جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نرخ ارز واقعی » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The development of non-oil exports is one of the policy priorities in order to achieve balanced and comprehensive development in oil producing countries. Meanwhile, the development of entrepreneurial space by reinforcement the innovative approach to economic activities and transforming new knowledge into new goods and services, can lead to a competitive advantage in global markets and and the development of non-oil exports. So, in this regard, the present study attempted to determine the effect of entrepreneurship space on non-oil exports in developing and developed selected countries during the period 2013-2017. For this purpose, the research model is estimated using panel data and generalized moment method. The results showed that indicators of entrepreneurial overall, entrepreneurial attitudes, entrepreneurial abilities and entrepreneurial aspirstions as an alternative to entrepreneurial space respectively with coefficients of 0.31, 0.23, 0.29 and 0.34, affecting on non-oil exports. Also, the control variables, including GDP per capita, real exchange rate and openness of the economy, respectively with coefficients of 0.41, 0.14 and 0.17 affecting on non-oil exports.

Exchange rate is one of the effective factors on foreign trade. Besides the role of exchange rate in economy and economic conditions, its volatility has also an important effect. Exchange rate variation, in countries like Iran that the bulk of government revenues are provided from exports of oil, can affect economic performance. This study investigates the effect of real exchange rate and its uncertainty on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance using quarterly data during 1374-1395. For this purpose, the real exchange rate uncertainty, using asymmetric stochastic volatility model which is more flexible than ARCH models, is calculated. Then the effect of real exchange rate uncertainty on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance based on the Johansen – Juselius cointegration framework is estimated. The results, based on the three models, show that the real exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on Iran’s nonoil exports, imports and trade balance in the long run. Also, the real exchange rate uncertainty has a positive and significant effect on Iran’s nonoil exports and trade balance and a negative effect on imports.

Income distribution describes how people share of national income and degree of inequality between people in society. Increasing income inequality leads to change in the composition of domestic and imported consumption goods. Because inequality increases will be increase the purchasing power of the rich and to increase the demand for consumption goods with high elasticity that is mainly imported luxury. Therefore this study investigated the effects of income inequality on Iranian imports of consumption goods during the period of 1969-2012. In this regard using by vector auto regressive (VAR) approach was examined relationship between imports of consumption goods and GDP, real exchange rate and income inequality. Estimation results show that imports of consumption goods with interruptions has had the most effect on the import of consumption goods. Also the real exchange rate is expected to have reverse relationship with imports of consumption goods. GDP also has a positive and significant effect on imports of consumption goods and variable of income inequality also has a positive effect on imports of consumption goods. In fact, by reducing income inequality and improving the income distribution will be increase tendency of use of consumption goods of domestic product, and will be reduced the amount of imports of consumption goods.

This research aims to evaluate the impacts of macro factors of inflation and real effective exchange rate along with resource productivity, number of staff, raw material importation, exportation of industrial items, and capital on value added of industries. In order to achieve this goal, a system model is utilized and calculated in panel data method by help of simultaneous equation. data is extracted from nine main subsectors of Iran industries during 1370 to 1390. It is observed that real effective exchange rate, importation of raw material, capital, and number of staff has a significant effect ratio on value added of industries. The precise amount of aforementioned is 0.097, 0.072, 0.107, and 0.456 correspondingly. In other words, it can be stated 1% increase of former factors will increase value added of industries in latter numbers; however, Estimated Production Inflation Rate has a negative result on value added of industries equal to -0.073