جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « urban agriculture » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

This essay aims to provide a theoretical explanation of the connection between the notions of ecotourism and agritourism within the framework of urban agricultural legacy. The research focused on the overall urban agricultural history, with a specific emphasis on Iranian garden cities. Urban agricultural heritages refer to specific places within urban environments where agriculture has been practiced historically. These sites possess significant biological, ecological, and economic value. However, they are currently facing the threat of annihilation.

By analyzing the viewpoints of experts, the research made progress towards answering its main question regarding the concept of urban eco-agritourism. However, it also encountered challenges in reconciling the conflicting definitions and components of ecotourism and agritourism with the concept of city and urban mass tourism. This article presents ways to resolve the apparent conflicts by utilizing experimental examples and established theoretical foundations. Consequently, urban eco-agritourism was elucidated as a viable approach to safeguard urban agricultural legacies.

Due to the increase in the world's urban population, need for food has become more important. Therefore, one of the effective solutions in response to the increase in urban population, especially in developing countries, is the expansion and promotion of urban agriculture. In fact, the citizens of society can take maximum advantage of the space dedicated to urban agriculture in form of environmental and economic capacities. Through urban farms and local self-sufficient production, urban farmers significantly reduce the fossil fuel needed to transport, package and sell food. Also, due to its proximity to consumers, it causes the circulation of income throughout a region, which in turn leads to economic growth for the community in question. In these spaces, most people gather and engage in activities with the aim of producing food, so the development of social participation is one of other benefits of this phenomenon. It should be noted that, in addition to above benefits, urban agriculture also faces obstacles and challenges. In fact, by reviewing the experience of urban agriculture in different cities of the world, we come to the conclusion that this phenomenon must be accompanied by creation of a platform in the spatial, social and cultural fields, and otherwise, the development and promotion of urban agriculture is definitely associated with challenges. Actually, to achieve the benefits of urban agriculture, it is necessary to overcome these challenges. In fact, if we want to have extensive and efficient urban agriculture, we need to create necessary laws and platforms from the government. Actually, together with the development and promotion of urban agriculture, regulations and laws of municipalities should be formulated clearly and explicitly in this matter, and also the production units of urban agricultural products should be registered so that they can be monitored and based on environmental principles.

The technology of vertical farm for residential Buildings, is a common achievement of Biophilic architecture and Agriculture. The main goal of Urban Agriculture beside producing homemade crops to reach household economical hygiene via food security, is friendship with nature. The aim of this research is planning and evaluating smart vegetated surfaces necessity of House vertical farms, to produce some of crops in residential spaces, and hygiene environments of Iran. The study’s aim is practical and the methodology is quantitative- survey. The study’s data, were chosen between the first hand references that criterion could be adaptive to Iran climate situation; sufficient information for an appropriate qualitative study, correct statistical method and validity and reliability were mentioned. Six compilation throughout the theoretical aspects were chosen. The validity were proved by the Agriculture and Architectural planning professors. According to the obtained compilations, a researcher-made questioner have been distributed as pre exam between few members. After entering data with spss software the alpha’s Cronbach coefficient were 0.948; the reliable questioner were distributed between 100 agriculture engineers and agriculture economic engineers of Ministry Agriculture of Jihad. The results after t and t-sample test evaluated this technology efficient to mentioned crisis betterment, and a factor to improve quality of life. Friedman test were used in order to compare House vertical farm compilation. The approve of the agriculture economic engineers with the residential vertical farm technology, and the relation between the mentioned measurements and compilations, could consider suitable information for planning and developing the implementation of House vertical farm in urban habitant.

Climate change and the increase in the population of cities have caused many environmental problems. The decrease in the function of urban agriculture has also made the efficiency of green infrastructures and their ecosystem services naturally inefficient. The purpose of this research is to provide a model of sustainable cultivation of productive plants in cities to moderate the effects of climate change and land use in District 22 of Tehran Municipality. In this study, the land use map of 2000 and 2020 was made using Landsat satellite images. Then, the LCM model was used to predict land use changes in 2050. RCP scenarios were simulated to investigate climate change. 4 criteria and 21 sub-criteria and the best-worst method (BWM) and the cumulative ratio evaluation method (ARAS) were used to obtain the weight of the selection criteria of fruitful plants. Based on the obtained results, it was determined that green and agricultural areas will change by 12% and -4.5% from 2000 to 2050, respectively. The risk of climate change also predicted a warming of 1.32 to 2.27 degrees. Based on this, the suitability map of the region for urban agriculture and the area of suitability classes according to the criterion of compatibility with the environmental conditions of the region (with a weight of 0.472), ecological conditions (0.268), compatibility with the urban environment (with a weight of 0.179) and aesthetic-cognitive (with a weight of 0.081) was prepared. According to the opinion of experts, fruitful plant species such as Wild Pistachio, Christs thorn, Wild almond, Pistachio, Olive have found the highest priority for cultivation in large and medium urban scale. About 40% of the area has good and high suitability for planting these plants.

Urban agriculture with the aim of completing urban food needs, providing ecosystem and environmental services has multidimensional effects on increasing cultural and social values and even increasing economic resilience in any society. Urban agriculture is one of the most important factors affecting the increase of social capital. The present study was conducted simultaneously with the implementation of an urban agriculture plan (green garden) and with the aim of investigating the effects of urban agriculture on the social capital of stakeholders at Razi University of Kermanshah applying survey method. The statistical population of the study was 150 stakeholders, 108 of whom were selected as the sample size according to Krejcie Morgan’s table. The questionnaire method was used for data collection and its validity was confirmed by expert choice. The results of the study demonstrated that the effects of urban agriculture implementation on social capital have been greater in people who participate with family on farm. The findings from the evaluation of structural equation model showed that all dimensions of social cohesion, social interaction, social awareness, social trust and social participation at the level of 99% confidence have a positive effect on people' social capital. Thus, "social participation" with a path coefficient of 0.825 had the most significant effect on the social capital of the people and social awareness (with a path coefficient of 0.599) had the least significant effect on the social capital of the people. Therefore, this will provide the conditions for strengthening social interaction and participation, as well as social trust, and will pave the way for culture-building commensurate with the development of urban agriculture and the results obtained from it can be used in the process of planning and macro-agricultural policies and creating new social capital in the country.Extended Abstract1-IntroductionWith the increasing population of cities and the decrease of rural population, the destruction of agricultural lands and appearing the severity of the effects of environmental degradation caused by the growth of cities, managers and urban planners seek new solutions to solve urban crises. Urban agriculture with the aim of meeting urban food needs, providing ecosystem and environmental services, increasing cultural and social values ​​and even increasing economic resilience, has multidimensional effects in any community. Social capital is one of the important effects that urban agriculture can have on.2- Materials and MethodsIn the present study, the green garden project was implemented as one of the urban agricultural projects with an area of ​​6000 square meters at Razi University of Kermanshah. Then, the study was conducted as a survey method with the aim of investigating the effects of urban agriculture on the social capital of stakeholders. The statistical population of this study was 150 stakeholders, 108 of whom were selected as the sample size based on Krejcie Morgan table. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in which, five components of social interaction, social cohesion, social participation, social trust and social awareness were used to measure social capital and its content validity was confirmed using the opinions of experts. After collecting and categorizing the data, data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS21 software environment as well as structural equation modeling using Smart PLS3 software.3- Results and DiscussionThe results showed that 57.3% of the respondents were male and 42.7% were female, of which 71.9% were native to Kermanshah region. According to the findings of the study, 31.5% of the studied individuals were faculty members and 68.5% were non-faculty members. The results also showed that 88.8% of the respondents referred to the urban agricultural project as a family and 11.2% as an individual. The results of Friedman test to compare the dimensions of social capital among the individuals showed that the effects of urban agriculture on the dimensions of social capital are significantly different, so that the dimension of "social cohesion" with the highest average rank (3.89) and the dimension of "social awareness" with the lowest value of the average rank (1.76) were in the first and fifth place, respectively. The results of comparing the effects of urban agriculture on social capital based on the views of different groups revealed that the impact of urban agriculture on social capital with respect to "how to be present in agriculture" at the level of 99% confidence, had a significant difference with each other. In this regard, no significant differences were observed among the individuals with respect to "gender", "being native" and "occupation". The results for t-values ​​also proved this result. Therefore, the findings indicate that all dimensions of social cohesion, social interaction, social awareness, social trust and social participation had a positive effect on the social capital of stakeholders at 99% confidence level. Thus, the dimension of "social participation" with a path coefficient of 0.825 has the most significant impact on the social capital of the subjects and based on indigenous knowledge in strengthening the social network of users, increasing knowledge and awareness and the creation of trust within and outside the group has been effective, which has led to increased social interaction between stakeholders and their close participation and cooperation, has paved the way for solidarity and double cohesion among users. Within the dimensions of social capital, social participation had the greatest effect and social awareness had the least effect on the social capital of the subjects. In social participation, this can be due to the spirit of participation and interaction, and in social awareness, due to the lack of comprehensive and accurate information among stakeholders. Accordingly, the implementation of urban agriculture in the first place increases the spirit of solidarity and cooperation and then the existence of affectionate relationships among stakeholders, and on the other hand increases interaction between families, and reduces tensions between them.4- ConclusionThe present study provides the conditions for strengthening social interaction and participation as well as social trust and has paved the way for a culture-building commensurate with the development of urban agriculture. The obtained results could be utilized in the planning process and macro-agricultural policy makings and creating new social capital in the country. Finally, considering that mutual trust is one of the essential factors for the success of any project, it is recommended to implement the administration and service steps of urban agricultural plans and projects in each region in a regular and accurate manner to build up the trust of the stakeholders.

Urban agriculture has become a growing trend worldwide. Although there is a continuing debate regarding the benefits of urban agriculture for urban residents, there has been no comprehensive study on the role of urban agriculture social mechanisms that can encourage and facilitate social interaction. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate the relationship between urban agriculture social mechanisms and social interactions in residential complexes based on a causal model. The survey was conducted with 265 participants residing in Rezvan Residential Complex in Shiraz, Iran. The results of the data analysis showed that the model could be fitted well with the data of this study, such that social participation, social capital, security and social health could well predict social interactions directly. The model also confirmed the indirect impact of each of these dimensions, with the mediation of urban agriculture and other dimensions, on social interactions. Overall, these results indicate that not only each of these variables can predict social interactions alone, they can also predict social interactions as one of the constructive dimensions of urban agriculture.

Sustainable development is a modern concept which has been propounded widely by linking different dimensions of development (economic, cultural, political and social) and focusing on climatic considerations and environment protection. On the other hand since 1960s, urban designing has attracted the attention of many scholars working in the field of visual space beautification and those who sought to increase environmental responsibility among managers. Therefore, the present article first explains “development” as a classic and sustainable notion, urban development policies and urban sustainability index. Then, it introduces and analyzes new patterns of “sustainable development” as the foundations of urban sustainable development and a tool by which governments can reach goals of sustainable development. In fact, this is an introduction to the discussions of urban sustainable construction and form, based on which some urban models related to the sustainability of modern cities are proposed.