جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social effects » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The entrepreneurship development of women is one of the most important topics on the agenda of development worldwide and especially in many developing countries. Some experts of rural development believe that recognizing the capabilities and skills of women, especially rural women, as well as promoting their creative talents in exploiting the profiteable opportunities would have many positive social effects. During the last decade in Iran, the contribution of women in private and non-governmental businesses has been grown, and rural women are employed in small and medium-sized rural enterprises called SMEs. In this regard, the main purpose of the current research was to identify the effects of establish and develop the SMEs of rural women in Marvdasht county of Fars province. The studied population was the members of the microcredit fund of Marvdahdt in rural areas. A random sample of 71 women entrepreneurs were selected for data collection using a survey and questionnaire. Based on the findings, there was a significant difference in the social communication and networking of rural women entrepreneurs that the younger educated women with less membership background, had better interaction and more successful communication with the governmental and private institutions and experts. The effects of rural women's employment in SMEs were categorized into four categories of personal-psychological, economic, cultural-social and environmental due to the exploratory factor analysis. Finally, it is recommended that more rural women should be encouraged and motivated to join to the microcredit rual fund, based on many positive effects of SMEs for the women group as well as the overall rural society. It is also suggested to provide purposeful and structured educational-skill workshops in order to strengthen teamwork and social networking for launching collective businesses.

Among the strategies for the development of nomadic society is settlement of nomads, which can leave different effects and consequences. The consequences of implementing the settlement plan in general can affect the quality of life of nomads in various economic and social dimensions. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic and social effects of the implementation of the settlement plan on the quality of life of the nomads of Khaf city in the four centers of Chah Zul, Baniabad, Nehor and Deh Khatib. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the type of research is applied. Library and field methods (questionnaire and interview) were used to collect information.Based on the statistics of 2017, the statistical population of the research included 779 households, and according to Cochran's formula, 258 samples were calculated and simple random sampling was used to select the households. To analyze the findings, SPSS software and one-sample t-test, Friedman and Vikor's multi-criteria decision-making model were used. The results of examining the average economic-social effects of the implementation of housing projects showed that the highest average in the economic dimension belongs to the center of Khatib with an average of 3.96 and the lowest average also belongs to the center of Baniyabad with an average of 3.59 and in the social dimension the highest average is related to the center of De Khatib with an average of 4.29 and the lowest average belonged to Kanon Baniabad with an average of 3.98. Vicor model showed that the centers of Nehor and Deh Khatib with regard to the indicators of the economic and social effects of implementation of the settlement plan on improving the quality of life among the studied centers, Nahor and Deh Khatib are in the best rank and Chah Zul and Baniabad are at the bottom.

This study evaluates the tourism event of the Pomegranate Festival in Bayangan city to investigate the economic, social, and physical-spatial effects of tourism events. In terms of purpose, the study is applied, and in terms of nature, it is descriptive-analytical, which was carried out using a survey method and questionnaire tool. The collected data were also analyzed using SPSS and ARC GIS software. The statistical population in this research includes the villages of Zardoi, Satyari, Tin, and Dodan, from the Bayangan District of Paveh County, including 712 households. The results of this research show that maximizing opportunities to meet new people, developing the skills of the young to hold these ceremonies, and encouraging collective participation are among the other sociocultural effects of tourism events. In terms of the economy, the effects seem to be at a medium to high level. Among these effects, the highest frequency is related to the price rise during the period of holding the ceremony. In terms of environmental impact, the results indicate that air pollution due to the arrival of tourists’ cars has the highest frequency. Among the negative effects, noise pollution ranks next with a frequency of 50.3 percent. Spearman’s correlation findings indicate a significant relationship at the 0.01 level between holding tourism events and social and economic dimensions. The beta value of the regression test indicates the more important economic impact of tourism events than the social impact.

Land size and dispersion are one of the most important reasons for agricultural stagnation in the villages of Iran, which is consequently a pitfall for rural development. Land consolidation programs such as agricultural joint-stock companies are the solutions for transformation in the agricultural sector. The main objective of these plans is to boost agricultural development, improve the living conditions of villagers and get them to stay in rural areas. Nil Abad Agricultural Joint Stock Company has been an important entity in increasing the income of its shareholders and producing agricultural and livestock products, creating employment and preventing the migration of villagers. This company has supported the development and promotion of mechanized agriculture at the county level. Despite the capabilities of this company, no research has been conducted to observe the different aspects of this company in Torbat-Jam and Nilshahr Counties. Therefore, the current research seeks to investigate the effects and consequences of economic livelihood and socio-cultural integration of agricultural lands with an emphasis on the performance of Nil-Abad-Torbat-Jam Agricultural Joint Stock Company.

The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose. Library and survey methods were used in this research. The population includes households with shares in three villages of Nil-Abad, Safarabad and Pozhegan. The sample size was determined from Cochran's formula with an error of 0.1. One hundred seventy-four households were selected out of 1448 shareholder households. The validity value of the mentioned indicators was obtained in social-cultural (0.685) and economic-livelihood (0.704) dimensions. Finally, in order to investigate the effects and consequences of land consolidation through agricultural joint-stock companies, appropriate tests were carried out in SPSS software.

The analysis of the components of economic-livelihood effects in the studied area showed that the average of the economic-livelihood dimension is 3.54, and in general, the average of the variable of land consolidation in the form of agricultural joint-stock companies is higher than the average. The analysis of the company's impact according to different age groups, education, occupation, number of household members, income and number of shares showed that the average effect is equal, and there is a significant difference between the groups. The findings confirmed that the most important economic and social effects of the implementation of land consolidation programs in the form of agricultural joint-stock companies are above average. Also, according to the board of directors and shareholders of the company, the lowering of the underground water level and water exploitation without a plan and inappropriate strategic plans by the officials will threaten the economic foundation of these companies and the employment and income of the members. Moreover, the initial members have been increased from 276 people to more than 2000 people, which raised the burden of accountability and their expectations from the managers, and reduced the profit shares compared to the expenditure.

Rural tourism has been proposed as a strategy for the development of rural areas due to its diverse functions and high ability to communicate with other economic sectors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of rural tourism in the development of rural areas of Takab city. Research Method In this research, a combination of documentary and survey methods and data collection has been done using direct interview technique and completing a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is the residents of 6 villages of Takab city according to the rules of random sampling. T one-sample and analyze regressin test and analysis of were used to the relationships between variables. The results show that based on the calculated correlation, The coefficient of determination model regression fitting was equal to (0.842) and at the level of %99 was singificant, which indicates the positive effect of rural tourism the dimensions of independent variables of research. Values ß in the economic (0.775), socio-cultural (0.176), physicaland (0.046), environmental (0.057) dimensions. Due to high employment and income generation capacities, rural tourism can play an important and fundamental role in the rural development of the region if the authorities plan carefully and in principle, and if not properly planned, it will cause damage, including environmental crises and There will be social problems in the region.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the social, economic, and environmental effects of drought from the viewpoint of villagers, with the structural equation modeling approach. The purpose of this study is of applied research type, and is essentially a descriptive-correlation research. The population of the study, 1762 heads of households and sample size were determined according to Cochran formula, 316 people. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). In this research, the observed variables were obtained for three components: economic, social, and environmental. Three first-factor factor analysis models were designed, measured, and validated for measuring three sub-scale droughts. Finally, the role and effect of observed variables and their triple components derived from the drought, as the main hidden dependent variable, and the relationships between them, were analyzed with the help of a structural model of the factor-factor analysis (CFA) of the quadratic factor of the second order. The results of the fitting and validation of all three models of drought measurement, and the realization of goals, as well as the quadratic model of second order, were evaluated based on the data for drought evaluation. Finally, drought affected by socioeconomic and social indicators of 0. 97, and environmental index was 0. 87, so the drought in the studied villages areas had the greatest impact on economic and social indicators, and As a result, it has been placed on an environmental index.

Rural development is a multidimensional process, aimed at improving the quality of life of poor and vulnerable rural communities. An important policy for rural development is the emphasis on strategic products tailored to different regions. The numerous applications of saffron and its diversified food consumption and, most importantly, the important role played by farmers in the city of Tehran, highlights the special attention to the issues of saffron production and its role in rural development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of saffron cultivation on the social status of saffron exploiters in the villages of Siahrood district. The present research is a descriptive-analytical method in terms of its purpose and its application. The tool is a collection of information and data in the form of library and field. The statistical population of the study consisted of saffron exploiters in Siahrood district of Tehran (N=145). Using Cochran's formula, 100 people were selected by simple random sampling as sample size. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the data using Spss23 software. The results of the research indicate that the effect of saffron cultivation on social components (satisfaction, range of social relationships and interactions, support and support by organizations and related organizations, participation, sense of belonging) has been among the beneficiaries. The research findings show that the cultivation and production of saffron products, along with the creation and increase of the satisfaction of exploiters' satisfaction with saffron cultivation with a mean (4.34), has been able to increase social participation (4.19), increased support and support by the relevant organizations and organization (3.75), increase the range of social relationships and interactions (3.70). Users and rural households prefer to stay in the village of their place of residence, and as a result, the sense of belonging to the place has increased with an average of (3.92).

The aim of this study was to assess the social impacts of development Distressed urban neighborhoods of Imamzadeh Yahya in Sari city. This Method is sectional descriptive study and this purpose is practical. In order to evaluate the physical environment as well as the main criteria for measuring quality of life was used in the neighborhood Imamzadeh Yahya field method. Statistical Society in this Research is residents of the imamzade Yahya in Sari that this population is 965 people based on Census 1395. The number of households using a sample of 240 people using by Cochran formula and 30 professionals were selected at random in Sari. In the analysis of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of indicators and items was used single-sample t-test and to determine the correlation between quality of life and public services was used regression test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Findings from this research has shown that improving the texture enhance the quality of life of citizens, ease of access to public services and consent of the citizens of process improvement in Imamzadeh Yahya.

Economic and social development of rural settlements is absolutely contingent on basic services, especially transport infrastructure and services. Development of rural settlements as well as the development of different economic sectors, social and industry. So in this article using library and field (questionnaire) to examine the economic and social effects of transport Highways Khorramabad- Paul Zal district in rural areas in the eastern valley has been Poldokhtar city. The construction of the highway from 1384 to over 104 at the junction of two Khorramabad and Andimeshk had begun on 11 Persian dates Aban 1389 and officially came into operation. The statistical population included rural families eastern in Miyankoh (N= 514), 103 households using the Cochrane formula (12 villages) were selected as the sample. For single-sample t-test data analysis, Friedman test, linear regression, and path analysis were used. The results of-of the analysis of the data indicates a freeway positive impact on economic and social indicators in the study area So that increases the income of rural households, Increase household access to markets for agricultural products, The rising cost of agricultural land, Increasing access to health, education, and quality of life in rural areas is studied. Therefore, we can say that one of the most important and best practices for the development of rural settlements, Increased investment in infrastructure and transport in the regions.

Agriculture is the most important activity in Guilan, Rasht and country rural areas. This city main activity is rice planting. This yield plant in addition to economic effects (Job and revenue creation) also has social effects. This research has studied relationship between credit rate and social effects using how rice planting production method. This research independent variable is credit rate and dependent variable social effects (cooperation, mitigating poverty, tendency to have baby, increasing job chances,..). Production method including traditional, mechanized and semi- mechanized has selected as mediatory variable. In this research has used descriptive- analytical method and collected data by questionnaire from 400 rural families. To analyze date and obtain final model in main hypothesis has Used 3d Cross-sectional table by SPSS. Results show that in 95% reliability level could say increasing receive validity increases social effects due to rice plant in traditional production method.

This article aims to measure and evaluate social effects of Mehr housing's areas and Motahari district in Omidiye city emphasizing social inequality. Residents of different districts have been distributed in special areas of the city based on economic and social characteristics (income and education). The research methodology was descriptive. The sample of the study included 320 people using Cochran formula. 160 people belonged to Motahari district and 160 people were from Mehr housing and were questioned randomly. The results of T-Test showed the difference of average of two variables related to residential districts, respondents and social deviations. Considering (sig: 0. 001) and (t:-2.16) the observed difference between two groups was statistically significant. Also the results of variance test connected to two variables showed that there was mutual correlation between the type of residential districts, education and income level and attraction level to social deviations.

By paying attention to the history and the genesis stages of cooperation and cooperative companies, it can be considered that the most important human motivations to cooperate with each other are need and common revenues. These two elements (need and common revenues) provided a common purpose and it is removing the need by cooperation and assistance. Regarding to the most successful countries in economics and social fields, that they are provided by cooperative companies, can be seen that cooperative companies are not applied just in economics. The present research considered the effects of Socio- economic activities in ranching cooperative companies in Sarvelayat, Nishabur County. This research in regard to the purpose is an applied research, it is a descriptive-analysis research based on nature and method. The instruments for gathering information are surveys and studying the documents and records.The surveys are applied to assessment the variables. To assure the validity scale of the survey, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and SPSS software were used. By using the all counting method, all members of the three companies were selected and in considering to the relevant variables of the research (the economy of the rural families) and the irrelevant variables (productive cooperative), the T tests of single-sample and relevant two-sample were regarded to examine the effect of irrelevant variables given on relevant variable. The results of this research showed that being the member of the ranching cooperatives has no effect on creating job, increasing the payment and improving the social and welfare condition of the villagers and peasants and also, it doesnt make the development of the rural.

Experiences of primarily years the development efforts based on economic، and without significant to social، cultural، and environmental impacts، it is not pleasant. The developments efforts simply aren’t achieve to their goals and to achieve these goals requires providing certain social situations. Any development effort is probably associated negative impacts with development that ignoring to the negative impacts will not have a good outcome to the development processes and doesn’t cause successful implementation them due to a range of problems. The development activities in addition to pleasant results are associated to; the problems such as erosion social capital، environmental degradation، creating a conflict between the government and the people، Social damages، violations of people''s rights، and social discrimination and problems associated with each of these categories are the same anti-development. Industry in the indigenous communities to make changes in the structure of ecological in the region، economic and social relations، ways of living and lifestyle of the people that these changes are usually associated with the industrial development of region. But during the course of industrial development should not be passed along to the changes in local communities with indifference and be ignored to community and the indigenous people of neighboring the development projects، because the development of industrial and social development are interrelated with each other. However، superficial judgments about individuals and groups interested in the project and the lack of proper interaction with they and based on the expectations and values of them cause to the many obstacles and problems in the implementation of projects and to ignore social constraints، values and attitudes of the local population، underestimate the influential groups and reference and are caused the numerous difficulties and losses are on the way national and regional projects. Studies have shown that due to locating projects is based on the political and economic justification، in some situations it may be project objectives، with some socio – economic situations local community has contrasted that is leading to unexpected behaviors of the parties (and community projects). thus in order to achieve and organizational of the social development، social assessment before and after performances and during the project (process) can associated to the economic and environmental assessments are conducted primarily for dam projects، ultimately caused to increase social development، participation and to align the local population with development plans and to achieve more goals projects. Rural regions directly are facing with developments projects and theses projects have specified effects on social and economic life of villagers. Today attempts to assessing theses developmental effects of project on the under developing regions. Soleimanshah dam is one of these projects that established in Sonqure County. The main purpose of this research was assessment of social impacts of Sonqure’s Soleimanshah dam on regions that are under influence of irrigation and drainage network of dam. The nature of this study required to a quantitative-qualitative research methodology and information gathered with questionnaire، interview، direct observation and transaction with consideration of prior researchers made protocol. Under studied population in part of qualitative research was rural managers who are under influence of irrigation and drainage network of dam (N=48) that totally interviewed in this research. The Statistics Society of research were consist of householders villagers downstream villages of dam (1273) that 300 of them was selected in base Morgan table by using stratified sampling method with Proportional allocation. For data analysis has been used from Moris model in part quantitative and from content analysis and mind mapping techniques in part of qualitative. Results revealed that positive and negative social effects of Soleimanshah dam totally summarized in 10 topics: 1. Addition of hope to life، 2. Improvement of security in study region 3. Development of rural tourism، 4. Help to remain people in rural areas، 5. Improvement in rural employment، 6. Decrease of poverty 7. Improve of social unity، 8. Improving social capital، 9. Non equilibrium rural development and 10. Violation of fundamental right of people in study region. The results Moris model showed that villages Jobkabodeolya and GHorveh in enjoying from the social indicators obtained respectively rank first and last. The results this ranking can help the planners of rural development in order to the optimal allocation and balance of resources in between these villages and also compared with other villages. According to researches and studies that were done، Slymanshah dam is have on their coverage area the many of social effects and this effects for rural communities due to geographical، social، economic، cultural conditions totally dependent to geographical environment، is very important. As in the qualitative analysis with using to the method Content analysis and mind map was reported social impacts of the dam were in both aspect positive and negative and there are in the part of the negative effects the many threats to people that in the table of Content analysis was evaluated separately. The results Moris model showed that villages Jobkabodeolya and GHorveh in enjoying from the social indicators obtained respectively rank first and last. The results this ranking can help the planners of rural development in order to the optimal allocation and balance of resources in between these villages and also compared with other villages.

Rural hand-made carpet cooperatives established with the aim of supporting the deprived and productive of carpet weavers of country and organizing them in the cooperative discipline system for accessing social and economic justice in this art and national industry. This study aims at assessing the role of these cooperatives in improving social and economic situation of carpet- weavers. The statistical community of the study includes all members of carpet cooperatives of Hamadan province selected according to Cochran’s formula. This sample included 214 of carpet – weavers. In addition, an equal number of carpet- weavers (214) who are not member of carpet cooperatives selected to compare the social and economic situation of two groups. The subject selected randomly through proportional stratified sampling. The most important tool for data collection was questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire confirmed by specialists and its reliability computed using Cronbachs Alpha coefficient (0.81(. Results indicate a significant difference between two groups of carpet-weavers. The members and non-members regarding the rate of production, income, access to loan and facilities of carpet- weaving, access to raw material and carpet- weaving tools, rate of social interaction, rate of social awareness and special carpet-weaving knowledge and this difference is almost one percent (1%) in such a way that in all seven economic and social indices studied on member carpet-weavers, they had a better condition compared with non-member ones. In addition, result revealed that there is a significant different between members and non-member carpet- weavers in regard with insurance services, getting loan and facilities and attendance in educational courses (1%). In general, handmade carpet cooperatives play an important role in improving the social and economic situation of carpet-weavers in Hamadan province.

Integration projects in rural areas of lands have several benefits. The most important effects of consolidation plans include: economic, social and environmental aspects. The purpose of this research is to study the social effects of land consolidation projects in rural area, in Arak district. The data of this study was collected through completing questionnaires from whole households and interviewing some local experts connected to the “Ministry of Agriculture” and “Center for Consolidation Services” in Arak. The results show that in rural areas of Arak where consolidation projects were filled land consolidation has increased economic effects, as well as the water and land reduction saving the time and opportunity, social partnership, satisfaction on agricultural and social conditions.