جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "safety" در نشریات گروه "تربیت بدنی"

The purpose of this study was to compare the problems of sports tourism tours in domestic and foreign events. Purposeful and theoretically saturated sampling was done and in a quantitative part by descriptive-survey method that the statistical population of domestic tours tourists 320 people by Morgan table method and available sampling and tourists of foreign events tours 100 people by random access method was selected and used The researcher-made questionnaire was taken from the combination of the qualitative section and the research background, which had 45 items in the form of 8 factors, as well as the validity and reliability of the qualitative and quantitative sections. According to the findings of the quality sector, eight factors of transportation, infrastructure, culture, safety and security, ticket sales, management, economy and accommodation were identified as problems of sports tourism tours in domestic and foreign events. In the quantitative section, the identified factors were ranked according to the factor, managerial, cultural, safety and security factors, ticket sales, economy, accommodation, infrastructure and transportation, respectively. Also, the comparison of the two groups of sports tourism tours in domestic and foreign events showed that ticket sales, transportation, economic, safety and security factors in the group related to domestic events tourism tours and managerial, residential and cultural factors in the group related to events tourism tours foreign sports are of the highest importance.

It is very necessary to safety management of pools by considering appropriate considerations and following strict hygienic guidelines, especially in critical situations. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to design a model of safety management of swimming pools in the condition of hygienic crises, with an emphasis on the Covid-19 crisis. The current research had an exploratory nature, and was implemented a qualitative method. The statistical population of the research consisted of 15 members of the academic staff, some members of the swimming federation and the lifeguard federation, pool managers and hygienic engineers; who were selected purposefully and using the snowball technique. The data from the in-depth interviews were analyzed with a constructivist (Charmas) grounded theory approach. Based on findings, 232 final codes, 37 subcategories and 12 main categories approached and were explained by theoretical coding and relationships between components. In this multi-layered model, pool safety is the main variable and the goal of this research. Categories of system factors, hygienic factors, improving knowledge, The policy of government organizations and institutions, organizational factors, and standardization are in the outer layer and the categories of smoothing the path of hygienic, attention to customers, crisis management, the support of government organizations and institutions, increasing efficiency, increasing effectiveness with the aim of maximum safety of the pools are located in the inner layers of the model. According to the model, each of these factors can affect each other and be influenced by each other. This model shows that to create safety management in swimming pools, the dimension of the internal and external aspects of hardware and software can be effective.

The purpose of this study was to theorize and designing a model of physical activity of Iranian women in leisure time at different stages of life. The research method was Grounded Theory, systematic approach. Sampling was also theoretical. Data analysis was performed through continuous "questioning" and "comparison". In order to achieve saturation while reviewing about 300 research articles, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 136 Iranian women aged 7-78 who were regularly participate in physical activity in addition to 17 mothers and 6 fathers. At the end of the open coding stage, 12 main categories were identified and physical activity was selected as the central category. At the end of the selective coding stage, a conceptual model for the whole life stages and a diagram of the amount of physical activity in different stages of life were designed. The main differences between the conditions of Iranian women for physical activity in different stages of life were also identified. Findings showed that mother in childhood, father in adolescence, personal motivations in adolescence, fear in middle age and children in aging stage are the most important drivers of Iranian women to do physical activity. It was also found that the level of physical activity of Iranian women in different stages of life fluctuates for various reasons, so that at the end of childhood is at its highest and at the time of "reproduction and child care" and "old age" is at its lowest.

In the 21st century, Health, Safety, Environment (HSE) issues have become an integral part of every business and organization. A healthy lifestyle is created in a healthy environment, free from pollution and disease. On the other hand, the concept of sustainable development has emerged these days with the aim of overcoming social, economic and environmental concerns. This research was conducted with the aim of introducing effective factors in promoting health, safety, and environment in sports venues and the necessary strategies for its implementation.

This research was conducted using a qualitative method and a thematic analysis approach, which was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in nature. The statistical population consisted of all professors and experts in the field of physical education and sports sciences with scientific and executive experience in the field of HSE and sports venues. Sampling was done in a purposeful way, and theoretical saturation was done with 19 interviews. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools.

The thematic analysis led to the extraction of 276 codes, 34 sub-categories, and 7 main categories. The findings showed that education, strategy, management, human resources and resources, health, green management, and monitoring and evaluation improve the level of HSE in sports venues.

In general, the use of the main and subcategories mentioned in this research can be useful solutions for improving the level of health, safety and environment, which can help the senior managers of sports venues.

One of the most important issues for the stadium audience is safety and security, which has made it more urgent to pay attention to what has happened in the past and the high risks. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effective safety and security factors in stadiums with an aggressive approach to preventing spectators from competing in football leagues.The research method is qualitative and exploratory. The sampling method is non-random and purposeful sampling. The face and content validity of the interview questions were evaluated and approved by 6 sport management professors and then by 14 experts in the field including sport management elites, specialists and managers. Football and law enforcement staff and security officials were interviewed and continued to theoretical saturation, with data analysis through open coding (component or badge), pivotal (subordinate) and selective (key factors) in this study) Was performed. Based on the findings of the present study, a total of 32 safety and security indices were identified which consist of three main factors (service, control and special circumstances) and eight sub-factors of the main factor. According to elite and soccer experts, safety and security factors (stadium facilities, tickets, physical inspections, security measures, high-risk events and conditions) have an impact on preventing aggression in football spectators.

The aim of this study was to determine the causal relationships of criteria for sustainable development of H3SE-based sports venues using the DEMATEL technique. This research was a descriptive survey and its statistical population included the managers of sports venues in Isfahan, from which 17 people were selected by snowball sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Questionnaire indices were selected from the criteria of H3SE sustainable excellence model. In this study, the DEMATEL technique implementation algorithm was used to analyze the data. The results showed that in the H3SE system, safety sports facilities are the most effective and after the criteria of health and ergonomics, safety, environment and social responsibility are in the next positions. It is also a measure of the security of those affected. In addition, safety, health and ergonomics criteria had the most interaction with other criteria studied and environmental and social responsibility criteria had the least interaction. Finally, in the H3SE system, sports, safety, and ergonomic sports venues were causal variables and security, environment, and social responsibility were disabled variables. According to the results of the research, it seems that safety, health and ergonomics have a critical and irreplaceable role in the sustainable development of sports facilities, so it is necessary to pay more attention to the managers of sports facilities than other criteria.

Shooting with an Iranian national and religious sport bat, with an ancient history, is a requirement for this sport to be safe and observant. The study is to compare the safety and standard of shooting places of archery in Tehran with international standards. This descriptive study is applicable. The statistical population was all shooting places of archery in Tehran. Due to the small size of the statistical population, 16 samples were examined in total. The evaluation was carried out by a researcher-made checklist, prepared in accordance with the rules and standards of the relevant international federation. In this checklist, 27 indicators were evaluated. The validity of the checklist was confirmed by the professors and its reliability was above 0/9. Data collection lasted one month, which was suitable for this study. Data analysis was done by SPSS software and Friedman test. The theoretical mean of this research was evaluated by 3 and 27 indicators of identification.  The results of this study showed that among these 27 indicators, 19 are below the theoretical average and in a weak or very weak position, and 8 indicators are above the theoretical average and in a good or very good position. Also, sports venues in shooting places of Tehran is in a poor condition and far from the World Archery and JBRC Governorates. It is hoped that the checklist will be used to evaluate and standardize the sports venues of this field.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of risk management in school sport activities. The method of this study was descriptive and applied in terms of objectives conducted as a field. The population of the study included school headmasters and sport teachers in Qazvin province (N=132). According to the purposive sampling method (schools with sport facilities), 96 subjects including 39 school headmasters and 57 sport teachers participated in the research. The Risk Management Questionnaire (1995) by Garry was used to collect data after translation, localization and confirmation of face and content validity (using experts’ viewpoints) and reliability (α=0.74). Data were analyzed using one-sample t test and independent t test. The results showed that the risk management in sport in Qazvin province schools had the worst status in safety of equipment and facilities, transportation and compliance with legal aspects and had the best status in compliance with laws and regulations, parental satisfaction and supervision and training (P≤0.05). Therefore, it is suggested that education authorities should provide a risk management plan to reduce the risks of sport activities at schools.

Attempting to improve the effective and efficient usage of various resources and facilities such as labor, capital, energy, plants, equipments of the mission, management and main purpose of organizations and institutions’ managers. F It is a descriptive- comparative research. In terms of purpose, it is applied, while in terms of the data collection methodology, it is of the field study type. The statistical sample is consisted of 19547 students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 1392-93 of whom 385 individuals were selected as the research representatives according to Morgan table and simple random sampling method. In order to perform data collection, two questionnaires were used, i.e. the investigation of the features of workers sports facilities standard questionnaire (1388) and the description of the productivity status of workers sports facilities (1388). Descriptive statistical tests such as mean, standard deviation and mean score were used in order to analyze the research data, while Friedman statistical test was used for ranking the variables. Results showed that in general, the Ferdowsi University’s gyms, cafes and spectators’ seats had the highest ranks in comparison with other features. In addition, the conditions of parquets, surfaces and walls had the lowest mean ranking. In terms of productivity, results indicated that the best and the weakest conditions are the labor productivity and the users’ facilities productivity, respectively. According to the number of the students of this university,

Bandura emphasized that the behavior of individuals is subject to the conditions of the environment, individual position and characteristics. The purpose of this study was to provide a model of the role of personal, environmental and perceived safety factors on the citizens' walking intention. The present research is a survey research. The statistical population of all citizens in the 8th district of Tehran. 384 people were selected by available sampling method and participated as a sample in this study. To study the data of the study, use structural equation method. The results of study showed that individual, environmental and safety factors affect the intention of walking citizens. The results of the research also showed that the research model has a good fit. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that immunization of urban spaces and enhancing the security of sport areas are closely related to the improvement of sport-related behaviors including walking.

The general purpose of the study was to analyze the state of affairs and the effects of risk in the Volleyball World Volleyball Championships using the FMEA model.

The research method was descriptive using mix method. For data gathering, exploring, prioritizing and classifying the risks, we made a researcher-made questionnaire (24 q) after the acritical studies and semi-structural interviews, that expert certified its content validity. Also for weighting the three main factors of FMEA: Occurrence, Effects and Detect probability, AHP was used, and Inconsistency rate was 0/00864. The statistical population was Experts of risk management and Executive managers of VWL; 22 participants.

Analyzing hierarchical analysis showed that the intensity of impact index with the weight of 0.636 was the most important component of the three factors of the model (FMEA) and finally, each of the risks based on the amount (RPN), from the highest to the lowest The most amount they achieved was prioritization, and for every risk they were given.

According to the results of the research, the most important identified risk is "population entry more than salon capacity". To this end, it is recommended that the volleyball federation, based on expert advice, including (ticket sales based on the capacity of the hall / barring people without tickets / supervising the work of ticket vendors / using trained police forces to prevent crowds Of possible capacity) to control the most important identification risk.

Today, creating a safe environment for sporting activities is an important and vital issue. The present qualitative study with the aim of designing a safety model in sports was conducted using Glacerian Grounded theory which is a data-based theory. To this end, on the basis of snowball technique, 25 experts in safety and sport management participated in this study. They participated in an unstructured in-depth interview. Data obtained from the interview were analyzed by using a set of open, theoretical, selected, note taking and classifying codes simultaneously. Results showed that professional and committed management could be regarded as the main factor and safety culture, Specialized competence, legal and ethical requirements (responsibility, abiding by ethics and law), safety instructions, complying with health requirements, positive environmental approach, physical, mental and individual equipments, ergonomics, sporting sites and buildings, and standard sporting facilities, medical actions and emergency services are other important factors needed to be taken into consideration. Information technology (IT) and communication are also two other factors worth mentioning in safe sporting. According to sporting safety model, it is recommended that we consider the role of different factors in safe sporting activities in order to prevent injuries. It is also suggested that we should take reasonable actions to improve safety in sports. By paying enough attention to essentials and factors which promote the safety in sporting activities, we can achieve safety in sporting, hence preventing the sporting injuries.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the state of safety o f safety of buildings and installations in Iranian professional league in the ninth league. Examples of research are equal to society which is consisting of all 16 host stadiums of professional league in championship season 88-89. The check list of this study was based on the standards of Asia Football Federation. The stability of the check list is based on the Cronbach's Alpha (α=0/93). Using descriptive statically methods (median, diagram and frequency percent) and illative (one sample test) to elaborate the information, all the data have been gathered by appearing in the stadiums. The results demonstrates that host stadiums of the ninth league in buildings and installations indicator were 0/65 safe and FooladShahr stadium in Esfahan with having 0/92 safety was considered to be the safest and Takhti stadium in BandarAnzali with having 0/36 as the least safe stadium among the others. It is considered that there is a noticeable positive discrepancy between the mean index of immunity and the average of society. According to the outcomes of the present study, it is suggested that first: specialist football stadiums should be established considering the international standards. Second: more attention is needed to the minimum capital requirements of football of country meant spectators. Also when rebuilding the present stadiums, in order to spend more honors to the spectators and also a suitable view for them, fences around the ground should be removed.

Sport facilities and equipment are important tools for a safer organization of sporting activities in universities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of sport facilities and equipment in universities of Yazd province from students’ viewpoints. The research method was descriptive-survey that was conducted as a field. The statistical population included students of state and Payame Noor universities of Yazd province in 2012-2013. According to Morgan table, 1100 students were randomly selected as the statistical sample. The data were collected by KhawjaLandi (2011) questionnaire (35 items) which evaluated the constructive elements of sport facilities, lighting, heating, cooling, ventilation systems, sport equipment and instruments. Content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed after the professional review and viewpoints of 14 sport management professors and the required modifications. The Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire (α=0.89). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, MANOVA and chi-square were used for data analysis at P

The purpose of this study was to investigate the health and safety of indoor pools in Guilan province and compare it with national and international standards.
It was a descriptive survey and 21 indoor pools of 29 pools in Guilan province were studied. To collect data, a structured checklist including 116 items was used. Descriptive statistics and one sample t-test were used to test the hypothesis at P≥ 0.05.
The results showed that the score of health and safety of toilets as well as the health of locker rooms, showers, and inner courtyard of pools were significantly higher than the mean value (p Overall, the health, safety and staffing of indoor pools in Guilan province differed from national and international standards. We hope that the health and safety of these pools would increase with more attention of the officials.

The purpose of this study was to determine the safety Conditions of outdoor sport spaces in public middle schools of Ardabil. In this descriptive study, 160 public schools were examined by stratified-random sampling method. Researcher made questionnaire was used to collect data that the validity of it confirmed by experts and its reliability with cronbach's alpha was 0/84. Data using descriptive statistics and T-test were analyzed by SPSS software version 20.
The safety 46.44 percent of the equipment, 42.23 percent of the privacy and lines of play yard and 31.92 percent inside of playground was favorable. Also %57.7 of the playing fields of Volleyball, %54.5 of the playing fields of basketball, %35.7 of the playing fields of Badminton and %22 of the playing fields of handball & futsal have favorite and safe conditions for sports activities. Based on these findings, in total the safety of outdoor sports school in this study was not favorable.

The present study was an attempt to rank the fitness clubs of Rasht in terms of safety employing MCDM.
The research was descriptive-comparative study; so, the data were collected using by a researcher-made checklist including 123 safety factors.The sample was consisted of all the fitness clubs in Rasht. The sample was equal with the population due to the low level of overall size. Thus, forty-four clubs were analyzed. This is a descriptive-comparative study; the data was collected contributing a researcher-made checklist including one hundred and twenty-three safety factors using field research. To analyze the data, the researcher used Shannon Entropy as well as TOPSIS contributing EXCEL Software.
Considering the safety factor, the highest rank went to clubs of A5 (Ci= =0.86) while the lowest one with Ci= 0.06 went toA27.
Ranking the sport places as a product through MCDM can provide the customers with the opportunity to have the best choice. On the other hand, the providers will have the chance to remove the weak points either to improve or confirm the position of the product considering the given rank.

The aim of this study was to determine the condition of safety equipment in indoor sport facilities of Education Organization in Tehran from managers and coache's perspectives (19 managers and 71 coaches). A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability of this questionnaire was approved using Cronbach alpha coefficient (α=0.88). Findings showed that 1- First aid equipment with mean of 7.10 was weak and did not enjoy an appropriate condition. 2- Fire extinguishing equipment with mean of 8.78 was lower the average level and did not have a good condition. 3- Communication services with mean of 6.57 were weak and in a dangerous condition. 4- Risk management measures with mean of 8.10 were below the average level and did not enjoy a proper condition. 5- Totally, the condition of safety equipment in these sport halls with mean of 7.64 was considered as inappropriate and dangerous. 6- Although the perspectives of managers (with mean of 8.74) on safety equipment variable was better than coache's perspectives (7.19), the results of independent t test showed that this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.085). 7- Totally, the condition of risk management in the observed sport halls was assessed below theaverage level (M=9.03). With regard to these results, it is suggested that managers and coaches gain and enhance their knowledge about risk management and safety facilities and the related methods and principles through participating in educational workshops so that they can use it to manage, identify and reduce potential risks and to provide a safer environment for participants, spectators, employees and other people present at sport facilities.

Football stadiums are the main infrastructures of this popular sport in every society. It is essential to observe essential standards in these stadiums such as safety, enhancing the quality of competitions, attracting more spectators to the stadium and receiving the host permission for international football competitions and so on. The present study aimed at demonstrating the state of safety of Iran professional football league stadiums. The statistical population which equaled the sample included all 16 stadiums hosting Iran professional league competitions in 88-89 (the ninth league). A researcher-made checklist based on the Asian football confederation standards was used. The reliability of the checklist was determined by the examiners and Pearson correlation coefficient (r=0.93). Data were collected at stadiums and descriptive statistics (mean, graph and frequency distribution) were used to describe the data. The results demonstrated that stadiums were in a good condition with 67% safety and Fooladshahr stadium in Isfahan with 88% safety was considered to be the safest and Takhti stadium in Bandar Anzali with just 47% safety had the lowest safety. According to the results of the present study, it is suggested that more attention should be paid to the safety when establishing new stadiums or rebuilding the existing ones in order to ensure the safety of the stadiums for all users.