جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "food" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

Water, environment, food and energy are vital resources for human beings; Therefore, creating sustainable security in these interconnected resources is very important. In this research, a solution called Mini Energitic Dark Greenhouse (MEDG) is introduced and its components are described. The impact of this system on various areas of urban management is also explained. This approach can simultaneously help to increase the sustainable security of water, environment, food and energy in the framework of the water, environment, food and energy nexus in urban life. Mini Energitic Dark Greenhouse (MEDG) is used on a home scale. For this system, economic analysis has been done from two perspectives of investors and households in Tehran and costs and revenues have been calculated from these two perspectives. According to the calculations made, the cumulative profit and loss of this system at the end of each year is presented from these two perspectives. From the investor's point of view, this system has a payback period of about 5 years. From the perspective of Tehran households, this system has a return on investment of less than 4 years.

The development of halal brand exports is one of the important strategies that is important in the country's economic programs and plays an important role in currency exchange. In the past few years, the demand for halal branded products in Islamic and non-Islamic countries has increased significantly. As the awareness of the Muslim population of the world and non-Muslims who want more guarantees about food safety and quality products increases, the foreign trade of halal food products is increasing. Therefore, consumers of halal food products pay attention to the preparation of products with halal brand and choose the product based on awareness. Exporters of halal-branded food products should not only pay attention to customers and competitors in foreign markets, but should also consider factors such as health factors, religious factors, behavioral factors and marketing factors. Therefore, in this study, we try to examine the factors mentioned above. For this purpose, first a questionnaire was designed and then through interviews with exporters of food products of halal brand in East Azerbaijan province, information was collected and finally using structural equation method (SEM) and stata software these factors are analyzed.The results obtained from the model indicate that all health, religious, behavioral and marketing factors have a significant impact on the export of halal food products. Among the 4 factors affecting the export of halal food products, marketing factors have the greatest impact on the export of halal food products compared to other factors. Also, the hygiene of the product from health factors, the transparency of the production process from behavioral factors, advertising and proper brand introduction in the marketing factors and the way of presenting the halal product and the halal brand from the religious factors have the greatest impact on the export of halal brand food products.

Given the large weight of food in the households’ consumption basket and its limited substitutability with other goods, food price fluctuations are of sizeable impacts on overall consumer prices. The reaction of the food prices to monetary shocks has been the subject of much empirical researches in the recent years. This study examines the impact of monetary shocks on food prices in Iran. To do this, the study adopts Johansen-Juselius and Error-Correction models using time-series data over the period 1973-2008. Using Hodrick-Prescott filter, the monetary shocks were obtained. The results showed that in the long-run positive monetary shocks have significant effects on food prices in Iran. Therefore, policies and strategies should be such that minimize the negative effects of monetary shocks on the food prices.

Today, the food and pharmaceutical industries is as one of the well-known advantages industries in the economy. Invest in this industry is done in form of directly or indirectly (through stock markets). One of the most important components of the decision in the indirectly investment in this industries is awareness to the level of market risk of stock price of the active industries in this area. Due to the limitations of market risk measurement methods, in this paper, we proposed a comprehensive mechanism to measure of the stock market risk for food and pharmaceutical industries. This mechanism in addition to covering the shortcomings of the current methods of the risk measurement can extract the return risk of industries in the states of boom and bust and provide the possibility to compare the industry risk with other industries. Industries in this study include: the food, sugar and drugs for daily period of 1388 to 31.4.1394 by using of GARCH- Markov Consolidated models. The results showed that the return of the sugar and drugs industries follow from regime transfers and have got the asymmetric structure based on abnormal distributions. Also the risks for the medicine, food and sugar industries are respectively lower.

Industrial economics is mostly based on the market structure, conduct and performance paradigm. This paper applies the mentioned paradigm in Iranian food and beverage industries. To that end, a system of equations including concentration index, advertising intensity and profitability for a sample of 22 four-digit Iranian food and beverage industries is estimated using 3SLS method during 1995-2007. The findings show the positive impact of concentration and profitability on advertising intensity. The impacts of concentration and lagged advertising intensity on profitability are also positive.The findings also indicate the negative impact of export intensity on profitability.

Industrial economics is mostly based on the market structure، conduct and performance paradigm. This paper applies the mentioned paradigm in Iranian food and beverage industries. To that end، a system of equations including concentration index، advertising intensity and profitability for a sample of 22 four-digit Iranian food and beverage industries is estimated using 3SLS method during 1995 - 2007. The findings show the positive impact of concentration and profitability on advertising intensity. The impacts of concentration and lagged advertising intensity on profitability are also positive. The findings also indicate the negative impact of export intensity on profitability.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the economic effects of world food and oil price shocks on macroeconomic variables (industrial output growth، inflation، stock price indices، lending rate، and real exchange rate) in Iran. For this purpose، the Structural Vector Auto Regressive (SVAR) method is used to examine the autonomous and simultaneous effects of food and oil prices within 3 models. This study uses monthly data from 21th March 2001 to 20th March 2011. The results show that oil price shock has small effect on industrial output growth. The biggest effect of the oil and food price shocks is observed on the exchange rate. About 5 percent of the variation in oil and food prices is explained by inflation shock. Furthermore، results from the simultaneous study of shocks to the oil price and global food price indicate that oil shocks significantly affect global food prices.

Nowadays، marketing is considered as one of the most important parts of all manufacturing and service activities. In order to reach more share of goal market، different companies always update and change their marketing policies. These companies have to know that different customers impressed by different marketing policies and them، they should choose most suitable policies for one goal group. The other words، they have manage their cost beside managing market and income. Applying multinomial logit model and collecting data form 201 food customers in Mashhad in 2012، the current research tries to investigate effective factors on effectiveness of each advertisement method. The results show that married people، high-income ones، youth، women، educated people and larger families are more affected by media and sellers. In addition these results indicate that men، aged، single، low-income and low-literate people are more affected by their friends.

In the economic literature، firm entry and exit are considered as two basic concepts and the time interval between them، known as life duration، is almost a neglected subject in Iranian economy. Accordingly، this study tries to investigate the life duration of new firms in food and beverage industry as one of the most manufacturing industries in Iran during 1996-2005. Factors affecting the life duration have been divided into four categories namely، firms، as well as industry، personal and expenditure characteristics. Furthermore، the Cox proportional hazard model is used as the econometric model. The results show that the life duration of new firms in this industry are affected by eight variables: firm size at the time of entry، profitability، capital intensity، industry concentration rate، optimal size of industry، advertising expenditure، investment and labor force gender composition. In terms of policy implication، firm size as the most affective factor on life duration shoul be considered in all of new firm formation programe.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of exports on technical efficiency in food and beverages industry in Iran over the period 2000-2009. For this purpose, at first, the technical efficiency in food and beverages industry has been estimated by using stochastic frontier production function, which indicates that average technical efficiency is 0.62. Then, the link between technical efficiency index and food and beverages exports has been estimated by using Dynamic panel data approach. The empirical results show that the exports and R&D expenses have a positive and significant effect on the technical efficiency of food and beverages industry in Iran. So, the human capital has negative and significant effect on the technical efficiency of food and beverages industry.