جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بازاریان » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

In democratic political systems, a fundamental objective is to encourage broad societal participation, particularly among pivotal stakeholders such as marketers and economic classes that wield significant influence within the societal economic framework.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:

Non-uniformity and limited participation among the populace in society often result from dissonance with the governing system and opposition to its objectives and plans. Fostering consensus and bolstering political engagement necessitates a thorough examination of barriers and challenges associated with non-participation. By addressing these obstacles and creating opportunities for increased civic involvement, democratic societies can facilitate the vital political participation of their citizens. The engagement of people within any society is a cornerstone in the pursuit of democracy and development, serving as a dual imperative within democratic systems.

This research endeavors to conduct a sociological investigation into the stance of marketers regarding political participation during the period of moderation, notably the 8-year term of Hassan Rouhani's presidency. The study employs a grounded theory approach to elucidate the marketers' disposition toward political participation. Data for this research is sourced from 16 semi-structured interviews, with participant selection being purposefully drawn from Tehran's bazaars, and the sample size was determined based on achieving data saturation. Data analysis involved a systematic coding process where data was deconstructed and subsequently interrelated. In the course of this research, a total of 837 raw data points yielded 387 primary data concepts, culminating in the identification of 58 subcategories and 17 overarching categories.

The study delineates two distinctive approaches to political participation. The positive participatory approach characterizes a scenario where individuals harbor trust and optimism regarding favorable changes in the economic and political systems of society. In this context, they actively engage in the pursuit of these transformations through social and political partnerships. Conversely, the negative participatory approach emerges in situations where individuals lack trust and hope for constructive changes within the economic and political framework of society. In this perspective, they do not perceive their personal participation or non-participation as contributing positively to the betterment of their political, social, and economic circumstances. This approach embodies a broad spectrum of perspectives and lived experiences of the interviewees and reflects a palpable erosion of trust between the populace and the government, which has developed and deepened over the years. The research findings highlight that the propensity for a positive participatory approach is influenced by decisive agency and a sense of social commitment. Conversely, the negative participatory approach is attributed to political timidity and a prevailing feeling of powerlessness. The economic conditions and well-being of participants, as well as a perceived democratic environment, act as intervening factors in shaping their positive disposition toward participation. Conversely, those who harbor a pessimistic stance toward participation cite the non-democratic social environment and a flawed political-economic management as intervening factors reinforcing their negative outlook. Participants who adopt a positive participatory approach envision the political and economic future of their country as amenable to rationality and populism, indicating an anticipated shift toward the satisfaction of the people and increased political and social openness both domestically and internationally. In contrast, individuals subscribing to a negative participatory approach perceive themselves as passive and impotent in the face of external influence, participation, commentary, and opinion. They do not consider their actions as bearing any meaningful impact on the present or future trajectory of the political, economic, and social landscape.

 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS:

Marketers exhibiting a negative participatory approach lack trust, conviction, and optimism regarding favorable developments and changes within the economic-political landscape of society. This segment of marketers does not view their own political participation or the participation of fellow citizens as influential in altering the political-economic conditions of society. In contrast, participants who embrace a positive participatory approach are motivated by their constructive outlook and expectation of positive transformations within the political and social domain of the country, guided by public engagement. Despite past adversities, they maintain a belief that the most fundamental and pragmatic route to ameliorating the country's current situation lies in collaborative and empathetic relations between leaders and the populace. According to these participants with a positive participatory approach, the political structure of the country hinges on the trust and determination of the people.

Following the migration of the prophet Mohammad to Medina, establishing the new political structure and increasing the number of Muslims, the newly established government faced new challenges and realities. One of these realities and challenges was the economic life of Medina society and the need for its organization. Accordingly, the present study based on a descriptive and explanatory method, tries to answer the question of how economic strategies of Nabawi Government could transcend the traditional economy to Islamic one and what were those strategies employed in that time. In fact, the aim of this study is to investigate the policies, strategies and approaches of the holy Prophet management in the economic arena and introducing it as an example for real Islamic economy. The results indicated that the Prophet Mohammad tried to illuminate the basic strategies and future of Islamic government in the economic arena based on the tangible necessities and realities. These strategies originated both from revelational and nabawi teachings and based on realities and necessities of establishing Islamic government, recognizing elements and capacities of Mohajirin and Ansar as well as circumstances of new environment and context. Trying to eliminate traditional treats, illuminating new concepts and elements of Islamic economy, endorsing economical basis of Muslims and cutting their dependence to Moshrkin and Ahlol-Ketab were some of the new strategies of Nabawi government. Therefore, the Prophet Mohammad sought to present and put new thinking and strategies in the new economy so as to organize new kind of economy in Medina which is called Islamic economy.

Tradesmen and marketers constitute an important and large part of the society and economy of any country. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of positivitytraining on hope for the future in guilds and bazaars in the context of Iran's economic sanctions. The statistical population of this study was all tradesmen and marketers in Bardaskan city. The research method is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample was obtained by cluster sampling. Positive intervention in this study was performed based on Parks (2009) approach and in the form of 6 sessions on the experimental group. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of covariance. Results showed that positive psychotherapy improved and increased hope for the future in tradesmen and marketers (p <0.05). As a result, positive psychotherapy is effective on hope for future of guilds and bazaars and can be used as a therapeutic and practical method, especially in the context of economic sanctions and special situation prevailing in Iran's economy.