جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شهر نوآور » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

CCities with an increasing percentage of population and urbanization expansion, they face significant challenges, including spatial inequality.The role of metropolises due to the cumulative effects of population growth challenges, it is very important. Although cities are considered the center of innovation, but the innovation level between regions is not evenly distributed. The purpose of this study is to level the Tabriz regions in terms of enjoyment of innovative city indicators. This research is based on the purpose the applied research and based on the nature and method the comparative research and the data collection method, it is a survey.Using the Cochran's formula, 384 citizens and 27 experts with snowballs were selected as a sample. The citizens and experts’s questionnaire reliability respectively with values 0/89 and 0/93 approved. The results obtained from ANP show that the sub-criteria of educational centers and science and technology parks respectively with values 0/104046 and 0/908955 are the highest and area and sub-criteria of population respectively with values 0/00374 and 0/757537, have the least effect on the movement of Tabriz city towards an innovative city. An examination of the innovative city indicators distribution shows that region 8 with a Topsis rate of 0/96477 is in the first rank and region 4 with a Topsis rate of 0/680881 is in the last rank of the innovation level. The research findings show that the innovative city indicators are not distributed fairly, there is a spatial focus on the indicators distribution. Therefore, the management of Tabriz metropolis in order to realize the innovative city needs to stimulate innovation through fair distribution of innovative city indicators and decentralization from the center. 

Innovative city is including new concepts in urban studies, highlighted by geographers, economists and sociologists, in achieving a knowledge-community and knowledge-based development. In this regard, city has been considered in a hybrid approach as a place where creativity, knowledge, creative and innovative industries and knowledge economy. Thus, urban environments should provide conditions to attract and retain creative and innovative human capitals. According to importance of subjecte, research aims to evaluating and comparison social and cultural indicators of the innovative city in the regions of Tabriz Metropolis. In terms of purposes, the present study is of applied researchs type, and in terms of methodology, it is a comparative research. Shannon entropy method for weighing indicators is used and the TOPSIS technique is applied in order to rank the regions of Tabriz. Emphasizing on the social and cultural indicators, the findings of the research show that region 8 tops the ranking list and region 10 is ranked the last. ‌The result of research indicates that the social and cultural indicators are not distributed equitably and there is a spatial focus on distribution of indicators. The results of research indicate the incompatibility of the distribution of social and cultural indicators with the distribution of population across the city. Therefore, since innovation is the key to the development and expansion of cities as well as the equitable distribution of services and facilities necessary for development, the fair distribution of social and cultural indicators is essential for the realization of an innovative city.

Successful and innovator cities have been formed from three levels of creative individuals, national and international companies and organizations that connect these two levels with each other. The most important reason of lacking access to urban innovation has been absence or weakness of the middle level. The effects of creativity and innovation are established by proximity between two levels of innovative actors which are included in the cities (Underground) and also innovative firms (Upperground). In this environment another level should also be considered that acts as an intermediary between these two levels and called the connective level (Middleground). The fertility of middleground and its ability to facilitate the connection between the two mentioned levels of underground and upperground, finally leads to urban innovation. Cities in developing countries generally lack effectiveness in these layers especially in connective level. Accordingly, in order to investigate the present status of innovation in the intermediary organizations of Mashhad City and predict the side and direction of innovation in vision of 2025 (the perspective vision of preparing Khorasan Razavi province), 100 questionnaire with three key factors and 44 effective factors (effective factors are subset of key factors) have been filled in 4 organizations and Friedman test has been used for ranking the most desirable factors affecting the present status of innovation and effective factors with the high uncertainty and ambiguity in vision of 2025. Also interviews were carried out with 9 experts of urban organizations. This study is applied research and the nature and methods of research, cross - is composed. As well as to assess the current situation and uncertainty on the vision, the middle layer connecting the national innovation system as is used a combination of four mode. Results of this research showed that there are suitable supporting laws for improving innovation, but these laws are not sufficient and not supported by enforcement. Also there are not necessary supports for encouraging innovation in research centers. Also intellectual property rights are weak and venture capitalists are not active in the city. The general situation of innovation has been undesirable presently and the urban managers don’t so many tendencies to innovation in urban plans and projects. Even if the innovation in projects is considered in the first stages of research, faces with many problems in the implementation and practical stage and innovation is forgotten in them. Also, the lack of horizontal and vertical interaction in the organizations and the existence of cumbersome laws and many parallel activities have been caused to being accompanied the effective factors of urban innovation with the high uncertainty and reaching to the innovator city in vision of 2025 is almost unlikely. As a result of reaching to the innovator city, the fundamental changes are required in the key and effective factors that this affair demands a holistic effort by managers both in the local and national aspects and Finally suggestions are offered.