multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) were used.

The results indicated that Orientation and Mobility (O&M) program increased self-efficacy in the experimental group versus the control group. The O&M program also increased self-expression of the test group against the control group. O&M skills were significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group.

The results of this study showed that teaching O&M skills to students who are visually impaired, increased their self-efficacy and self-expression and improved their living conditions.

Economists use human capital as a black box in their models, regardless of the content. It does not have the necessary importance and effectiveness for policy development of higher learning and employment of higher education graduates. Therefore, this study aimed to reopen this black box and analyze its content theoretically and experimentally. To achieve this goal, first the concept of human capital is redefined, its content is identified and the relationships of its components are theoretically analyzed; then, the conceptual framework obtained from this process has been used for statistical analysis of the content of human capital of graduates of Persian literature. A researcher-made questionnaire collected the required data from a sample of 100 graduates in the field. Partial structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The findings of theoretical analysis indicate that individual human capital is a dynamic ecosystem; Health, skills in mental processes (feeling, perception, learning, thinking, evaluation, judgment, inclination and memory), psychological capacities (motivation, emotion and excitement) and intellectual abilities (information, knowledge, insight, attitude, wisdom, value and insight) are its most important components. The structure and function of this ecosystem bring professional and skillful behavior and performance to the individual. The development of human capital means the activation and development of the human capital ecosystem in them. Statistical analysis of the content of human capital of graduates of Persian literature indicates that the human capital of these people is not structurally compatible with the conceptual framework. Improving learning skills and increasing the availability of specialized knowledge affects the operational skills of graduates of the field; other processes and cognitive and metacognitive capabilities do not adequately help each other and improve graduateschr('39') operational capabilities. To develop human capital in students, simply providing information and knowledge to them is not enough. Universities must activate and develop the human capital ecosystem in them. Unfortunately, statistical analysis shows that literature departments and faculties Persian in Iran have not been able to activate the human capital ecosystem in their graduates and develop their human capital.

Non-verbal learning disorder (NLD) is a disorder in which children are deficient in motor skills in addition to cognitive impairments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of motor based cognitive rehabilitation on orientation and neuropsychological symptoms in children with NLD. The present study followed a quasi – experimental (pretest- posttest with control group) design. The research population included all children with NLD in Bafgh city from which 30 children were selected through available sampling and then randomly were assigned to an experimental group (15 students) and a control group (15 students). The research instruments consisted of a neuropsychological Conner, Oseretsky and Goldestain questionnaire. Motor based cognitive rehabilitation program was done in 10 sessions. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in SPSS. The results of the study showed that attention, memory, cognition and executive function of the experimental group improved after intervention (p < 0/001). Also improvement in Orientation after intervention was observed (P<0/01). The results of the statistical analysis showed that motor based cognitive rehabilitation can improve neuropsychological and orientation in NLD children.

Orientation and mobility is the most important factor in independence and social participation of people with visual impairment. The main mode of independent mobility and orientation is using white cane. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mobility and orientation using white cane and mental health and personality traits among individuals with visual impairment in Tehran, Iran

For this purpose, a correlation design was used. In this study 41 visually impaired persons from rehabilitation centers and university students in Tehran were selected by purposive sampling. Orientation and Mobility Inventory, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) in the form of structured and semi-structured interview were utilized. Finally, using correlation, multiple regression analysis and t and F tests data were analyzed.

Lying Scale (tend to improve your show) of EPI factors were correlated with orientation and mobility component. Also, problems in Iinterpersonal Sensitivity (feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, particularly in comparison to other people), Depression (clinical depression) and the score of Positive Symptom Total (PST) of SCL-90-R factors, were best predictors of orientation and mobility component. The differences between varying levels of employment and tunnel vision in terms of mobility and orientation component found.

The results indicated that the role of mental health and personality traits on mobility and orientation is confirmed. However, as provided by improving the conditions of employment for people with visual impairment can imagine a better performance in mobility and orientation for them

Reading disorder comprises perceptual, cognitive and linguistic dimensions continues until adolescent and adulthood. This paper investigated the effectiveness of orientation and symbol mastery upon quality of reading in dyslexic boy students. This is an experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and a control group. From the statistical population, 30 boy dyslexic students of 3rd grade were selected by multi stage random cluster sampling and divided into experimental and control group. The instruments of the research were Wechsler’s children intelligence scale and Kariminoori and Moradi reading test and dyslexia. Orientation and symbol mastery on the base of Dave’s Dyslexia correction of reading was trained in thirty-minute 16 sessions. Result from multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) showed that orientation and symbol mastery training resulted in improving reading of dyslexia students. According to the results of the research, it can be said that the intervention of positioning and domination of the symbol can be effective in how to read dyslexic people.

This study has compared the goals and objectives of orientation and mobility (O&M) curriculums in Iran and America. The Bereday’s comparative method was used in this research. Initially the goals were defined and interpreted based on two criteria including the level of generality and the level of coverage and then they were compared by juxtaposition. The study found that American O&M curriculum has 41 functional mobility tasks with 38 goals and 270 objectives solidly based on the student's needs in five different environments: home/living, campus, residential, commercial and public transportation. Furthermore, some of these goals were also devoted to low vision students. Iranian O&M curriculum had only developed 10 goals and 75 objectives exclusively for blind students, ingnoring their surrounding environment. American O&M curriculum with specific goals and objectives provides numerous opportunities for blind as well as low vision students to learn O&M skills through a meaningful learning environment extremely helpful in their daily lives.

Tendency in beauty as well as loving beauty is one of the aspects of human existence and it is confirmed by ayahs and traditions as well as behaviors of the Innocents. Therefore, luxury and beauty is not bad. But extremist tendencies to luxury, finery and targeting it in life are denounced in Islam. Luxuryـorientation in this definition means interest to luxuries and attention to the appearances of life. Forgetting god, extreme interest to life, ingratitude, consumerism, bankruptcy and debt, self ـglorification, avarice, inappropriate benchmarking prevalence, not participating in charity are of the cultural damages of this tendency. Attention to the goal of creation, benchmarking prevalence from the Innocents, strengthening the religious beliefs and moral values such as asceticism and piety, contentment and selfـrespect, moderation and also thinking of the outcome of luxuryـorientation are among the solutions to confront luxuryـorientation.

The aim of this study is to explain the evolution and reform in the curriculum system of higher education after the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The considered survey is historical that has tried to take advantage of the resources and documents available, and present full review of higher education curricula The method used in this research is qualitative. The research areas of all texts were research and documents relating to the higher education curriculum of print and digital resources in libraries, databases, magazines, and e-book available to use and tools used to gather information related to the topic of survey were short papers, that all were made by the researchers. The results show that after the Islamic Revolution reveals that the curriculum in higher education system has gone through different orientations. An experience of academic curricula periods before and after the Islamic Revolution caused the transition from a relatively independent system of curricula (pre-revolution) to the extreme focus (after the revolution) and eventually, the relative authority for academic programs (the latter program's economic, social and cultural) to the transfer of full authority to the curricula of the universities audit board.

Imam Ali (peace be upon him) divides the science into two kinds of "heard" (Masmu') science that is heard from outside and "desirable" (Matbu') science which is the outcome of intellect. Accordingly, thought-orientation and memory-orientation are considered two main approaches dominating the methods of teaching. Although today thought-based methods are emphasized, memory- orientation is considered as one of the extensively used approaches. Using a descriptive-analytical method and emphasizing on Imam Ali' views, the present paper investigates the important role of knowledge and intellect in education by defining them and underling the relationship between them to make explicit in order the status they have and the differences between them. Then it defines these two dominating approaches and the methods they adopt. Although the investigation indicates the superiority of using rational education in teaching it proves that the method based on repetition and memory-orientation should not be completely rejected.

Among the subjects which have been the special concern of educationists are the nature of model and its role in education. There have been so many novel discussions on the importance of model and only few discussions on the role of model in cherishing the values and how values influence trainees, especially the youth. The present paper studies the role of model in cherishing the values. Dividing methodology into two kinds: model-related and target group, and elaborating on the components of each of them, the author presents a new idea in this regard. The importance and significance of modeling has a process whose pace and soundness are contingent upon the attention given to these components and their practical application. The author uses an intra-religious (textual) approach and analytical-logical method in this research.

The purpose of this study was educational needs assessment of blind primary schools students in orientation and mobility skills. 55 number of tehranian blind primary schools students' teachers and parents include female and male were selected as the study sample. The survey on teachers and parents' viewpoint in needs assessment was based on three question as following: educational needs of orientation and mobility skills, needs priorities, and differences in male and female students' needs. The results indicated that there are not any similarities between male and female needs, of course by exception of self–care skills without sighted guide. The most differences between genders are seen in using Cane skills. Teachers and parents suggested among 38 educational needs, 15 and 22 numbers in order are strong needs. Finally the survey proposed there are not any differences between blind primary male and female students' educational needs from the view point of parents and teachers.