جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « rural managers » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

 Rural areas are a well-known research topic. Development in these areas is due to the efficiency of agricultural institutions that should ensure the welfare of these areas and employment and population factors that lead to the growth of welfare. In relation to these areas, development is to improve the living conditions and is the most important solution to solve the problems of the villagers. But for this issue, the first step will be to identify the challenges and obstacles to development in these areas, one of the main axes of which is to pay attention to the managerial performance of managers in these communities.

 On the one hand, research is a qualitative research that seeks to explore and identify the factors affecting the management of managers in the development of rural areas, and on the other hand, it is a quantitative research, because it tries to describe these factors statistically by tests. From the point of view of research classification, based on purpose, research is of applied type. Because it seeks to apply the theories, regularities, principles and techniques developed in basic research to solve practical and real problems. Also, in terms of the possibility of controlling variables, the present study is a quasi-experimental research, because due to the post-event nature of the research, it is not possible to control variables completely. In the qualitative part of the research, sampling was done randomly and selectively from local residents. In the end, after reaching the theoretical saturation and reaching the repetitive answers, the qualitative part of the research was completed. But for the quantitative part of the research that sought to describe and identify the factors affecting the performance weaknesses of local managers for development in rural areas, first these criteria should be integrated into factors and sub-factors. On the one hand, this made the research criteria clearer and on the other hand, it made it easier to measure it in the researcher-made questionnaire. Therefore, the semantic units obtained from the interview were coded and classified in three stages. This classification was the basis for designing a questionnaire in the Likert scale. The validity and content of the questionnaire were also confirmed by a panel of experts after simplifying some of the questions and statements. The reliability of the questionnaire for Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.796, which indicates the appropriateness of the research tool for measuring the subject. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the sample population which included 230 samples (according to Cochran's formula) from rural areas of Dolatabad district. The sample size for rural areas was proportional to the number of rural households in these areas. SPSS and Lisral were used to analyze the data. Thus, factor analysis was used as a multivariate analysis technique to evaluate the factors and to show their significance, the T-statistic model was used.

According to the results of the interview, 43 semantic units were obtained which after coding and classification, these criteria were classified into 26 criteria and 4 general dimensions. These criteria are the most important managerial performance of managers in the rural area, which has played an important role in the development of the rural area from the point of view of the local community. After identifying the desired criteria, these criteria were evaluated in a specialized questionnaire by 230 samples from the study population and analyzed in the LISR program. Based on the results, the value of t-statistic for all criteria is more than 1.96, which indicates a significant relationship between criteria and factors. Therefore, all criteria have the necessary accuracy to measure their own structure and each indicator only measures its own structure and the criteria are correctly classified in the form of key barriers. Based on the statistical values ​​obtained, which are the most important results of the analysis, the highest factor load for administrative-organizational factors; Body; It has been social and economic. Therefore, the administrative-organizational factor is studied as the most important factor for the performance of managers in the development of rural areas.

 Identifying and evaluating the performance of managers in the development of the studied rural area was in 4 main dimensions, administrative-organizational, social, economic and physical. In each of these factors, some criteria had the highest factor load. In the administrative-organizational factor, the standard of professional experience and activity of local managers; In the physical factor, the general standard of retrofitting houses in rural areas, which includes the sub-criteria of regulating suitable laws for rural constructions and providing suitable financial resources for retrofitting houses, had the highest factor load. In the social factor, the standard of effective communication and cooperation between managers and local people has been most important. In relation to this standard, it is clear that two-way and mutual communication between managers and local people will lead to cooperative management. This is a standard that the development literature considers its role in realizing development goals to be very important. In the economic factor, the criterion of paying attention to the economic interests of the village was the most important criterion, which had the highest factor load. In general, the findings of the research determined the challenges faced by managers in the development of rural areas. Of course, the subject of the research was only investigating the challenges of managers in rural areas, but the performance of local managers in some areas, especially in the physical-spatial field, has been appropriate. Construction and creation of new roads in the village, improvement and renovation of roads, security of residential units, etc.

The goal of this research is identifying rural managers’ strategies for environmental protection at rural areas of Dashtestan city from Bushehr province. this research was a qualitative research in terms of paradigm and research data was processed in two steps, open coding and radial coding. The Statistical Society of this research is rural managers of Dashtestan city. sampling was performed purposefully and it continues until saturation of data. The data was collected by deep semi-structured interviews in person and virtual. The results were obtained by extracting 68 strategies from rural manages for environment protection. Infrastructure of public places in the village for asphalt, arboriculture at the rural area, install recycle bin in rural area, encourage households to separate trash, cleaning the passages, collecting animal manure and collecting and transporting household trash outside the village was one of the important strategies of rural managers. These strategies were collected and analyzed in 10 steps include strategies of vitality and social vitality, human welfare, residence stability, conservative, environmental resilience, variety, defensive, development, dynamics and compatibility and environment identity.

Rural development is a process that emphasizes the comprehensive promotion of rural life through the context and encouragement of activities in line with the capabilities and bottlenecks in their general sense. It has been able to create the levels of demand (whether high or low, depending on the situation) in rural areas from relevant organizations. One of these organizations is rural municipality, which has been able to bring rural development by providing successful services to meet the needs of rural households. The present study analyzes the relationship between the level of demands of rural households from the performance of villagers in the process of improving rural development in Rashtkhar. The research is applied in terms of purpose and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study included heads of households in the villages of Rashtkhar district, and according to Cochran's formula, the sample size of 353 households was calculated and was distributed randomly. Coopras technique and GIS software were used for ranking and spatial analysis of the villages and Shannon technique and Expert choice software, SPSS were used for statistical data analysis. In this study, the physical-structural index using the Shannon technique has the highest score (0.9633) and the environmental index has the lowest score (0.7542). According to the Coopers technique, Fathabad village has the best situation in terms of 4 indicators of the level of demands of rural households from the performance of villagers among the villages of Rashtkhar village and according to the distribution of villages with GIS software, Fatehabad village ranks first among other villages of Rashtkhar village in terms of Development.

Guidance plan does with economic, structure, social and cultural attitude in Iran and this plan has high effect on rural life. Therefore it is essential that we study guidance plan base of rural managers and rural councils attitude. Investigative method was descriptive, analysis (survey method) and research tools were questionnaire. Statistical society includes rural managers and rural council members. Sampling method in rural managers was census method and rural council methods were random sampling method. Number of rural managers was 31 and number of rural council members was 103 respondents (in councils with 3 members we select 3 respondents and in rural councils with 5 members we select 3 respondents). Results shows that guidance plan have positive effect on structure of village. But in economic and cultural dimensions, there is no effect on villages. Maps of guidance plan were weak. Respondent believe that there are low satisfaction about guidance plan among rural managers and rural council members. It is important and we must notice to it.