جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نااطمینانی » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

In traditional and paper banking, due to the fact that people were provided with a paper, and touched paper, the trust element was built. But nowadays, with the presence of electronic banking, on the one hand, the Iranian society is not yet accustomed to it, and on the other hand, uncertainties about economic factors have caused bank customers to feel hesitant about investing. Uncertainty in the economy is one of the most important factors in the outflow of capital from banks and the loss of customer trust. The benefits of e-banking can be considered from two aspects: customers and financial institutions. From customers' point of view, we can mention cost savings, time savings and access to multiple channels for banking operations. From the perspective of financial institutions, we can name features such as creating and increasing the reputation of banks in providing innovation, retaining customers despite the spatial changes of banks, creating the premise to seek new customers in target markets, expanding the geographical scope of activities and establishing full competition situation. To compete more effectively in the world's competitive markets, banks need to have a better understanding of customers and the market. The banking industry in the world has undergone many changes in the way it operates. Leading banks use data mining tools to segment customers, validate customers to approve and grant banking facilities, anticipate debt default, marketing affairs, and identify fraudulent patterns. In this article, while referring to the discussion of uncertainty and its impact on customers, data mining techniques are expressed as a competitive advantage in customer satisfaction with electronic banking and banking services.

In recent years, optimal use of fossil fuels, reduction of environmental pollution and exploitation of renewable energy is one of the most important issues in the policies of different countries, and as you know, Iranchr('39')s electricity industry is dependent on fossil fuel consumption strongly, which causes environmental pollution. The aim of this study is to obtain the optimal combination of electricity production plants in despite the uncertainties in the required components in decision making, in order to minimize environmental pollution and production costs. In this study, two-stage stochastic programming and interval parameter linear programming have been used to minimize uncertainty in electricity generation planning and fossil energy consumption. From one side, stochastic programming with considering different scenarios and from another side interval parameter instead of pointwise data minimize uncertainty in this study. Also, in obtaining the results, the data of the electricity industry report of West Azerbaijan province in 1394, 1395 and 1396 have been used. The results of this study show that the amount of production of combined cycle power plants and hydropower plant in this province is less than the optimal amount, And the amount of gas power plantchr('39')s production in this province is more than the optimal amount. It is also necessary to plan for the development of capacity in the Khoi Combined Cycle Power Plant.

Exchange rate is one of the effective factors on foreign trade. Besides the role of exchange rate in economy and economic conditions, its volatility has also an important effect. Exchange rate variation, in countries like Iran that the bulk of government revenues are provided from exports of oil, can affect economic performance. This study investigates the effect of real exchange rate and its uncertainty on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance using quarterly data during 1374-1395. For this purpose, the real exchange rate uncertainty, using asymmetric stochastic volatility model which is more flexible than ARCH models, is calculated. Then the effect of real exchange rate uncertainty on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance based on the Johansen – Juselius cointegration framework is estimated. The results, based on the three models, show that the real exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance in the long run. Also, the real exchange rate uncertainty has a positive and significant effect on Iran’s nonoil exports and trade balance and a negative effect on imports.

In this paper it is tried to survey the nature of quantum leadership as a modern approach in organizational leadership of twenty-first century through reviewing the literature. For this purpose, a meta-synthesis method was applied as a qualitative method for systematic conclusion of research results. 45 research papers were identified and screened and 28th of them were selected. Totally 84 codes were extracted and explained in the form of three category: why, what and how of quantum leadership. In discussing why quantum leadership, four reasons including uncertainty phenomena, environmental complexity, extensive and mutual interactions, and constant and rapid changes, derived from quantum paradigm have resulted in quantum leadership. In the case of what, characteristics of quantum leadership were expressed and six main leadership skills of creative thinking, systematic thinking, conscious intuitive thinking, contingent thinking, inspiring and self-organizing ability were identified. And finally, in discussing how, mechanisms and strategies used by quantum leaders were explained. Results showed that quantum leaders use six strategies and action as participative decision making, generating trust atmosphere and supporting others in creating positive atmosphere and teamwork, information currency facilitation, encouraging self-organizing and self-control, supporting creativity and creating excitement.

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of demand management policies uncertainty on Tehran Stock Exchange output. The uncertainty in money supply and government expenses variables on stock exchange output has been studied using monthly data over the period of 1387-1392. The results indicated that money supply variable has the problem of uncertainty while government expenses dont. The results of MSEGARCH model on money supply variable showed that uncertainty in money supply variable in both high and low volatility has a significant negative impact on stock exchange output. The results of MS-VAR model represent the fact that government expenses have a significant impact on stock exchange index in both upswing and stagnation phases. Accordingly, it is observed that the uncertainty in demand management policies is influencing stock exchange output and these influences are in conflict with each other, so it is suggested that the government managers and policy makers (government expenses) and Central bank (money supply) implement the policies with more coordination in order to decrease the amount of these conflicting impacts.

Entrepreneurship has been known as a method of identifying new opportunities, allocating resources in the situation of uncertainty and creating an organization to manage resources. This paper describes religious learning approaches in which entrepreneurship is beneficial to society and individuals through its economic advantages. The benefits are gained through innovation, productivity and new business opportunities promoted by the Islamic society. Hence, the Islamic economy widely recognizes and encourages the entrepreneurial businesses with a positive-sum game while non-entrepreneurial businesses with a zero-sum or negative-sum game are simultaneously rejected. Gambling, Gharar and Rehan are examples of such non-entrepreneurial and zero-sum businesses a indeed. Based on the findings of this study, the Islamic economy strongly encourages people towards economic activities that are entrepreneurial businesses and comprise positive-sum game. However, it discourages non-entrepreneurial activities which include uncertainty with zero-sum consequences and even uncertainty with a positive-sum game is somehow accepted.

In this study, management of determinant factors on private investment in Iran have been investigated. Investment plays a special role in economic growth and development through creating new job opportunities. Based on the theoretical examination, the results of the Cointegration vectors derived from the Johansen method indicate that the Real Exchange Rate has positive effects on the private investment expenditures. Also, monetary and financial policies have fundamental and important roles in private sector’s investment in Iran.