جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مناطق حاشیه نشین" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Nowadays, a significant number of residents in developing countries live in informal settlements. The process of urbanization, accompanied by rapid population growth in cities, has led to the formation of consequences such as informal settlements around cities and metropolises, developed outside the official development plan. Marginal neighborhoods are mostly lacking in safety, stability, social security, services, and urban infrastructure. One of the most important symbols in recognizing informal housing is the physical and structural indicators and characteristics of housing. Housing and environmental conditions are one of the most influential factors affecting people's satisfaction with living in a neighborhood. One of the concepts that affect the quality of life in settlements is the concept of territory and territorial behavior of residents. The concept of territory refers to the formation of a limited area that individuals or a group of individuals regularly and sustainably benefit from, and feel a sense of belonging and ownership towards the space. Any personalization and marking of the environment or defense against interference is considered territorial behavior. Despite the high importance of the concept of territorial behavior and its role in the physical characteristics of housing, a comprehensive study has not yet been conducted on the relationship between these concepts, especially in the context of marginal neighborhoods in Iran. In line with this goal, the marginal neighborhoods of Ilam city have been selected as one of the areas with the highest rate of marginalization in the country for field study.

This study has been conducted using a mixed-method approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. Since the main objective of this research is to identify the relationship between residents' territorial behavior and the physical characteristics of housing in marginal areas, the research questions have been formulated based on the nature, methodology, and background of the study. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the research topic, a combination of in-depth field interviews with residents, field observations of selected housing in neighborhoods, and quantitative evaluations by architecture and urban planning experts have been used to examine this bidirectional relationship between the physical characteristics and territorial behavior of residents.

A comprehensive review of theoretical studies has shown that limited research has been conducted on the physical characteristics of housing in marginal areas of Ilam city. Furthermore, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on how behavioral, social, cultural, and cognitive factors influence the formation of these physical patterns. Field visits and in-depth interviews indicate that residents, driven by self-interest, have made extensive changes to public and semi-public spaces, and due to the lack of order and regulation, this behavior has become normalized. These actions include unauthorized construction, relocation of high-pressure cables, and encroachment on public lands to create personal spaces. The findings of the research indicate that the perceptual-cognitive framework of residents plays a significant role in shaping the physical characteristics of marginal areas. Additionally, based on the findings, household economic status, social proximity such as kinship ties, and personal relationships play a crucial role in the formation and location of houses in these neighborhoods.Experts have emphasized the strong correlation between housing affordability, housing and economic issues, and the cost of construction in central areas of the city when explaining the physical characteristics of housing in marginal areas based on residents' territorial behavior. Furthermore, environmental factors, access to services, and personal relationships are among the most influential criteria in defining the physical characteristics of housing in marginal areas. Based on the findings, principles of interior aesthetics, order, law enforcement, spatial compatibility with residents' needs and desires, have the lowest average rank and importance in defining the physical characteristics of housing based on residents' territorial behavior. Additionally, among the main concepts, the economic concept has the highest average rank. The results of the correlation analysis show that perceptual and physical concepts have the highest mutual influence, indicating that perceptual concepts such as privacy and security play a significant role in shaping the physical patterns of housing in marginal areas. Perceptual criteria can be considered one of the key criteria in the formation of the physical patterns of housing in marginal areas based on residents' territorial behavior.

In conclusion, it can be inferred that the physical characteristics of housing and residents' territorial behavior in marginal areas have a close and bidirectional relationship, playing a significant role in shaping the design patterns of housing in these areas. The findings of this research highlight the importance of considering residents' territorial behaviors, cultural beliefs, social relationships, mindset, and attitudes, as well as their economic status and income level, in the design of residential environments. Architects and urban designers should pay attention to the territorial behavior and the significance of these concepts for residents in designing the physical characteristics of housing in these areas. By considering the needs and desires of residents, they can create safe, comfortable, and functional living spaces that cater to the specific requirements of the inhabitants.

Increasing migration to the suburbs has led to the formation of suburban areas in large cities, so it makes city managers more determined to find a solution to the situation. The present research has been done by descriptive-analytical method in the suburban area of ​​Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad. The method of data collection is field (observation and interview) and a questionnaire. The questionnaires were validated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and their reliability was confirmed, so among the statistical population of 33937 people, based on Cochran's formula, 380 questionnaires were randomly distributed among residents and 30 questionnaires were distributed among urban planning experts The method of data collection is field (observation and interview) and a questionnaire.  After performing the t-student statistical test, the first hypothesis "seems to be a participatory approach and attention to the needs of residents in the study of recognizing the scope of project preparation in Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad is lower than average" and the second hypothesis "seems. The deep gap between the components studied by the consultant and the components considered by the experts (experts in the field of urban planning in the suburbs) is also one of the reasons for not realizing the detailed plan of Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad "was approved.

In recent years, urban development policy in dealing with informal settlements has shifted from a negative approach to community-based policies such as improvement, empowerment, and community-based reform. The empowerment strategy seeks to empower communities to solve their problems with their own ideas, resources, potential, and arm. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of empowerment programs in suburban areas on increasing social capital. This is a descriptive-analytical study. It is an applied study and a survey method is used. The population of the study consisted of all residents of Pakdasht city (Ostad Shahriar neighborhood) with an estimated population of about 30,000 in the suburbs. Thus, the sample size is obtained using Cochran's table (sample size=379). The instrument used for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Then the questionnaires were distributed among the statistical population and then regression test and SPSS software were implemented. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between empowerment and social capital. Empowering suburbs and giving them some benefits can have a huge impact on people living in these neighborhoods, increasing their social capital. Generally speaking, social capital and empowerment are in a mutual relationship.

The present study aims to investigate the impact of empowerment programs in suburban areas on increasing social participation. This is a descriptive-analytical study. It is an applied study and a survey method is used. The population of the study consisted of all residents of Pakdasht city (Ostad Shahriar neighborhood) with an estimated population of about 30,000 in the suburbs. Thus, the sample size is obtained using Cochran's table (sample size=379). The instrument used for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Then the questionnaires were distributed among the statistical population and then regression test and SPSS software were implemented. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between empowerment and social participation. Empowering suburbs and giving them some benefits can have a huge impact on people living in these neighborhoods, increasing their social participation. Generally speaking, Community-based empowerment and citizen participation in urban and neighborhood management are in a mutual relationship.

Feeling safe as one of the basic human needs is of particular importance in creating a sense of place and urban viability. So, having security is an effective factor in the identity of the place. The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate the impact of urban planning and design on the sense of security of marginalized neighborhoods. This study is descriptive-analytical and applied research. Documentary-library methods and field observations (questionnaires) were used for data collection. The sample size was 322 subjects according to the Cochran method and for sampling; a probabilistic stratified sampling was used. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the sense of security between designed and unplanned neighborhoods in Tabriz marginal areas. Also, feelings of security was high in areas with environmental design and physical interventions such as lighting, he expansion and construction of passages, urban furniture, reduced enclosure, diverse applications, active partitions and the presence of accessible terraces have been made in comparison with undeveloped and unplanned areas

Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of urban management services in Urban Texture using the SERVQUAL model and seek to answer these questions whether the performance of urban management in a limited study based on the SERVQUAL model in the form of five dimensions of sensitivity, Confidence, trust, accountability and empathy have been successful? . In order to measure the reliability of the questionnaires, the CRONBACH alpha coefficient was used which was calculated by the SPSS software (0.72) which shows the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. By nonparametric tests WILCOXON, Friedman, test T is also used in statistical ANALYZES.THE results of the study showed that there is a significant difference between the level of satisfaction of the subjects with individual characteristics, and this fact has had a significant effect on their satisfaction with the quality of urban services. dimension (33.3) indicates that citizens have no easy access to urban management for the transfer of their opinions and suggestions and criticisms of various developmental, social and economic issues at the level of urban neighborhoods, and in the dimensions of the guarantee It involves the creation of confidence among citizens, the expectations of citizens are less fulfilled, and the impact of these probable factors is clearly evident in the gap between expectations of respondents' perceptions

Informal settlements is such phenomena that has emerged after structural changes and problems and difficulties economic - social as flow of rapid urbanization and much rural migration in most countries of the world especially third world countries. In Iran also in addition to the above process increase and accumulation of oil revenues and land reform after the forties and increasing economic gap between urban and rural areas, imposed war, natural disaster and macro and micro problems and management problems extended the scope of this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is identified the causes of marginalization in towns(Case Study of Sari). The main research question is that what is most important factors in the formation of informal settlements in Sari? The hypothes is that arises in this research To answer the main question is that Economic factors is most important cause of urban margins. In this research after collecting data by using questionnaires and analysis of the relationships of between variables in the swot table by monitoring field and satellite imagery and using of the software ARCGIS10 been analyzed problems regarding informal settlements of residents of suburban surrey¬

Chaotic and uncontrolled physical expansion of cities is one of the problems of the city and citizenship of the third world in the modern time , so that, through a continuous process, the physical limits and spaces of the city is growing, in terms of quantity and qualityin both vertical and horizontal directions . Therefore, one of the causes for forming this trend and also one of the most important consequences of it , is the urban outskirting. And if this process is being quick and uncontrolled, will lead to an inappropriate combination of problematic urban spaces .Therefore, one of the most important factors in shaping this trend and also one of the most important consequences of it, is the urban outskirting.These areas, from the view point of physical-social indicators are situated in an undesirable conditions.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is the evaluation of cellular physical - social parameter's changes in the marginal areas at the north part of Tabriz city. Thestatistical population is the marginalized areas of the northern part of Tabriz in 1996-2006. The study method is of applied descriptive-analytical and comparative one and to evaluate the changes ranged from 1996 to 2006, LCM and Crosstab method have been used in software environment Edrisi Selva.The study results by Crosstab method suggests that physical - social indicators during this time period at downskirts areas at the northern part of Tabriz city has improved in quality and quantity. During this period, as we close from the geographic downskirts to the city texture, the quantity and quality indicators will increase and shows that in this course , the movement of indicators in urban blocks has improved from the margin to the text part.

Marginalization in Iran, like many developing countries, a manifestation of the growing spatial inequalities in cities. This location, in the city of Tabriz - as one of the metropolitan cities - with increasing speed increases. Thus, identifying deficiencies and shortcomings in marginalized areas is unavoidable. According to the analysis of spatial inequalities in marginalized urban areas, this study aimed to analyze the distribution of social inequality and showing gestures to the inequity of the geographical margins of the text or rather marginalized in the northern city of Tabriz. The study was used applied a descriptive, analytical and comparative model of factor analysis in SPSS software. In this study, 15 social indicators to become in 1375 the four factors combined and three of in 1385 and the results of the factor analysis model for evaluating utilization of social inequality has been used. Based on the preliminary findings of the 2090 Block 1375 36 Block 73/1 percent very favorable, 311 Block is equivalent to 1/10 of the optimum, 1312 Blocks of 76/62 percent state average, the equivalent of 412 Block 71/19 percent unfavorable and 119 blocks of 6/5 percent are considered very undesirable. Based on the preliminary findings of the study area in 1385 in the 2116 block of 71 blocks of 35/3% of very good, 1031 block of 73/48 percent favorable, 816 block of 56/38 percent state average, the equivalent of 153 Block 23/7 percent unfavorable and 45 blocks of 13/2 percent very poor, are known. Statistics indicate that there are social indicators in the study area from 1375 to 1385 there has been a qualitative improvement. Including procedures to improve these indicators can be the ground for women's participation in various activities socio - economic cited And vocational training for immigrants.