جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کلان شهر تبریز » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The development and intensification of marginalization and informal settlement around cities has been influenced by unequal political-economic relations at the global level, the weakness of national plans at the middle level, and urban planning at the micro level and in this regard, the city of Tabriz, like other big cities of Iran, has attracted a huge number of people from rural areas and sparsely populated cities.

The current research, from the point of view of the nature of the method, is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research is the residents of the marginal areas of Tabriz metropolis (Ghorbani, Silab, Heydarabad, Maralan, Sari-Zami, Akhme-Qiya, Akahre Taleghani, parts of Laleh, Ghazandaghi and Patogh neighborhoods). According to the census of Iran Statistics Center in 2015, it had a population of 309,581 people, and using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as the research sample, and people who had sufficient information in this field were selected as the sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics (sample t-test, Kendall, factor analysis and structural equation technique) were used to analyze data and information.

The results show that the most important effective factors in intensifying and expanding marginalization in Tabriz metropolis are; 1) management and planning, policymaking and technology, 2) economic attractions, population growth and environmental hazards, 3) income inequality and access to jobs and facilities, 4) economic repulsions, place of origin and disputes ethnic, 5) socio-cultural repulsions of the previous residence, 6) the growth of the village population and the desire to migrate, and 7) finding a job and housing. Among them, the first and second factors are of special importance with the special value of 5.60 and 5.45, respectively. Among these, the first factors (management and planning, policymaking and technology) and the second (economic attractions, population growth and environmental hazards) with a special value of 5.60 and 5.45, respectively. are of special importance and the seventh factor is the least important with a special value of 1.51.

The results of the present research show the effect of various factors on the development and intensification of slum, in this regard, quantitative and qualitative factors should be considered in the intensification and expansion of marginalization in metropolitan cities.

Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a growing concern in metropolitan areas, leading to temperature differences between urban centers and surrounding areas due to various ecological, morphological, topographical, and demographic factors. Major Iranian cities have undergone rapid land-use transformations and expanding urbanization, facing the challenge of UHIs.

  This study investigates UHIs in Tabriz, focusing on District 1, Neighborhood 1 as the first area and District 6, Neighborhood 4 as the second area. The study employed Landsat 8 remote sensing images to analyze UHIs in Tabriz, Iran. The images were acquired for the summer season, representing the period of maximum UHI intensity. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated to assess vegetation cover, while land surface temperature (LST) was derived using the single-channel algorithm. Morphological indicators were extracted from OpenStreetMap data.Findings and

The study aims to extract, locate, and analyze UHIs in the study area using specific formulas and prepare relevant maps, focusing on ecological and morphological indicators. The minimum and maximum temperatures in District 1 were 15.88°C and 37.65°C, respectively, while in District 6, they were 24.11°C and 40.87°C. Analyzing the extracted maps based on the selected ecological indicators (vegetation cover, wind, solar radiation, and elevation) and morphological indicators (building height, building density, building façade, and building roofs) in both districts, we concluded that District 1 is cooler due to several factors: higher elevation, better reception of prevailing northeastern winds, more suitable street orientations, lower building heights (mostly one-story), and a higher prevalence of reflective roofs compared to District 6. Although District 6 has better vegetation cover and lower building density.

The right to the city is a human right that includes the city belonging to all citizens and their participation in urban affairs. The right to a city is to ensure equal opportunities and the proper distribution of services and facilities that can play an effective two-way relationship with good urban governance.The present study was applied in terms of type of purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive-analytical method and library and field methods were used to collect data. The statistical population consists of citizens living in the metropolis of Tabriz, which according to the census of the Statistics Center in 2016 had a population of 1558693 people and 497898 households, which using the Cochran's formula, 337 citizens were selected as a sample. In the selection of citizens, people over 20 years of age were interviewed and cluster sampling method was used for sampling in ten metropolitan areas. Data were analyzed using one-sample t-test, mean, Kruskal-Wallis, geographical weight regression and path analysis. Indicators of the right to city theory at the level of Tabriz metropolis have various effects on the realization of good urban governance from the perspective of citizens. Thus, the indicators of acceptance of urban differences and contradictions with a value of 0.242 and freedom of activity in urban space with a value of 0.145 have had the greatest impact on the realization of good urban governance in the metropolis of Tabriz.

Nowadays, resilience has become an important concept in scientific research and political discourses, and it is considered a basic approach in facing all kinds of crises and risks in cities. Also, due to the locality of crises and their effects, planning and managing resilience on a local scale is considered one of the basic principles. Considering the importance of resilience at the local scale, the present research was written with the aim of evaluating the implementation of the principles of resilience and streamlining of risk management at the local scale of Tabriz metropolis. In this regard, the research method is practical in terms of its purpose and in terms of analytical-exploratory nature, in order to analyze information, were used logarithmic regression model, VIKOR multi-criteria decision making model and Shannon's entropy weighting method. The statistical population of the research also includes managers and city officials involved in the field of crisis management, and the size of the statistical sample was determined using the targeted Delphi method of 100 people. The findings of the research show that out of the 9 investigated components, only two components of financial considerations and participatory management with beta coefficients of 0.652 and 0.617 are significant at the confidence level of 0.95 and have been realized. On the other hand, among the investigated components, the most unfavorable situation was the components of knowledge management and accountability and recovery. Also, it is recommended to implement the principles of resilience and streamline risk management only in the 2nd, 5th and 9th districts of Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, it can be said that the implementation of the principles of resilience and streamlining of risk management at the local scale of Tabriz metropolis has an unfavorable situation and we need strategic planning in this field.

Urban regeneration, as a comprehensive and integrated operational vision and approach, seeks to improve the economic, social, physical and environmental conditions of an urban community that has been subject to change; in a way that ultimately leads to a sustainable economic, physical, social and environmental development and improvement. Meanwhile, one of the ongoing problems of human settlements is biological hazards and epidemics such as malaria, influenza and coronavirus (Covid virus 19), which has faced many challenges in different parts of the world, especially cities in various economic, social, environmental and other dimensions. Therefore, there is a need for a framework for planning and regeneration approaches to future cities in order to deal with such risks. For this purpose, the present study has been written with the aim of developing applied knowledge in identifying the factors affecting the realization of sustainable urban regeneration of Tabriz in the post-Corona era. Therefore, the research method is applied in terms of purpose and analytical and exploratory in nature, and data analysis has been done using the Delphi method (15 elites and managers) and the application of cross-impact analysis technique in Micmac software. Based on the obtained results, the most effective among the studied components for sustainable urban regeneration of Tabriz in the post-Corona era are related to the components of information technology management in organizations in charge of urban affairs and emphasis on knowledge-based and knowledge-based management, emphasis on urban governance and urban management system integration, to create a mechanism to achieve the participation of citizens, private institutions and government organizations in the urban management system and the realization of a holistic view in the face of complex issues of cities.

The accurate locating and design of industrial areas can be considered a robust step taken to improve the environment, develop industries, and accurate and logical growth of urban and rural areas. In this research, the number of pollutants is measured during the 30 days of November 2023 to examine and analyze the impact of industrial uses of Tabriz City on its air pollution, and its location and placement in Tabriz have increased the air pollution indicators. The mentioned indicators are revised and examined based on the collected data and available data of research through Geographic Information System (GIS) and using library and analytical methods such as the IDW method.

the variables examined in this study included pollutants and their types over the 30 days of November 2022 in Tabriz Metropolis, which is done through library and data collection methods. Carbon monoxide (CO), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Ozon were collected based on the point method in Kajvar, Hakim Nezami, Azerbaijan Square, Hotel Marmar, Namaz Square, Rah Ahan, Bagheshmal, Abresan, and Behdasht Stations. These data are prepared and expressed as pollutant distribution maps for each pollutant in the form of descriptive maps through ARC GIS software based on the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method.

The results show that the location of industrial areas in Tabriz does not affect the air pollution rate of Tabriz, and has no negative effect on increasing air pollution in Tabriz.

Due to the continuous existence of crises and dangers and the increasing and damages caused by them on cities, in the present era, the concept of urban resilience has become a global consensus to achieve sustainable urban development. In this regard, in order to plan and realize a resilient city, the first step is to identify the dimensions and components of this approach in different urban spaces and textures. Due to the importance of the subject, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors explaining resilience and to investigate the desirability of its various dimensions in the new and old texture of Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, the research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of exploratory-comparative nature that structural equation modeling in Amos software has been used for data analysis. The statistical population of the study also includes citizens of the new and old context of the city of Tabriz, which has been determined as a sample size based on the Cochran's formula of 384 people. Findings indicate that the most important factors explaining resilience in the old texture of Tabriz are individual, social and managerial-institutional factors with a value of 0.63, 0.61 and 0.54, respectively, and in the new texture of the city physical-environmental and economic factors and managerial-institutional with a value of 0.77, 0.72 and 0.69, respectively. The results also show that the new urban texture is in a better position in terms of structural and physical strength, while the old texture has more appropriate human and social capital. This issue is due to the ruling management system, ie technocrats, which has had different effects on the old and new textures of the city.

Nowadays, access to affordable housing is one of the problems of most cities, especially in developing countries, due to which the urban poor are settled in housing that lacks the necessary quality. In this regard, planning to provide affordable housing is considered one of the necessities of today's cities. Considering the importance of the subject, the present research has been written with the aim of assessing the capacity of the housing planning system in providing affordable housing in Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, the research method is practical in terms of purpose and analytical-exploratory in nature. The statistical population of the research also includes managers, officials, experts and academic elites related to the field of housing planning, and using Cohen's formula, 200 people have been determined as the sample size. In line with data analysis, structural equation modeling has been used in Amos software. The findings of the research indicate that the most realizable among the variables of affordable housing planning in Tabriz metropolis are related to the variables of benefiting from realistic proposed models in urban development plans, coordination between the policies of urban and regional planning plans with housing plans and planning, and strict monitoring and control based on the price and quality of materials, which respectively the coefficients extracted based on the structural model are 0.75, 0.71 and 0.69 for each. Also, based on the results of the model, the critical value for all variables (civil, urban development and housing construction policies, public policies and economic policies) is calculated as low as 1.96 and they are not confirmed at the 95% confidence level. In other words, affordable housing planning in Tabriz metropolis is in an unfavorable situation.

One of the most important dangers that always threaten cities is the risk of an earthquake. This danger, with its high power of destruction of buildings and urban infrastructures, causes a lot of damage to cities in terms of financial and human lives. Therefore, in order to increase the capacity to deal with earthquake risks, increasing urban resilience has recently become a basic priority for most governments. Based on this, the current research was written with the aim of vulnerability integrated assessment of ten areas of Tabriz metropolis based on resilience characteristics and related physical indicators and making decisions for effective resilience against earthquakes. In this regard, the research method is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-exploratory in terms of nature. In order to analyze information, have been used AHP techniques in Expert Choice software, PROMETHEE and GAIA and GAIA Web analysis and the opinions of 25 experts. The results of the research show that areas 9, 6 and 2 have high resilience against earthquakes with scores of 0.445, 0.374 and 0.293 respectively, areas 5 and 7 have medium resilience with scores of 0.196 and 0.142 respectively, areas 4, 8 and 3 have low resilience with scores of -0.090, -0.130 and -0.236 respectively and areas 10 and 1 have very low resilience with scores of -0.468 and -0.526 respectively. Also, about 11% of the texture of Tabriz metropolis is in the zone of very high vulnerability and about 13.5% is in the zone of high vulnerability. Therefore, the research results have been able to determine the priority of measures to increase resilience for different levels by identifying vulnerable zones and regions. Therefore, appropriate policy making in the direction of earthquake crisis management is an inevitable necessity, especially in strengthening buildings and city land use planning.

Since the livability is a necessary prerequisite for achieving sustainable development, today, its evaluation and measurement in the field of planning and policy for urban settlements has received much attention. Livability includes various environmental, social and economic dimensions that the evaluation and improvement of each dimension in achieving a livable settlement is necessary.

The purpose of this study is to identify and level the economic indicators affecting the livability of Tabriz metropolis; assessing the economic livability condition in the 10 region of this metropolis

The type of applied research, the method used is descriptive-analytical and the data were collected using field studies and documentary method. The statistical population of the study is households living in Tabriz metropolis. In order to achieve the first goal of the research, first the required indicators of the research were identified using content analysis method, Delphi method and interviews with experts in the form of 12 indicators they were done. Finally, using the MicMac technique, the type of indicators were identified in the form of four types of independent, dependent, linked and key indicators. Also, in order to achieve the second goal of research and evaluation of economic livability of Tabriz metropolis, the identified indicators were examined using the Morris correction technique.

Studied Areas: 

The geographical area of this research is Tabriz metropolis.

The research results indicate that 5 indicators: job security status; Adequate and sufficient income; Having a good job; Appropriate job opportunities and the existence of income-generating opportunities in the region with the impact of 12 are the most effective economic indicators in improving the livability of the metropolis of Tabriz.

Considering the importance of job and income related indicators to create new and diverse job opportunities to reduce unemployment and expand production and commercial activities, it is suggested to take advantage of the strong economic potential of the market in order to create suitable jobs in the region.

Urban poverty is one of the biggest challenges in both developing and developed countries, which is a major obstacle for most governments to achieve the indicators of sustainable development. Therefore, accurate identification of poor areas as well as contexts and processes affecting the formation and spread of poverty is one of the necessities of urban planning and management to deal with the spread of this phenomenon.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the areas of urban poverty and also to analyze the contexts and processes affecting the spatial organization of poverty in Tabriz metropolis.

The research method in the present study is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with analytical-exploratory nature, which in order to collect research data has been used from the information available in the statistical blocks of 1996 and 2016 in Tabriz and to interview the managers and academic elites specializing in urban poverty (15 people based on the Delphi method) and to analyze the data, has been used the Q-factor analysis model and the nearest neighbor index (NNI) in GIS software.

Studied Areas:

The geographical area of the research includes 10 regions of Tabriz metropolis.

Findings show that the contexts and processes of spatial expansion and organization of poverty in Tabriz metropolis include the three main factors of inefficiency of the management structure and macroeconomic system, discriminatory management structure and economic system and the characteristics of immigrants and low-income people, which in total, they explain 83.536% of the total variance.

The results show that in 1996, most of the suburban areas of the city were in an unfavorable situation, while in 2016, the organization and spatial distribution of poor areas in the city and the distribution of clusters of poor areas during this period of 20 years has been reduced.

By entering the 21st century and the rapid process of globalization and changing the role of cities and turning them into centers for attracting capital, goods, information, knowledge, and innovation, we are witnessing the increasing participation of cities in the global economy. An economy that changed from traditional in the last two to three decades today is based on knowledge. Following these changes, the cities of the future must become innovative and competitive to compete, maintain and improve their position in the global arena and respond to the diverse needs of customers. In this regard, when the competition among cities was raised, the urban planning and management system to compete in the international arena and gain this competitive advantage, by changing its attitude from environmental resources to human resources, trying to preserve its limited natural resources and potentials. To base the development of the city on the resources and potentials that are produced and reproduced. Because these resources and forces are human potentials and creative and innovative forces, they seek to upgrade their infrastructure to encourage innovation and include different national, regional, technological, and sector levels. Given that national economic performance is strongly linked to regional economic performance, a regional approach is the most appropriate method to formulate and implement national innovation systems.On the other hand, due to the need for the necessary infrastructure to create innovation in the cities of developing countries, including Iran, and the uncertainty caused by the environmental complexity, the future forecast for the development of innovation has become difficult, so that with the increase of changes and transformations, reliance on planning methods Based on forecasting, it does not meet the needs of the macro management of the country, and the heavy shadow of uncertainties and the emergence of discontinuous and surprising events changed the situation in such a way that predicting the future seems difficult for planners. For this reason, researchers take advantage of the capabilities of the emerging knowledge of futurism and introduce foresight into the planning and forecasting activities, one of which is scenario planning, and its purpose is to expand thinking about the future and widen the range of alternatives. which can be desired, in this regard, the metropolis of Tabriz has advantages such as a dense industrial economic environment as one of the main industrial hubs of the country, the existence of various industrial support institutions, a significant concentration of higher education centers and research centers such as Tabriz University, parks Science and growth centers, strong communication network and ease of communication with other places and markets inside and outside the border have been chosen to plan the development of regional innovation in the metropolis of Tabriz based on the future research approach.

Double-click for synonyms and definitions (all sites) ✕ Copy text Current research is applied in terms of purpose and narrative analysis in terms of nature. To gather the required information, two library and field methods were employed. In the library method, using the environmental scanning method, the theoretical foundations, background of the subject, and the collection of effective dimensions and indicators in the field of regional innovation were investigated, and in the field method, the required information was completed in several stages by using semi-structured questionnaires. The statistical population of the research also includes 32 qualified people in the industry, university, and government sectors, who were selected by purposeful sampling. To analyze the data, Mic Mac, Scenario Wizard and SWAT software were used, along with the inductive method.

In this research, to obtain the key factors affecting regional innovation in the metropolis of Tabriz, the Delphi method and environmental survey have been used, and finally, 71 variables have been collected in 5 dimensions; After identifying the required variables and extracting the key factors, Mic Mac software was used. The results of Mic Mac software show that among the 71 factors affecting regional innovation in the Tabriz metropolis, 13 factors including the appropriate culture of productivity, Laws, and regulations, the existence of a teamwork culture between activists and established industrial units, information and communication technology infrastructure, sufficient funding for university research infrastructure, higher education, patent programs, higher education policy, performance evaluation and reward system, financial support, tax system Special and flexible for research and development, the existence of joint research centers between university and industry and the level of interaction and cooperation between university and industry play a key role and each of them somehow causes or accelerates the innovation process of the region at the level of Tabriz metropolis. In this regard, possible scenarios have been designed for each of the key factors, and these scenarios have been analyzed after scoring by Delphi panel experts using the Scenario Wizard software; The results of the analysis of the scenario wizard software show that 3 strong scenarios, 12 believable scenarios, and 8462 weak scenarios are facing regional innovation in Tabriz metropolis.

The results of the research show that among the three strong, weak, and believable scenarios, the believable scenario was chosen as the basis of analysis because it was intermediate between the other two scenarios and had the necessary favorability. Interest induction was said to be and the results of the inductive method include three categories: gold scenario, alert scenario, and disaster scenario. Finally, the validity of the scenarios was used to determine the level of implementation of the golden scenarios, disasters and warnings. According to the opinions of the experts, reaching the disaster scenario seems very pessimistic due to the critical conditions in all factors, and the warning scenario does not follow the continuation of the existing situation and the lack of change in the conditions and the improvement of regional innovation. For this reason, the opinions of the experts indicate their consensus on the golden scenarios, which are based on favorable situations in both environmental and organizational dimensions. Because by implementing this scenario and focusing on each of the key drivers, we will see an increase in the level of regional innovation over the given horizon.

The excessive increase in the urban population in recent years has caused an increase in consumption and, as a result, the production of all kinds of waste in urban areas. Currently, one of the most important environmental issues in the city of Tabriz is urban waste management. Knowing the opinions and participation of citizens in waste management is essential. Therefore, the current research aims to identify and explain the key drivers affecting citizens' participation in urban waste management. The current research method is an explanatory description with practical-developmental goals. The required data has been collected in two documentary and field methods. The statistical population is all citizens of the Tabriz metropolis. The results showed that the score obtained on the Likert scale is equal to 3.08. The highest averages for regions 1, 2, 9, and 5 are 3.15, 3.13, 3.12, and 3.11, respectively, and the lowest for region 4 is 3.03. Despite the obtained results, there is a possibility of instability due to the low averages obtained. The relationships between them were explained by extracting 44 factors, applying the opinions of 50 experts to determine the importance of factors, and using the interaction/structural effects analysis method in Mic Micmac Fuzzy software. The results showed that the most effective direct factors include social capacity building, active participation of stakeholders, social trust, social capital, civil society institutions and organizations (CSO), establishing interaction between the participant and the participant, and training the rights and duties of citizenship and NGOs. The obtained factors show the role of social factors, cultural infrastructure, and bottom-up planning, which have been associated with positive feedback and successful experiences worldwide in recent years.

Due to the importance of the subject, the purpose of this study is to investigate the spatial urban poverty and also to identify the factors affecting the spatial organization of this phenomenon in Tabriz. In this regard, the research method is applied in terms of purpose and the approach is governing spatial analysis. For this purpose, were used to to analyze the research information the nearest neighbor index (NNI) and Hot Spot Analysis in GIS software, as well as the structural equation analysis model in AMOS software. Findings show that the slums of Tabriz have spread in the center, suburbs and west of the city and the distribution of these zones based on the Z index has been clustered. On the other hand, can be seen the spatial duality of poverty between the east and west of the city and the marginal and central areas. Also, factors affecting the expansion and spatial organization of the poor areas of the city can be seen in the macro level to the variables of discriminatory and impoverished mechanisms based on the unfair distribution of power, wealth and income and increasing class distance between different strata and at the micro level to the variables of increasing population. And the inefficiency of the official land and housing markets of Tabriz pointed out that the value of these variables based on the structural model is 0.83, 0.77, 0.69 and 0.63, respectively.

The metropolis of Tabriz, as the largest population center in northwest Iran, has seen a lot of physical and population growth in recent years, with the density and development of economic and infrastructure projects on the one hand, and the expansion of problematic structures on the other hand, as well as the inability of the urban management system to regulate these issues has made this city face many problems and vulnerability in times of crisis. In this regard, there is a need to achieve sustainable development by emphasizing approaches such as passive defense in spatial planning and organizing the spatial structural and functional system.

Goal:

Considering the importance of spatial planning and benefiting from approaches such as passive defense in order to achieve sustainable development, the aim of the current research is to analyze the spatial planning system of Tabriz metropolis with emphasis on the parameters of passive defense and to provide solutions to achieve the desired pattern in the spatial planning system and realize sustainable development.

The research method is quantitative with an applied-developmental nature, in order to analyze the data, partial least squares model was used in Warp-PLS software. The statistical population of the research also includes managers, officials and urban experts of Tabriz (about 1500 people) and the sample size is estimated to be 340 people based on the modified model of Cochran.

Geographical area of research:

The geographical scope of the research includes Tabriz metropolis.

The findings of the research show that among the six components emphasized by the planning system with an emphasis on passive defense, only the population component with a coefficient of 0.51 at the 95% confidence level has been realized in Tabriz metropolis and the five components of vital infrastructure, physical infrastructure, open spaces, roads And the roads and land use and functions have not been realized, and the coefficients obtained from the structural model for these components are equal to 0.23, 0.38, 0.32, 0.27 and 0.42, respectively.

The results indicate that the non-realization of passive defense in spatial planning of Tabriz is caused by inadequacies in the decision-making system (integrity and systemic), content of plans (realism, flexibility and foresight) and implementation (commitment and transparency).

In the present age, the main cause of crises in human societies is rooted in social inequalities and lack of social justice. In this regard, the purpose of this study is the future of social justice research in the spatial structure of Tabriz metropolis. This research is applied in terms of purpose and according to the components under study, the prevailing approach is descriptive-analytical method and in terms of method is a combination of library and survey methods. The scope of research of Tabriz metropolis and the statistical population of 50 experts in the field of urban issues, including experts of Tabriz metropolitan municipality, consulting engineers and some university professors specializing in the field of study. In order to analyze the data, environmental and Delphi scanning techniques were used to extract the primary factors and Micmac software was used to identify the key factors. Based on the findings of the Delphi method and environmental scanning, 30 factors in the economic, physical, social, cultural and political fields were identified as the primary effective factors in achieving spatial justice in the spatial structure of Tabriz metropolis. After analysis by Mick Mac software, finally 11 factors including equal access to sustainable housing, equal access to educational opportunities, equitable distribution and equal access to cultural facilities and services, equal access to positions and economic opportunities Equitable distribution of infrastructure, facilities and equipment, equal access to health and medical facilities, welfare, recreation, equitable distribution of wealth and income, good urban governance, access to equal opportunities in the use of facilities and resources, and fair access to security for all people in the region In contrast, physical, mental and psychological threats were identified as key factors in achieving social justice in the spatial structure of Tabriz metropolis.

The rapid increase in population and the lack of suitable land for development, and on the other hand, the lack of clarity of urban development policies in macro and local dimensions, have caused temporary and local solutions such as the creation of high-rise buildings to be proposed. Despite the increase in urban land per capita, these buildings have caused negative effects in different dimensions due to the lack of proper planning and design. Considering the importance of the subject, the aim of the current research is to investigate the physical-environmental consequences by the increase in high-rise construction in Tabriz metropolis and to provide suggestions for the construction of future buildings. The research method in the current research is mixed (combination of quantitative-qualitative methods) with an applied purpose and a descriptive-analytical nature, in order to analyze the information, structural equation modeling was used in Amos software. The statistical population of the research includes the citizens of regions 1, 2 and 5 of Tabriz, that is, the residents around Aftab Towers in Valiasr (region 1), Asman towers in El Goli (region 2) and Mehr towers in Roshdieh (region 5), which is in line with determining the volume Cochran's sampling method was used and the sample size was determined to be 384 people. The findings of the research show that the most important physical-environmental consequences caused by high-rise construction in Tabriz metropolis are related to air pollution components, surrounding functions and uses, and visual effects. Also, among the sub-components, the most important consequences are related to reducing the capacity of the road network, increasing air pollution, imposing additional pressure and load on urban facilities and services, and visual disruption, for which the value of the structural model is 0.91, 0.85, 0.77 and 0.71 respectively.

The current research aims to investigate the status of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing and to identify the key and influencing factors on the future of this sector in the Tabriz metropolis. The current research method is practical in terms of its purpose, and the description of the evolutionary process of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in the last 40 years and the analysis of factors affecting the future state of this sector have led to the fact that the current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. To collect data from statistical yearbooks, censuses of different periods and the environmental survey method, and to analyze the data and determine the key factors, the interaction/structural effects analysis method with MICMAC software was used. The results of the research show that from 1976 to 2016, most of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in the metropolis of Tabriz have improved. In the same way, 61 factors in five areas that have the greatest influence on the future state of housing in the municipality of Tabriz were selected using the method of environmental scanning. Among the mentioned factors, using the mutual/structural effects analysis method, 11 key factors that play the most significant role in the future state of housing in the metropolis were selected. Tabriz has been extracted, which includes: economic growth, inflation, household income and savings, land and housing prices, sanctions, exchange rate changes, banking facilities, unemployment rate, political changes, purchasing power and management style. Among the above 11 factors, economic factors have the largest share with 82% share and political-management factors are the next with 18% share. Therefore, the improvement of the housing situation in the metropolis of Tabriz depends to a large extent on the improvement of the economic conditions.

The global population pattern has a growing trend towards aging and it is necessary to ideally plan and design urban spaces, structures and services with the elderly in mind. In this regard, in 2006, the World Health Organization proposed 8 key indicators as the necessities of an elderly-friendly city, which requires the planning and design of cities in line with the realization of these indicators. Considering the importance of realizing age-friendly city in today's era, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the planning and design of age-friendly city in Tabriz metropolis. The research method in the current study is quantitative with an applied-developmental nature, in order to analyze the data, partial least squares model was used in Warp-PLS software. The statistical population of the research also includes managers, officials and urban experts of Tabriz (about 1500 people) and the sample size is estimated to be 340 people based on the modified model of Cochran. The findings of the research show that the most effective in the realization of age-friendly city in Tabriz is in the planning dimension related to the components of the integrated planning and management system and institutional coordination and participation, and in the design dimension related to the components of the elderly-friendly body and transportation, respectively, the coefficients extracted based on The structural model of the research was 0.76, 0.68, 0.62 and 0.57 for each. Also, the results indicate that benefiting from inclusive views of urban spaces such as Bankzon's, Goldsmith's, and social design is an inevitable necessity for the realization of age-friendly city in Tabriz.