جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "price level" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

The excessive increase in government spending could lead to instability in economic variables, one of most important of which is price level. But the important question is whether the increasing in government spending have symmetric effects in different situations or not, especially in recession and booms. According to this discussion, the purpose of this study is to investigate the asymmetric effects of fiscal policy shocks on price levels by using seasonal data from 1988 to 2014. In this regard, first, the effects of fiscal policy shocks on price levels are essayed by the SVAR model, and then for investigating asymmetric effects of fiscal policy shocks, we applied the TVAR model. The results from SVAR model indicates that shocks from government spending and tax revenue have positive and negative effect on price level, respectively. On the other hand, results of TVAR model shows that effect of fiscal shocks is asymmetric with respect to the position of business cycles, so that a positive shock from government spending during a boom has a more positive and severe effect on price levels, but during the recession, this effect is less severe. On the other hand, a positive shock from government tax revenues has a negative effect on price levels in both the downturn and the boom, but it is more severe in terms of the impact of the shock on the boom than in the downturn.

The study of household Welfare is one the most important economic research in each country. With such knowledge, proper policies for improving people’s welfare condition could be set. This paper attempts to evaluate the impact of price rises on household Welfare for three income groups (low, average and high) in four cross-sections of 1375, 1380, 1385 and 1390, based on Household Budget Survey data. A Linear expenditure System (LES) was used for estimating parameters of the model. Our findings show that although rising prices would lower household welfare for all three income groups, but their declining trends are very different, indicating the necessity of policy differentiation.