جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سکونت گاه های انسانی" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

The location of most of the cities in the boundaries of active faults has increased the vulnerability of urban buildings to earthquakes. The city of Marand is located within 15 kilometers of the active fault line of Azerbaijan in earthquake zoning. The presence of marginal and worn-out tissues will cause double damage to these tissues against earthquakes. The present research has investigated and analyzed the earthquake risk in the human settlements of Marand using a descriptive-analytical methodology. The statistical population of this research is the worn-out tissues of Marand. In order to assess the earthquake risk in the study area, first the earthquake risk assessment model was presented in the worn-out context of Marand, and then by weighting the indicators using the opinion of urban science experts and information processing in the geographical information system environment, through the model weighted overlap, vulnerability zoning map of worn out fabric of Marand was extracted. Building quality indicators, building age, structure type, distance from roads, facade type, building density, and population density have been used to evaluate the vulnerability of worn-out fabric. According to the maps derived from the weighted overlay model, 40% of the worn-out fabric area of ​​Marand with an area of ​​372,958 square meters (37.2 hectares) is exposed to very high and high vulnerability to earthquakes.

The present study addresses the commitment of states to the safety and sustainability of human settlements in the face of climate change within the framework of international law. The purpose of writing this study is to explain the legal obligations of states to the safety and sustainability of settlements in the face of climate change in the framework of international law. This research has been done qualitatively, analytically, descriptively and as a library. Climate change is one of the factors that has made the stabilization of settlements a challenge for decades and has caused a lot of damage to the human environment. Therefore, states have tried to control this phenomenon in the form of environmental treaties and conventions. However, many conventions and legal instruments emphasize the commitment of states to the sustainability of settlements in the face of climate change, as well as the reduction of natural disasters, all of which affect human settlements, and each member state has obligations to combat and control climate change. They have been responsible for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting the human environment to the phenomenon of climate change, such as securing human settlements and places, but due to their non-binding nature, they are not much considered by states. But in any case, they can be effective as an effective mechanism in controlling climate change and securing settlements.

Assessing the role of natural factors in the location of ancient settlements helps us to understand and understand how the habitats are formed and distributed. The purpose of this study was to identify, evaluate and understand the effects of natural factors on the distribution of ancient habitats and determine the relationship between humans and their environment within the central district of this city. This research is applied in a descriptive-analytical way. In this research ArcGIS, SPSS and Expert Choice software were used for the analysis. The ancient settlements of Iron Age 3 (800-550 p.) Region were compared to the most important environmental factors including access to water resources, elevation level Sea, slope and direction of gradient of land, vegetation, soil, land use, land use and climate, which have an impact on the spatial shaping and distribution of human habitats. The results of this study showed that there is a strong correlation between all of the above mentioned factors with the spatial distribution of human settlements of Iron Age 3, so that the correlation intensity for all numerical factors was between 0.50 and 1, which Indicates a strong correlation between environmental factors and the spatial distribution of habitats. According to experts and experts, respectively, access to water resources, vegetation, land use, climate, land use, soil, altitude, gradient of land and direction of gradient of land, respectively, have the most to the least impact on the spatial distribution of ancient settlements in Mahabad Plain has had.