thematic analysis

Identifying indicators affecting strategic entrepreneurship is very important considering the rapid growth of sports tourism and its role in sustainable economic and social development. Golestan province, with its rich natural and cultural capacities in this field, can benefit from the advantages of strategic entrepreneurship. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of identifying indicators that are effective on strategic entrepreneurship in the sports tourism industry of Golestan province, in 1403, using qualitative methods and thematic analysis. The statistical population of this research included experts, university professors and experts in the field of sports marketing, entrepreneurship and sports tourism. The non-random sampling method was purposeful and finally 13 people were selected as a sample and interviewed. The reliability analysis of the interviews showed that the agreement between the two coders is about 80%, which is acceptable for the reliability of the data analysis. The research findings showed that factors such as strategic planning, human resource management, marketing and advertising, infrastructure development, government support, innovation and technology, international cooperation, sustainable development, risk management, and customer experience are among the key factors that contribute to the development of strategic entrepreneurship. They help in the tourism industry. The innovation of this research is in the identification and comprehensive analysis of indicators affecting strategic entrepreneurship in the field of sports tourism in Golestan province, which, by using the qualitative approach and thematic analysis, provides a native and practical framework for the development of entrepreneurship in sports tourism. This framework can help policymakers and sports tourism industry activists in formulating effective strategies, promoting regional competitiveness and regional productivity.

The purpose of the present study was to design a model of the efficiency of sports places and spaces in schools with a monetizing approach. The research method was developmental in terms of purpose and nature and qualitative in term of the theme analysis method. Semi-structured in-depth exploratory interviews were utilized as a research instrument, and the statistical population comprised expert who were selected by purposeful sampling and snowball technique, and finally, saturation was reached at the level of the 12 participants. However, the sample recruitment continued up to 14 individuals to increase credibility and cover all components. The validity and reliability of the research were carried out according to the method of Goya and Lincoln (2000), which includes four criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The combination of literature and interview identified 52 primary concepts (open code) and 8 main concepts or themes. The concepts were validated by 11 specialists using the lavshe style method, wherein 48 components were confirmed. finally, according to the results, 48 indicators in the form of 8 main factors (monetizing, transfer and privatization, laws and regulations, environmental, financial and economic, management factors, marketing, and predisposing factors) were provided for monetizing purposes through improving the productivity of educational sports places and spaces.

Considering the growing importance and link between sports and technology, the general purpose of this research was to identify the consequences of technology development in the field of sports. 

This research was an exploratory qualitative study that was conducted using thematic analysis method. The statistical population of the research included experts in the field of sports and technology. According to the nature of the research, 11 people were interviewed as the research participants through snowball sampling until reaching the theoretical saturation. The tool used in the research process was a semi-structured interview. 

The thematic analysis of the data by Braun and Clarke (2006) model led to the extraction of 235 codes, 24 sub-themes and 7 main themes. The findings showed that "development of athlete preparation", "development of events", "development of smart tourism", "development of businesses", "development of science", "development of equipment", and "development of sport places" were the consequences of technology development in the field of sports. 

Based on the findings, the development of technology in sports can lead to the development of athlete preparation, development of events, development of smart tourism, development of businesses, development of science, and development of sports equipment and places. Therefore, according to the findings, it is recommended to sports managers and trustees to focus their policies on the comprehensive development and advancement of technology in the field of sports based on the consequences of technology in sports.

The general purpose of the current research was to analyze the thematic support of the insurance industry for sports and present a model (a case study of East Azarbaijan Province). The research method of this article is qualitative method. The statistical population studied included all experts of insurance companies, legal experts of the general departments of sports and youth and education of the province, professional and beginner athletes and sports teams of East Azarbaijan province. In order to prepare the primary research tool, the researcher, by studying the background and research literature, and by identifying the main and influential components on the insurance industry's support for sports, prepared a five-question, semi-structured, open-ended questionnaire to conduct an in-depth interview with experts. In order to analyze the collected data, MAXQDA version 18 software was used. The results of data analysis showed that there are 5 main categories including economic factors, educational factors, legal and legal factors, sports factors and cultural and social factors as the main factors influencing the insurance industry's support for sports. According to the findings of the research, the model of factors affecting the insurance support of the sports industry is based on five economic, educational, legal and legal, sports, cultural and social factors and their components.

This objective of this study was to identify the attraction of Zoorkhaneh Sport for foreign tourists from tour guides’ point of view. The present study was conducted on a thematic analysis method using review of interviews. The statistical population of the study consisted of foreign tour guides. Using purposive sampling, 13 tour leaders were selected, of which the theoretical saturation was fulfilled with the 8th individual views. From the analysis of qualitative data, 60 initial codes were obtained, which were divided into 15 central categories, and finally, the two main categories of Zurkhaneh sports attractions were obtained. The validation method of the study was validity-interpretation, in which the study results and feedbacks were presented to the tour leaders and was approved by them. The results showed that the attractions of Zoorkhaneh Sport are divided into two main categories. Tangible attractions, including decoration and architecture, sport instruments, non-sport instruments, Zoorkhaneh authorities, group synchronized exercises, combination of moves, fitness of athletes, and the public state of exercise. Also, intangible attractions included hierarchy of athletes at Zoorkhaneh, antiquity of Zoorkhaneh, combination of sports and music, having roots in Iran, combination of literature and sports, combination of culture with sports, and combination of religion with sports. Hence, it’s recommended that travel agencies, Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran, and Zoorkhaneh Federation try to attract tourists and develop this sport across other countries using advertisement and promotion.

The aim of the present research was to identify the factors influencing entrepreneurship in the sports industry. The research method employed in this study was qualitative research with a thematic analysis approach. Participants in the research included sports management professors, entrepreneurship professors, and individuals with experience in sports business. The sampling process was purposeful and continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was conducted through coding based on theoretical foundations and semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field. Validity and reliability of the research were ensured through acceptability, transferability, and confirmability. The results of the conducted interviews indicated that the effective factors in entrepreneurship development in the country's sports industry consisted of 60 codes and 4 main factors, including structural factors, environmental factors, behavioral factors, and technological factors. The research results demonstrated that the perception of young individuals about their active role in the job market plays a significant role in their future employment. Therefore, it is suggested that the expectations of young people regarding their future careers be taken into account. Consequently, the importance of sports employment should be prioritized in the decision-making agenda, and a database related to sports occupations should be designed within the framework of sports programs.

The aim of the current research was to examine the roles of Iranian sports coaches using the exploratory phenomenology method and thematic analysis. Twenty coaches and athletes who met the specific research criteria were purposefully selected for in-depth semi-structured interviews. The research participants included sports coaches, male and female athletes from various fields such as championship sports, general sports, disabled sports, fitness, physical fitness, and adventure sports. The purposeful sample selection method was used to select the statistical sample, employing the snowball selection strategy. Data analysis was conducted using the thematic analysis method and the theme network method, processed in a descriptive-interpretive manner. Four strategies were employed to audit the research. The findings revealed five overarching themes: teacher, leader, manager, expert, and learner. The teacher theme encompassed six sub-themes: teacher, practitioner, evaluator, demonstrator, teacher of life skills, and all-round development of students. The leadership theme included the roles of mentor, model, and motivator. The management theme included planning, organizing, strategizing, moderating, safety and risk management, financial resources management, and public relations. The expert theme comprised roles such as bodybuilder, technical expert, health expert, and talent organizer. The overarching theme of the teacher's role as a learner included the sub-themes of student, researcher, and reflection. In conclusion, coaches need to prepare themselves for coaching as they are required to fulfill various roles.

Customer delight is defined as an emotional response to the element of surprise as well as a high level of positive expectations. The purpose of this study was to identify the happiness indicators of customers of sports products.

The research method was qualitatively thematic analysis with applied purpose and exploratory nature. The participants of the research were people who had a history and lived experience of using sports goods and services for at least five years, who were selected as participants using a targeted and accessible sampling method. Sampling was performed until the researcher reached theoretical saturation, which means that the researcher did not obtain new data and code after interview 19, and thus the sampling process was stopped (n = 17 + 2). The data collection method was semi-structured interview. 

In order to analyze the data, the inductive coding method was used to reach the final themes and to draw the network of themes NViVO 10 quality data analysis software was used. Analysis of findings was done in four dimensions as; Customer dimension (with two themes of expertise and product uniqueness); Service dimension (the main theme of differentiation in service delivery); Environment dimension (friendly and supportive atmosphere and professional interactions) and the Staff dimension (specialized knowledge and awareness and customer spirits).

The results of this research can enable companies and markets to offer sports products to identify the effective factors in creating customer happiness, which is a kind of deep emotional state and causes customer loyalty, and in today's competitive market, its loyal customers.

The purpose of this research was to identify a set of indicators for the evaluation of recreational sports pools in Isfahan, which was carried out using gray relation analysis.

This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection and research design. The statistical population of this research included all professors and experts (including managers, experts and inspectors) in the field of sports with a special focus on the field of swimming. The approach of this research is hybrid, and for this reason, purposeful snowball sampling was used for sampling in the qualitative part, and the number of samples was determined based on the theoretical saturation level, which was 13 people. In the quantitative section, due to the large size of the population, the sample size was estimated to be 380 people using the Cochran method. In the qualitative part, in order to reach the indicators, a library study was done, and in order to complete it, an interview method was used to complete it. In the quantitative section, experts' opinions were used to determine the final indicators, and then, with the cooperation of sports centers, necessary measures were taken to collect information on the indicators. The scope of the research included 20 pools located in 15 different areas of Isfahan, Sepahanshahr and Baharestan. In order to analyze the data in the qualitative part, inductive theme analysis and in the quantitative part, second-order confirmatory factor analysis in PLS software and gray relation analysis in Excel software were used. To ensure the validity of the questionnaires, face validity and construct validity were used, and Cronbach's alpha was used to ensure reliability.

Based on the findings, indicators of the state of equipment and facilities, infrastructure and structure, technology, location, architecture and building design, manpower, safety and health, marketing factors, management factors and the quality of ancillary services were approved for the evaluation of pools and based on the gray relationship of the pool Azadi and Revolution have the highest rating, and sample pools and Behtovan pools do not have a good rating.

From the information status of these pools, it is clear that the infrastructure, safety and health, marketing factors, technology, architecture and building design, and management factors are things that can be very effective in competitiveness and attraction of the audience and should be considered in the management of pools.

Today, the exciting arena of watching football matches in multi-ethnic communities such as Iran has become an arena for showing and expressing ethnic identities. Accordingly, the study is to represent the dimensions of ethnic identity among football spectators by thematic analysis. The population included fans of three textile teams: Mazandaran, Khuzestan Steel and Tabriz Tractor, from three ethnic groups: Mazani, Turk and Arab. The sampling method was purposive that 28 in-depth interviews were conducted until reaching the theoretical saturation stage, 17 of which were coded and analyzed using Nvivo8 software.
The findings from the three-stage coding of qualitative data showed that spectators while watching the game in sports stadiums represent their ethnic identity through two components, each of which has its own dimensions.These two components are: 1) ethnicity through mental mediation (culture, history, racism, religion, symbolic attributes) and 2) ethnicity through objective mediation (land, music, diet, myths and celebrities, population rate, Symbolic cover, language, race).
 Therefore, it can be said that watching football matches has the potential to represent ethnic identity for spectators, which leads to the adoption of strategic policies to strengthen national identity in order to reduce tensions, taking into account differences based on ethnic identity.

The aim of the present study was to identify performance variables affecting the pricing of Iranian football goalkeepers. The research method was qualitative, based on the thematic analysis. The statistical population of the study was consisted of all Iranian Individuals with AFC coaching professional qualifications, Iranian Premier League coaches and Football instructors. The sampling method was theorical selected and data were collected with 11 coaches and instructors. The data collection tool was an open interview, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation, meaning that the researcher did not obtain new data and code after the ninth interview, thereby halting the sampling process (9 + 2). Coding method and inductive approach to final themes were used for data analysis. NVIVO10 software was also used for data analysis. The results indicate that variables for the defensive functional variables of the goalkeeper include conceded goal, Success in one vs one situations, Sweeper Role, Shoot Control, Saving the Goal, Mistake Lead to Goal or Chance Create and Aerial Won and variables for offensive functional variables of the goalkeeper include assist, chance create, Key Pass, Passes and two-footed. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to the research results in designing the pricing model of the goalkeepers.

In the 21st century, Health, Safety, Environment (HSE) issues have become an integral part of every business and organization. A healthy lifestyle is created in a healthy environment, free from pollution and disease. On the other hand, the concept of sustainable development has emerged these days with the aim of overcoming social, economic and environmental concerns. This research was conducted with the aim of introducing effective factors in promoting health, safety, and environment in sports venues and the necessary strategies for its implementation.

This research was conducted using a qualitative method and a thematic analysis approach, which was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in nature. The statistical population consisted of all professors and experts in the field of physical education and sports sciences with scientific and executive experience in the field of HSE and sports venues. Sampling was done in a purposeful way, and theoretical saturation was done with 19 interviews. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools.

The thematic analysis led to the extraction of 276 codes, 34 sub-categories, and 7 main categories. The findings showed that education, strategy, management, human resources and resources, health, green management, and monitoring and evaluation improve the level of HSE in sports venues.

In general, the use of the main and subcategories mentioned in this research can be useful solutions for improving the level of health, safety and environment, which can help the senior managers of sports venues.

Athelte abuse is an under-researched topic and a major and growing concern worldwide, because this phenomenon has increased terribly in the last two decades in all sports and at all sports levels. In this regard, the aim of the current research work was to identify and explain the dimensions of abuse in sports (a study of Iran's national athletes).

The current research method is qualitative and in the form of thematic analysis, and the statistical population includes experts in the field of national athletes. The sampling method was purposeful and a semi-structured interview was conducted with 18 participants until theoretical saturation. Coding technique was used to analyze the data.

The findings of the research work indicate that the conceptual framework of abuse of athletes includes five main themes of types of abuse, causes and triggers of abuse, individual roles of abuse, platforms of abuse and consequences of abuse of athletes, which have 16 sub-themes and they include 131 concepts.

The results of this research work have provided important applications in both theoretical and practical parts. On the one hand, it is the first study conducted in the field of abuse of athletes and it has solved a part of the huge gap in this field in domestic research, and on the other hand, it is a coherent view about the concept of abuse, roles, people, factors, conditions, has presented the bases and consequences of the abuse of national athletes and has brought a wide range of necessary measures to reduce, control and manage the factors of this phenomenon.

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the challenges of the startups in the field of sports businesses with a Thematic analysis method.

The research method was qualitative and based on the content analysis approach. Experts and owners of startups and sports businesses were considered as the statistical population of this study. The sampling method was purposive. The research tool was an interview that was conducted with 13 people. Interviews with experts and professors indicated the validity of the research tool (interview). Intra-subject agreement method was used to measure reliability. Data from this study were analyzed using QSR Nvivo software.

Result of data analysis 6 sub-themes (financial and credit, legal and legal, business and marketing, organizational and administrative, hardware and software and lack of proper training) in the form of 3 main themes (lack of financial support for business and the work, the existence of strict rules and regulations and the lack of manpower) in relation to the challenges of startups in the field of sports businesses were presented in the form of a model.

Therefore, stakeholders and activists in the field of sports businesses can, while recognizing the challenges and problems of forming sports startups, provide the basis for the development of this emerging phenomenon in the field of sports.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors of English language proficiency as a predictor of cultural intelligence (Earley, Ang. 2003) of Iranian sports supervisors.

Phenomenological method was used in this study with a qualitative approach (Holloway & Todres, 2003). The research population, 12 male and female sports supervisors who had sent their athletes to international competitions at least once, were selected purposefully and homogeneously. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis method (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Classification and coding were done under the supervision of an expert. 

The factors of English language proficiency were identified and formulated in the form of three overarching themes "structural", "individual" and "environmental". The overarching theme of "structural factors" was identified the basic themes; holding English language classes for sports supervisors, using translators in the conversations of sports events, getting help from the international relations experts of the federations in facing new cultural situations and themes of the organization; training, communication through a translator and exchange of information. The overarching theme of "individual factors" was formed the basic themes; the use of key words in the language of the host community during conversations, an interest in maintaining communication with foreign counterparts during Sports events in intercultural sports environments, expressing the needs and requests of the team in international spaces through mastering the English language and organizational themes; verbal behavior, communication and purposeful interactions. The overarching theme of "factors Environment" including basic themes; attending sports meetings and events and the need to establish intercultural communication with other sports communities, conducting administrative correspondence with sports institutions in English and announcing rules, approvals and changes of global sports events in English and organizational themes; exchange of cultures, compliance with the rules and knowledge of the rules.

Overall, the findings showed that one of the components of cultural intelligence, especially in intercultural situations, is mastery of the English language. Mastering the English language is the main factor for establishing effective communication in intercultural spaces. The current research suggests giving importance to the issue of mastering the English language in order to achieve greater success of Iranian sports supervisors in international arenas.

The goal of this study was identifying and confirming sport coaching' themes by using mixed method Approach. Participants in qualitative part were twenty sport coaches and athletes whom had specific criteria purposefully for deep interveiews selected. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis method. In a small step, a questionnaire was prepared using qualitative stage data and after obtaining confirmation of the content validity of the experts, it was completed by 380 respondents. The results of the structural equation model confirmed all the themes. The three basic themes included interpersonal, intrapersonal, and contextutal, respectively. Intrapersonal contained management (organizing, employment, direction, planning, evaluation), coaching skills (humanistic-comunicational, technical-instructional, perceptual-leadership, political), coaching behavior (directional-social, supportive-cultural, specific behavior) and social relations (with associates, stockholders, athletes, media). Intrapersonal theme contained characteristics (psychic, ethical, personal), philosophy (artistic thinking, love to coaching, core believes and values), knowledge (transfer knowledge, theoric, practical,), and interest to grow and excellence (continues learning, moral of research, apprentice,). Contextual themes contained play role (model, specialism, teacher), match situation (tactic, strategy, logestic readiness for match, winning), practice situation (instruction of tactic, technic, promot of fitness), and contextual situations (pupose of sport, players, sport environment). The findings showed that in addition to the themes related to the coach, they have many different roles, tasks and activities, so they need like an orchestration, their own knowledge and art to lay the groundwork for the components and use for each specific situation.