جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ایستگاه آتش نشانی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Today, the optimal location of fire stations is one of the important necessities in the field of efficiency and timely response of urban management to potential hazards. Spatial optimization methods are widely used in this field due to special and spatial features of issues related to urban facilities. Among the most important of these items are interpolation-based methods and maximum service coverage. In the current situation, the city of Zabol has two operational fire stations, which due to the large size of the city and its rapid physical development, are not able to adequately respond to urban incidents and events, so it needs serious revision and increase the number of stations to the desired level. The present research, in terms of methodology is descriptive, in terms of purpose is applied and is based on library studies and field studies. Based on the scenario, this study presents a multi-objective spatial optimization model that combines the objectives related to the middle limit and maximum service coverage in the field of fire stations in Zabol city and finally using the Pareto optimization method Displays the improve access intensity. Findings from the research scenarios showed that with a certain increase in the number of stations in different parts of the city, access improves with different intensities. For example, assuming 6 stations are located at certain distances from each other, access will improve by up to 9% compared to the current situation, and if this number increases to 12, access will increase by up to 60%.

Resilience is the degree of resilience of systems and tolerates change and the capacity to return to post-traumatic equilibrium. The speed of timely response is one of the dimensions of social, organizational, and institutional dimensions of resilience. The aim of this research is to increase the response speed during the crisis by locating and ranking fire stations in district ten of Tehran municipality. This district is the smallest district of Tehran municipality in terms of size and the highest district in terms of density. This research has used twelve criteria and eleven propose stations. Criteria have been selected from standards 6430, experts' view, and previous studies. The research method is descriptive-analytical and has used from Fuzzy TOPSIS method to prioritize the proposed location of the stations. Experts' views show that access (Width of the street), proximity, and traffic are the most important criteria. The results show that the first ranked station in the mentioned criteria has the highest value. The last ranked station has the lowest value in the term of the width of the street. It is located in the boundary of the study area and has the lowest values in the term of experts' point of views, so it has gained the last rank. Also, the ranking results show that fire station No. 85 (existing station) is in a suitable location, but fire station No. 8 (existing station) is not located in an optimal location. It affects the safety of the covered areas and reduces the response speed and reducing resilience.

The heterogeneous urban development and the lack of proper forecasting of urban development cause many problems in cities. Among these problems, there is a shortage of urban amenities such as a hospital, fire station, etc. The 22nd district of Tehran, which has witnessed a growing trend in recent years and includes high-rise towers and buildings, has a large population, so it is believed that the lack of urban amenities, including stations Firefighting. The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of allocation of demand to existing fire stations in the region with the VAOMP unified approach (a completely new approach to location and allocation) with the goal of minimizing time in the GIS environment. Considering that location and allocation issues are among NP-Hard issues, solving them in deterministic methods is almost impossible. For this reason, in the present research, metaheuristic algorithm was used to solve the problem. After sensitivity analysis and implementing the new VAOMP model in the study area with 7 existing stations and a population of 150,000, the results of the research showed that existing stations with the goal of minimizing time (up to 5 minutes) are not able to provide the entire population of the region with services And 28040 calls will remain without access to the services, which means that at least two other stations are required for optimal service provision in the region.. Also, despite the difficulty of the VAOMP model, it was found that this algorithm is capable of solving satisfactorily solvable problems in a short time.

The deployment of every urban element in the position of the body - a particular area of the city, is subject to certain principles, rules and procedures that, if followed, will ensure the success and effectiveness of that element in the same place, otherwise there will be many problems with the occurrence he does.
Therefore, achieving equilibrium in the spatial distribution of resources and services is the main goal of the planners. Considering the importance of locating and its position in various projects and projects, the importance of the location of the fire stations and the direct impact on its model and performance will be determined.
Provision of fire station services requires their proper location in order to distribute them appropriately to minimize their financial and financial losses.Locating fire stations and determining the number and location of stations guarantee the safety of citizens in the event of any incident.
Due to the high importance of the 3rd district of Isfahan among other areas of the city, attention to safety issues in this context is urgently needed. The 3rd district of Isfahan is the heart of the city which has an ancient heritage. One of the important issues facing urban management is the timely delivery of fire during a fire. Thus, there was no responsive station in this area. Therefore, the need to address the problem of locating and distributing fire stations is of great importance in urban planning. Therefore, the choice of optimal location and appropriate distribution of fire stations will be the overall goal of this study to increase the safety level.
The present research is a descriptive-analytic research in terms of purpose, applied research and in terms of the nature and method of the study. Part of the theoretical information was collected through library studies, the use of documents, records and reports. To understand the scope, the studies conducted by the consultant as well as field observations and observations have been used. In the analysis section, using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and geospatial mapping model. In this study, at first, the criteria and the sub criteria for determining the location of the fire station were weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) using Expert Choice software, and then, by digitizing the layers in the GIS, each map The layer is produced for each of the criteria, and then the layers are overlapped by applying the weights of each layer, the fire station's optimal locations are proposed.
Among the urban facilities, the construction of fire centers in the area due to the deployment of the old, historical and living Qaiseriyah market, and the lack of emergency exit routes and relief during the fire, as well as the existence of workshops and warehouses connected to the market It is also important that it should be added to the consequences of other incidents. Therefore, this study aimed to increase the level of safety by locating fire stations in Isfahan region 3 using AHP and location model in GIS environment.
After normalizing the maps with the Reclassify tool, and according to the categories at this stage with the Raster Calculator tool, the sum of all generated layers multiplies the values for each layer obtained from AHP and maps the proposed locations for Fire station was created. Based on the final map (Figure 19), the most suitable optimal points for the fire station were selected based on the criteria analysis. These points of choice have the proper features, including proximity to access level 2, abandoned land, an area of 1500 square meters up, construction density and high population density in the periphery. According to (Fig. 19), three-point distances were investigated using the Euclidean Distance tool. On the other hand, according to the existing standard, for every 50,000 people we need to build a fire station; therefore, in addition to a fire station in the area, it is necessary to deploy another station. Finally, according to the aforementioned maps, by examining the intervals between the existing and proposed fire stations, the final map (Fig. 20) is based on the noninterference of the functional radii of 1200 meters of stations relative to each other; the third point as optimal The most common location of the fire station was deployed.
By studying the present situation and field observations of the fire station in Isfahan region 3, it has only one center and according to the volume of utilizations and activities of importance in the region as well as the height of the region with historic monuments at national levels And internationally, the issue of safety in the context of this region is very important. Therefore, based on the population and region level, the existing fire station does not cover the possibility of service within a 3-5 minute interval throughout the entire area. Considering that the area has organic and intact texture. Based on field observations and existing standards, residents needed urban equipment, including fire stations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to locate another fire station based on the region's requirements, standards and indicators. Therefore, effective measures in area 3 including demographic density, availability, consistent use, functional radius, building quality, size of parts, construction density, and user-friendliness were considered. Eventually, considering the 1200 meter radius, the location of the optimal fire station station was proposed on Neshat Street.

In this study, we have tried to investigate the location of fire stations in Hamadan made cluster analysis approach. For this purpose, according to theory, a conceptual model is presented as the main parameters of the 8 criteria to locate fire stations provided. All of these measures in the next stage to be produced in GIS spatial layers and then use Delphi 8 benchmark in terms of expertise and the combined weight of all layers of the information specified and according to the weight gained Tlfyqshdh each layer and a map of each of 8 It is final. The cluster analysis model to achieve the target spots, Delphi for weighting and valuation models used to locate the eight criteria and models, such as buffering and Dnsyty and .... for the production of each of the layers of gis for each of the eight criteria is used. According to the map made three spots to create a new station is proposed. The three spots in the central, western and eastern parts of the city are the need of the new station will be created.

In the past decade we encountered the population growth of our country، resulted in demand growth. Perhaps there are not much service centers in this city، but the efficient distribution of these centers is important. One of the service centers which has a significant role on city and is safety insurance for human life، is firehouse center. Fast and on time access of firehouse vehicles to the accident location is very important، because on time access of vehicles to accident location results to lesser damage. On the other hand، this on time access to accident location is related to efficient distribution of firehouse centers. In order to evaluate the current situation of firehouse centers regarding fire accidents، the Noorabad city was chosen as the study issue، and by using GIS function، network analysis and multiage analyses of Thiessen، the current situation of Noorabad firehouse centers were studied. After recognizing the improper distribution of these centers using AHP model and index overlaps، the proper location of firehouse centers of Noorabad city was identified using GIS software. The current research method is descriptive-analytic. The required information of this research were collected from field observation، comprehensive design study and descriptive data of Noorabad city، 1. 5000 maps of current situation and also field observation

To avoid wasting money and to ensure the efficiency of the entire system of a city are the two main objectives of site selection for urban public services. One of the important public services in cities is fire rescue services. Commonly, the quality and performance of these services are influenced by the position and distribution of fire stations and traffic conditions. So, selecting a suitable location for new fire stations or transferring an existing station is necessary for improving quality and performance. It should be performed in a systematic framework.
Now, there are only four active fire stations in Semnan. The number of stations, with regard to the population and the area of the city and the attention to be paid to standards, is not enough. So, we need new stations according to site selection parameters. In this study, to determine appropriate locations for fire stations within the city, we define a conceptual model, specify criteria and prepare necessary information for site selection. Then, we use AHP, a multi-criteria decision making model, and geographic information systems to find new locations for fire stations. The results show that AHP is suitable for optimum site selection of fire stations. This model can be used for other emergency site selections. Also, using this model shows that, in Semnan, we need four new fire stations in suitable locations.

The fire services play a key role in safety issues for any country. The operations of the services have a high visibility since the public is aware of its own vulnerability and possibly vital reliance on the service. Firemen and women are rightly admired، particularly as their intervention may carry a risk to their own lives. More generally، this service comes at a considerable cost. The fire and as a result natural and man-made disasters are an integral part of the settlements. Safety and fire services in rural areas due to its proximity to rural farm lands، forest and grasslands with high fire potential is very important. Location of fire stations is an important factor in their ability to protect against fire. In the recent years، fire safety and service development is considered by the governor''s agenda. For this reason، one of the major concerns is the location of fire stations to provide services in minimum time required. This study aimed to assess the villages covered by fire services and locate new stations for full coverage of the villages of the county of ShirvanChrdavolin. Theories: Time is the critical element when an emergency is reported. Fire combustion can expand very rapidly in short period of time. Time is the critical factor for the rescue of occupants and the application of extinguishing agents to minimize loss. The time segment between fire ignition and the start of fire suppression has a direct relationship to fire loss. The delivery of emergency medical services is also time critical. Survival rates for some types of medical emergencies are dependent upon rapid intervention by trained emergency medical personnel. In most cases، the sooner trained fire or emergency medical rescue personnel arrive، the greater the chance for survival and conservation of property. Regardless of the speed of growth or length of burn time، all fires go through the same stages of growth. One particular stage emerges as very significant because it marks a critical change in conditions. It is called flashover. Measuring the time to flashover is a function of time and temperature. Fire growth occurs exponentially; that is، fire doubles itself every second of free burn that is allowed. This can be plotted on what is known as the time and temperature curve. There are a number of factors that determine when flashover may occur. These include the type of fuel، the arrangement of the fuels in the room، room size، and so on. Because these factors vary، the exact time to flashover cannot be predicted. Flashover can typically occur from less than 4 to beyond 10 minutes after free burning starts. The research was action research in that the information gathered was applied in a real-world context. Response times and distance were selected criteria for this study. A computer modeling approach was chosen for statistical accuracy when tabulating travel times and distances within various geographic areas of the zones serviced by Fire Stations. For this purpose، the combination of AHP and network analysis techniques and overlapping layers were used in ArcGIS environment. The architecture of the GIS is developed based on the concept of network. A network is defined as a set of points (known as nodes) and a set of arcs where each branch connects a pair of nodes. The GIS will help determine which is the shortest path from A to F by: (1) locating the nodes in a map، (2) measuring the distance of each arc، (3) measuring the distance of each path by combining the distances of the connected arcs for each path، and (4) comparing the paths to find the shortest path. Comprehensive GIS-based fire station site selection study can be the central component for a master plan for fire station locations. This plan can show both the efficiencies and deficiencies of current fire station coverage for a specified travel time and provide a model for future fire station coverage using the specified or other travel time standards. Statistical population of this paper was dehyaries and elites people in rural of ShirvanChrdavol County. Required data and maps were also collected and updated from the relevant executive agencies. Research results show that there are four urban fire stations and one rural fire station in the area under study that with a response time of 6 minutes only 19% of villages are covered by the stations. According to overlapping layers and reassessment of network analysis، 21 new Fire Stations were identified. According to Population and number of villages covered by each station، proposed stations were prioritized. In addition to identifying the location of the building in terms of locating fire stations، it should be considered within the context of rural physical structure.

Positioning, including spatial analysis is that much effect in reducing the cost of creating and launching various activities there. That's why one of the important and effective steps Projects are considered. One of the preoccupations of urban planners in designing urban spaces and locate the appropriate service areas and is optimal. The main goal of establishing stations to provide fire safety part of the city in line with plans already defined them. Actions required to achieve this vision and systematically integrated into the urban elements and micro-structure for the week as the city that Macro is an important method in the form of multiple criteria decision-making largely achievable. This study intends using TOPSIS method and linear allocation ranking Maku city paid urban areas and the results compared to. The two models of techniques and multiple criteria decision making models and methods are compensatory TOPSIS under group compromise allocation method under the linear group is coordinated. The findings indicate that the TOPSIS method between the above five areas with the District 3 (0/47) points in the first rank, and District 4 (0/42) has been ranked in the final and territories (2, 5, 1) respectively (0/46، 0/45، 0/44) in the next rank and place are the results of linear allocation method shows that in five urban areas in District 3 and District 4 in the first rank final rank is located and areas (2, 5, 1) respectively, followed by is located. Should be said that the results of these two methods is quite Shybh together with the difference that in areas with TOPSIS method is ranking points in this points allocation method is not linear.

Today, excess density of population in city and it is increasing growth in bulk is led to demand and attention to urban development. Demand for urban development is one of the most important issues against human in future. Therefore, to solve this problem and obstacles, safety system of city should be developed along this to cover whole city. The most important problem about the services of fire stations is the inappropriate distribution of stations and restricted function area of present stations. So, qualities and quantities distribution of stations is investigated scientifically and professionally. Using traditional methods planning fire stations for services mean wasting papers and time, but today, using GIS serves as a tool to create proper and effective database.
In this study, we tried to locate optimized fire station in Amol city using GIS and AHP and incorporate data using index overlay method.

Today, the land use management of urban infrastructure is the main challenge of most of the urban authorities and planners. Urban land use can be review of the two main perspectives. Firstly, the most important concepts that are based on fundamentals thoroughly urban therefore need a way to recognition carefully. Second, that is important tools for achieving the of macro social, economic and physical objectives. This index, the investment of public and private decisions affected on urban growth and quality of physical environment, as well as playing an important role in it. One of the most important problems in Iranian cities is their vulnerability to natural hazards such as earthquake, storms, etc. This is particularly more critical in old parts of the cities due to the low conditions of their physical fabric considering the quality of materials, less permeability, lack renovation, etc. Iran with its specific geographical position is always exposed to the hazard of earthquake. Fire stations as places for preparation and readiness of emergency personals and trucks are among the major factors for addressing vital services in the cities. They play an important role in providing security and comfort for citizens and developing the economy for cities. It is obvious that giving proper service without delay and burden and without any limitations of urban environment on one, hand and negatively affecting the lives of citizen on the other hand, require the fire stations to be established and located in the proper places and locations. The method of the present research is based on four stages. In the first stage the literature of the subject was reviewed in the national and international researches to understand the process of urban mal-growth in other regions. Secondly a field work was conducted to collect data, maps and a study on the Master and Detailed plans of the city and zone 6 in Tehran. Thirdly, the different information layers were extracted from various maps (land use, The quality of building, The size of plot, The building age, The level of occupation, The number of floor, Building materials, Density of population and so on) and the satellite images IKONOS 2007 with Arial photos. All the data were corrected geometrically and digitized by applying ARC GIS and CAD. The preparation of these layers was implemented in the context of topology structure, review and geometric correction of images, the Boolean method and weighing and by reaching an appropriate method of integration and recognition. The functions of composite layers were conducted in the framework of union, intersection, clipping, buffering, merge and update. The results of spatial and descriptive of three stages were integrated and weighted by using Boolean Logic and fuzzy logic. Then by analyzing the integrated tables of information data the sites were evaluated. Then the most appropriate land use for fire station is recommended. By using this model, new locations were proposed for establishing fire stations, so that all the area could be completely covered. There are lots of factors that have influence on locating the urban facilities like fire stations. Analyzing all these factors, by using traditional methods of locating such as manual overlapping of the maps, is not possible; because the amount of available data is enormous. In addition, lack of attention to these factors in location the urban facilities will result in wasting a remarkable amount of financial resources and human labor force and energy in the cities and it will impose serious damages on people and governments. Therefore, the appropriate use of data analyzer system like geographical information systems (GIS), which can process a huge bulk of data, is crucial. One of the main capability of GIS as an exclusive system is its potential of integration, modeling and site selecting through land valuation. By integrating and compositing the different criteria the most appropriated location can be selected. There are different methods for criteria composition. Which some of them include as follows: Boolean logic, Index overlay, Probability logic, Coefficient correlation, Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic or the logic of black and uncertainty, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP is one of the most efficient techniques in decision making. In this model, the first time by Thomas L. Satty was introduced in 1980. The AHP approach is one of the more extensively used MCDM methods. The AHP has been applied to a wide variety of decisions and the human judgment processes.This technique is one of the MCDA methods with many capabilities which are used in different scientific disciplines. The previous researches show that the technique of MCDA which is known AHP is very suitable for solving complicated issues. Obtaining solutions in the AHP is not a statistical procedure, because it can help either a single decision maker or a decision group to solve a MCDM problem. One of the most important advantages of AHP relates to its ability to measure quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a decision. This technique is based on pair comparison and gives the possibility to study different options by the urban managers. Many researches show that AHP technique has proved to be quite useful when is integrated with GIS for site selection. In the present study, there was a try to bring up a new model for locating fire stations in the cities, through integrating hierarchical analyzing model (AHP), and layers evaluation logic and through the use of Geographical Information System (GIS). This model was practiced in the region 6 of Tehran. Fire stations are located at the southern part of this area and the majority of the north and the central parts of this region cannot be covered and properly serviced by these stations. Besides, these fire stations suffer from some weak points like being located in single – direction streets and lack of coverage for all the relative areas. Results of the model which has been applied on the region fabric illustrate that an AHP approach is a basic tool to identify vulnerability of the region. Its application to the problem helps to unify relevant theory and practice. It also generated maps of vulnerable spots that can be more adaptable to changes and can greatly assist planners and policy makers in decision-making.

Fire fighting stations and their locations in helping and rescuing people areconsidered to be very important in cities. fire fighters can have an important role inproviding comfort and security for their citizens and economy of the cities.So, giving proper and on time Services via fire fighting stations requires them to bestationed at good locations.The main purpose of establishing fire fightings stations isto provide part of the security in cities for the purposes mentioned above. For reachingthis goal, unified systematic view function in cities ingredient in micro level anddirection cities structure in the macro level is importan whieh is achieved more eventin geographical information system .In this reserch,the main goal is to find the bestlocation for fire fighting in semnan, or to transfare some of the stations from theirpresent locations if neccessary.In this research,attempts have beenmade to find themost appropriate places for the fire fighters to be stationed at new places. Therefore,inorder to find scientific and exact places a combination of geographical informationsystem GIS and AHP has been used .After priamcary studies and gathering useful datafor setslaction in the fire fighting .The effective criteria were dividied in to six groupsand , then by means of analytical hierarchy process the weight of each criteria wasdetermind and finally was mixed by means of index overlay .The results with highflexibility were offered in six forms. After putting together the plans obtained,firstproper initial restrictions were proposed. Then the exact position of each proposedstation within this boundary was determind in a way that they are able to cover themaximum area and give services. At the end, a part from the existing stations twomore were added and five new stations were suggested.