جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Debt Contracts » در نشریات گروه « حسابداری »

Usually, companies deviate from their target capital structure And may only take time to adjust their capital structure The benefits of this adjustment are more than its cost. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between debt contract with two indicators (long-term debt to total assets) and (total debt to equity) with the speed of capital structure adjustment.To achieve this goal, a sample of 102 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange was selected using systematic elimination method.And have been tested over a period of eight years from 2009-2014. This research consists of a main hypothesis and two sub-hypotheses that have been tested using the generalized torque regression method. The results of the hypothesis test showed that after adding the index (long-term debt to total assets) to the original model Dang et al. (2012), the rate of capital structure adjustment was 10% and after adding the index (total debt to equity) Has increased to 6%, which confirms both the hypothesis.

In debt financing, according to the agency theory, the two parties to the contract, ie the borrower and the creditor, bear the agency costs. Institutional investor oversight mechanism can play a role in debt contracts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of institutional investors on debt contracts. For this purpose, the financial information of 118 companies listed on the stock exchange between 2014 and 2018 was used. Multivariate regression method with hybrid data approach was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that the outlook of short-term institutional investors has a positive effect on debt costs. Also, the outlook of long-term institutional investors has a negative impact on the cost of debt.

Conservatism is defined as requiring a higher degree of verification practiced by accountants to identify good news compared to bad news. The results of previous studies show that the decisions related to debt maturity are one of determining factors in accounting conservatism. Short maturity debt allows better control for managers because shorter maturity causes the incentives for renegotiations in order to extend the debt. Creditors sing a closer and more accurate contract with borrowers and can decide on extending or changing the terms after the clarification of company's performance during the first period. This article aims to study the effect of debt maturity structure on accounting conservatism. The statistical population consisted of all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) from 2005 to 2014. Basu (1997) model was employed in this study to measure the accounting conservatism. In order to measure debt maturity, short-term to total debt ratio is used. Short-term debt is the one settled during one year. The results show that shortterm debt maturity has a significant, negative impact on accounting conservatism. Firm size and discretionary accruals have a significant relationship with accounting conservatism. Cash flows are effective in accounting conservatism. The effectiveness of cash flows in accounting conservatism indicates the conservatism sensitivity to cash flows.

Earnings management is one of the controversial and attractive issues of accounting research، because investors have special attention to profit as one of the important factors to decide. If we know why earnings management happen، then we will be able to reduce it. In this study، we have classified the different incentives on earnings management of listed companies in Tehran stock exchange and other foreign research. Despite the existing differences in economic condition and listed company’s structure and size Iran and other countries، it seems that earning management incentives are similar in Iran and other companies.