جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "management model" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Management with the role of mediation of participation by providing a context for benefiting from the benefits of local residents' participation in management can be very efficient in the direction of social justice and reconstruction of Urban Peripheral space. Based on this, it is definitely not possible to manage Urban Peripheral areas without people's participation and using new management methods. Also, according to the evaluations made by Friedman, solving the problems faced by the cities and their Urban Peripheral areas in developing countries including Iran, through the improvement and effective institutional capacity building in the management structure and design processes of decision-making and Participatory planning with different groups and stakeholders of Urban Peripheral arenas is possible. In this regard, the studied area of Khash city in Sistan and Baluchistan province has undergone many changes during the last few decades, including the increase of the urban population, the physical expansion of urban settlements and the annexation of surrounding villages to the city, the loss of agricultural lands. And it has been converted into residential uses. In fact, the city of Khash, due to many changes over time, with a set of factors, has increased the quantitative and physical level of the city beyond the conventional standards, which itself has caused problems for the areas around the villages. Therefore, the main problem of the current research is to identify the management model of Urban Peripheral areas with emphasis on the role of participation in Khash.

In terms of purpose, the current research is applied and interpretive and analytical in nature, and in terms of method, it is in the group of qualitative and quantitative researches. In order to analyze the data, grand theory method and Expert Choice software have been used. The method of collecting information was document and library studies and interviews and questionnaires. The statistical population in the current research also includes experts and elites in the field of urban and rural planning. In order to collect the sample population based on the purposeful sampling method; a number of (20) people were selected as the sample community.

The results showed that the set of causal conditions includes (use of native knowledge of villagers, obtaining appropriate credits and facilities in line with people's participation in managers, creating a discourse for the institutionalization of participation in urban peripheral areas, informing the residents of urban peripheral about the importance of their participation in the process of implementing development plans, strengthening institutional capacities); Background conditions include (strengthening the sense of trust between officials and local residents, good governance, training in participatory management among relevant organizations, increasing the belief in the usefulness and usefulness of participation in management-related issues) and (optimal and decentralized management conditions, decentralized approach in the development of urban peripheral areas, benefiting from the experiences of other countries and using all the capacities of local urban peripheral residents (women, men, youth)); were identified as intervening conditions. Then the strategies that lead to the management of urban peripheral areas with an emphasis on the role of participation, include (drawing the vision of urban peripheral areas with an emphasis on participatory management, a gathering of experts, managers of relevant organizations and local residents of urban peripheral areas regarding barriers to participation, decision-making and the right policy) were identified. In the following, categories such as: people's participation in all stages of decision-making, planning, implementation and operation, sustainability of urban peripheral areas, physical-spatial development, improving the quality of life of local communities, balance and balanced growth as consequences and political obstacles, the inappropriate structural-institutional model of the management system, the lack of mention of the role of policy making in the management of urban peripheral areas, in achieving the management of urban peripheral areas by emphasizing the role of participation they were considered as obstacles. Finally, the results showed; Among the causal conditions, obtaining appropriate credits and facilities in line with the participation of people to managers with a value of 0.245, background conditions: strengthening the sense of trust between officials and local residents with a weight value of 0.300, intervening conditions: strengthening the sense of trust between officials and local residents with a weight value of 0.296, between proposed strategies: decision-making and correct policy making with a value of 0.400, consequences: sustainability of urban peripheral areas with a weight value of 0.277 and finally, among the obstacles: the inappropriate structural-institutional model of the management system with a weight value of 0.356 has been assigned the most importance in the management of urban peripheral areas with emphasis on the role of mediation of participation.

The management approach in the Urban Peripheral areas of Hash is the urban-rural government, whose managers consider themselves the guardians of the residents and implement their policies and programs at will without the smallest survey and participation. The result of this type of management is the exclusion of people in the decision-making process. Accordingly, it is necessary to use the ability and participation of local residents.

Geotourism is a relatively new subfield of tourism that focuses on the evaluation, behavior, and management of landforms as tourism destinations in urban and rural areas. The achievement of this field would be, in addition to the sustainability of the environment, the revival and exploitation of the cultural heritage and entrepreneurship of the indigenous community in urban and rural areas. In line with economic and cultural developments in rural areas adjacent to geomorphosites and their evaluation, this study tried to develop a management model with the aim of implementing the results of geomorphosite evaluation in the rural territory of Mahalat city. This study used field and library studies. Field studies consist of two stages. The first stage includes the identification and evaluation of sites and the pathology of the existing situation, and the second stage includes the formulation of a management model and its adaptation to the studied characteristics. The results of this study, in the form of a rural geotourism management model, were categorized into eight main steps: 1) formulating the vision of geotourism in villages; 2) identifying the ecology of the studied area; 3) evaluating geomorphosites; 4) identifying the equilibrium capacity of geomorphosites in response to natural and human hazards; 5) investigating the scale of geotourism; 6) analyzing the opportunities and challenges of natural management; 7) analyzing the opportunities and challenges of human management; 8) matching the model with the set goals. Generally, the determined issues can be met through the interaction of the central government, local management and experts in order to achieve the goals of geotourism and the development of rural society. The final results of the implementation of the management model, including the identification, evaluation, interpretation, application of management components, show deficiencies in the management process in this field. The local community, especially the villages (including Khorheh), can use organized sources with the help of scientific approaches and construct inexpensive tourism infrastructures (public health services, second homes, brochures, etc.) to bring about the development of villages, especially improve their employment.

IntroductionThe research present the optimal model of urban ecotourism management in Marivan city. Materials and MethodsThe research method is exploratory-applied and quantitative. The statistical population of the study is tourists who come to Marivan city, for which 130 people have been selected by sampling using the Cochran's formula in a simple random way. The research instrument included a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS structural equation software. Discussion and resultsExamination of the results showed that the ecotourism management model in the mountainous urban area of Marivan is not in a good condition and does't follow the integrated statistical management. ConclusionThe optimal model of ecotourism management in the context of sustainable tourism development is the integrated governance model.

Management of separation of dry waste from the source by providing executive methods and creating appropriate facilities to attract maximum public participation to preserve the environment and sustainable development goals, is important. The main purpose of this study was to compare the source separation management model with the methods of referring to the source of production and using the reverse vending machine in the western regions of Tehran.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive-survey method, which was conducted to analyze information from the mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) in 2020 in areas 5, 9, 21, and 22 of Tehran Municipality. Due to the spatial nature of the location and due to the inherent uncertainty of urban issues, the basis of this study is to prepare information layers based on factors and criteria affecting the spatial distribution of origin separation management model in the methods of referring to the door of production bases and setting up their devices. Dry waste was collected and combined and overlapped in ARC GIS 10.7 software using hierarchical analysis and fuzzy logic inference.

Comparative results of the dry waste recycling management model in the western regions of Tehran showed that in the methods of referring to the door of production bases and location of reverse vending machines, 5 and 9 criteria, respectively, are effective in the management model and to implement dry waste separation. From the origin with the method of referring to the source of production and the method of setting up the reverse vending machine, 87% and 66% of the total studied area, respectively, had the optimal productivity.

Considering the importance and necessity of efficient separation of waste from the source, the results of this study show that the implementation of the dry waste management model by referring to the source of production compared to the method of setting up the reverse vending machine It has more efficiency, effectiveness, and scope.

One of the main tasks of hazard knowledge is to study the situation and value of the human environment that is vulnerable to all types of natural and human hazards. Hazards in the environment are caused by the instability of the characteristics of natural environment (land surface, biological phenomenon, climate) and human environment (security, technology, etc.), which appear as dangerous events due to human interventions and infrastructures caused by urban-rural developments. In general, it is necessary to take several steps towards designing management models to achieve and formally apply the perspectives of risk knowledge and reduce and manage environmental risks. Establishment of a relationship between the various components of environmental hazards requires the researchers to formulate hazard trends through a model so that this complex and multidimensional process can be easily understood and implemented. This pattern would be a theoretical and simplified representation of the real world. For researchers, who try to understand and apply the principles of risk knowledge in urban and rural settings, this model is a theoretical tool consisting of concepts, hypotheses, and indicators that facilitate selection and collection of the information needed to achieve the basic goals. This research tried to study the risk of landslides in Rudbar in the form of a management model, including risk identification, risk and hazard assessment, zoning, etc., so as to manage and alleviate hazards in the urban and rural areas of Rudbar region. At the same time, the roles of central government and local management in lowering risks were evaluated by reviewing the required measures. The related institutions have a pivotal position in the development and risk management of this area and are capable of taking executive measures to reduce risks and vulnerability within their frameworks, provide sustainability of urban and rural settlements against geomorphological hazards, highlight the challenges ahead, especially from a managerial perspective, and define and present solutions in this regard. 

In terms of methodology, this paper was based on a quantitative method (assessment and zoning of landslide hazards using a network-derived decision model) and a qualitative method (development of an environmental risk management model with an emphasis on sustainability of urban and rural areas). In the first part, a library method, including a review of theoretical studies of hazard knowledge, landslide analysis, drawing and analysis of related maps, etc., was utilized to develop a management model for environmental hazards. In the second part, by combining the library and field methods, i.e., scientific observation and regional study, several interviews were done with the executive community (governorate officials and district municipality), scientific community (environmental risk experts and urban and rural planners), and local community (natives of Rudbar and adjacent villages) to formulate management components and analyze the current situation for developing a management model of environmental hazards in the study area. The landslide risk zoning process was designed and evaluated within the framework of a network-derived decision model. Assessing and interpreting risk levels via a management model are very important since development of a model highly depends on the evaluation. If the prevailing risk situation in a region is favorable, its management issue may either be eliminated or appear different from the expected disastrous conditions.

 Findings

In general, environmental risk management requires interaction of geographical sciences with each other. Therefore, in the formulation and study of environmental risk management models in urban and rural areas, it is necessary to study geographical and other related sciences along with the knowledge of urban-rural planning and applied geomorphology. In this research, the position of each of them in the implementation steps of the environmental risk management modeling of Rudbar region was addressed. For formulating a conceptual model and routing the sustainable management of landslide hazards, various steps must be taken based on the mutual and effective roles of the academic community or researchers, the executive community or decision makers, and the indigenous community or local people with regard to demand resilience. A wide-range geosystem, including coastal and wind geosystems, etc., is associated with different geomorphic actions and reactions and therefore, each management style would be unique in nature. For example, the issues of resilience, prevention, risk preparedness, and special management capacity would generally require special areas. In this regard, the present research as a case study examined the most susceptible management model in the form of risk knowledge in 9 main steps (Fig. 3) through the implementation process. According to this proposed model, the first step began with the definitions, goals, and perspectives of risk and risk knowledge and the final step ended with a review of the measures taken with the objectives in mind. The scientific support of environmental risk management in the forms of a study and implementation requires a combination of theoretical, practical, technical, and executive studies. 

Hazard knowledge is a broad and continuous set of theoretical and field studies of risk management and executive measures. The goals and prospects of this knowledge can be achieved to reduce and manage environmental risks by identifying and taking various steps in line with management models. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt was made to develop a natural hazard management model, especially for landslides, that controls urban and rural areas. In this regard, after applying the theoretical foundations of hazardology, the natural hazards were classified by determining the dominant hazards in the study area with the help of theoretical and field studies. These hazards were then analyzed and zoned. At this stage, by determining the effective elements in the occurrence of landslide risks, including slope, slope direction, lithology, land use, average annual rainfall, distance from faults, waterways, and residential centers, and weighting these elements in relation to each other,  each element was zoned based on the experts’ opinions, study background, and field visits by using the network analysis method to assess the performance of urban landslide risks. The results showed that among the studied variables, the two factors of slope and lithology had the largest effective coefficients in the occurrence of landslide risk in Rudbar region. Only 22% of the areas with a slope class of less than 20% was within the specified range. This is while the appropriate slope range for urban construction based on sustainable urban planning standards is between 8 and 15 degrees. Among other hazardous elements playing a role in the urban landslide occurrence of Rudbar region, the lithological factor was shown to be vulnerable in terms of mass. In this region, the predominant lithological structure consisted of periodic Eocene volcanic rocks, sandstones alternating between shale layers, and Quaternary alluviums that were sensitive to human activities, such as construction of settlements, intercommunication routes, etc. In the next step, the results were evaluated and interpreted based on the status of urban and rural settlements so as to explore the areas of natural and human geographical capacities and components of risk reduction, while studying the hardware and software measures required by the central government of Gilan Province and Rudbar Municipality and reviewing services before and after the occurrence of danger, risk thresholds and resilience, and the residents’ levels of education. Finally, after achieving the knowledge of risks, the environmental risks were comparatively studied to properly manage them. Keywords: natural hazards, management model, network analysis process, environmental sustainability, Rudbar region .

This research aims to study Water governance management model application in urban wastewater usage management by farmers. This is a quality-case study and carried out by field stud method. Sample includes all Persian county central part suburb farmers (Boochir and Mehrgan sub-urban areas) and active employees in field of water resources management in Iran water resources management Co., agriculture jihad organization, environment preservation organizations and NGOs. Research hypotheses were assigned and then a questionnaire designed to collect data and hypothesis tests. In descriptive statistics, it was used frequency distribution tables, average, standard deviation, percentage. In deductive and hypothesis analysis part, it was used one-sample T-test, one-factor variance analysis, turkey test, Friedman test and also it was used SPSS statistical software. Results showed that there is significant relationship between farmers’ individual features and tendency to water resources governance management. Also, there is significant relationship between economic-social and educational-training factors and local society participation in water resources governance management.
In farmers’ views, government support has significant influence on water resources governance management improvement. Also there are significant relationships between farmers’ knowledge and awareness level about water resources governance management programs with water resources governance management improvement. Also there are significant relationships between farmers’ knowledge and awareness level about water resources governance management programs with water resources governance management improvement.