جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "پاندمی کرونا" در نشریات گروه "مدیریت"

This research aims to uncover the behavioral patterns of Persian-speaking Twitter users centered on the COVID-19 disease. Two hypotheses, namely the difference in the emotional content of tweets published by each generation and the examination of their emotional reactions to specific COVID-19 news, were studied during the first year of the pandemic in Iran. this research focuses on the news published about COVID-19 on Twitter due to the prevalence of the COVID-19 topic among all audiences in different generations and its high percentage of risk at the micro (psychophysical health, etc.) and macro (economy, etc.) levels, with a high influence among the audience. Unlike similar previous crises, this pandemic had a serious distinction, that is, it was the pervasive social networks worldwide, with a 25% growth in Twitter users during the spread of this disease. Therefore, accurate and comprehensive information can be expected to be obtained by studying the opinions of users on social networks from a public perspective around a topic. Since the unknown dimensions of this disease and its transmission require citizens' cooperation with the health policies of governments, the perception of media audiences from COVID-19-related content has been focused on more than ever by the media and health policymakers. Despite extensive research on the analysis of users' emotions in cyberspace, a few studies have analyzed the emotions of different generations in the face of crises. The results indicate different behaviors of generations in dealing with COVID-19 content on Twitter, and this generational distinction can help policymakers plan for these groups according to the emotions expressed in each generation.Uses and Gratifications theory and the theory of reception were used to explain the positions of the audience in the communication process and their perception manner of the message. According to this view, audiences are active elements that are capable of selecting and interpreting published content based on their backgrounds and characteristics. In this research, these effective backgrounds in interpretation are considered generational components.According to the literature review in this field, the categorization of generations in this research is as follows. Generation X (X) comprises those born from the 1920s to the 1960s, whose socialization is related to before the Islamic Revolution, and their main mass media were radio, television, newspapers, and books. Socialization in Generation Y (Y) dates back to the early years of the revolution and war to the early presidency of Mohammad Khatami and the beginning of deep political-cultural changes in Iran. Accordingly, people aged 23-40 years fall into this category, who became especially familiar with the satellite and the first generation of computer communications, in addition to using the media of the previous generation. Blogs, video games, and Web 1 are the most important media features of this generation. Generation Z (Z) refers to a group aged between 11 and 23 years, who are colloquially referred to as digital natives or the network generation. Unlike previous generations, this generation has never seen a world without digital communication technology and interactive virtual social networks. Microblogs are the most important media feature of this generation.

Subsequently, different generations of Persian users of this platform were categorized through data mining techniques. Then, their tweets were collected manually, categorized, and modeled with advanced search tools and keywords. About 500 tweets were collected monthly using the total counting method due to the limited number of accounts with an image for age estimation. The age and gender of the user were estimated using two methods. Initially, age was estimated based on the user’s profile picture using the facenet network. In the second method, age was estimated based on the user’s interest vector using the support vector machine model. There were two parts in the sentiment analysis: feature extraction and classification. The former was performed with the wordtovector model, which was trained using a sample of the Hamshahri newspaper (a rich sample of the Persian language). In the second part, these tweets were classified and an emotion type was attributed to them with the LSTM model using 80% of the data to train the machine and 20% for the test.

In the sample group, three fear, humor, and criticism emotions showed the most manifestations to describe the emotional content of tweets. Ultimately, the behavioral pattern of Generation Z on Twitter was accompanied by the publication of humorous content, while it presented a lower critical aspect. This pattern reverses as it moves toward Generations X and Y whereas the fear aspect had a roughly similar trend and volume in the themes of all users.

Between 20 and 30% of all COVID-19-centered messages produced by the audience contained fearful content. This rate was the same for each age group, and this similarity could be seen in the interpretation of generational convergence. However, this convergence was not seen in the other two emerging emotions, namely the feeling of criticism and humor. Generation Z often had a humorous attitude in dealing with the limitations resulting from COVID-19 and its widespread consequences. It seems that they present completely contradictory perceptions, interpretations, and, consequently, feedback on the COVID-19 phenomenon, which is initially a scary and dangerous subject for human personal and social life, is. This difference can be categorized in the proposition of the generational gap or conflict.

This article is aimed at designing and validating a model for overcoming the challenges of virtual education in the post-corona era. This cross-sectional study in terms of purpose is exploratory, in terms of audience is basic and in terms of approach is a mixed research. The participants in the qualitative section was made up of 20 Tehran’s  educational managers and experts at the first secondary level. After interviewing 17 persons who have been selected purposefully we reached theoretical saturation. The statistical population in the quantitative section consists of teachers of the first secondary level at Tehran in the academic year of 1400-1401. The sample size was estimated to be 384 teachers, selected via Cochran's formula and cluster-random method. The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews in the qualitative phase and researcher-made questionnaires, which were validated by construct validity, convergent validity and divergent validity methods. Using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability, the reliability of the questionnaire was also evaluated. In order to t identify the dimensions and components of the research, we used thematic analysis and for finding   the relationships of the elements we used the structural-interpretive modeling method and for validating the research model we applied the partial least squares method. The results of the research showed that the infrastructure of human resources and technology ,and the rules of virtual education provide a context for the culturalization of virtual education. Cultivation of virtual education has led to the digital skills of teachers and the monitoring system of virtual education, and these factors also lead to the participation of students. Students' participation is related to the performance evaluation system of virtual education and the creation of a teaching-learning environment, and at  the end, the development of virtual education can be achieved through the efficiency of the educational system and the repair of students' learning gaps.

The covid-19 pandemic, one of the complex situations with high uncertainty in decision-making, has faced a crisis in socio-economic systems for more than two years. Municipalities are considered as key crisis management organizations due to the wide variety of services they provide to citizens. The current research, by designing a soft system intervention, has developed the crisis management system of the Tehran municipality for the covid-19 pandemic by using the combined approach of soft systems and social network analysis.

First, the measures of crisis management of Tehran municipality were investigated and the actors and knowledge axes of crisis management of Tehran municipality were identified. In order to analyze the power position of actors in the cooperation network; The two-dimensional matrix of actors-actions of formation and cooperation network of crisis management was analyzed based on the indicators of degree centrality and betweenness centrality. Next, a combination of actors was selected and based on the design of a soft system intervention, the situation of the problem was analyzed and an rich picture of the problem was drawn. Then, according to Parsons' theory of social systems, the system was analyzed from political and structural, economic, social, cultural, and legal perspectives, and based on the CATWOE analysis, a relatively agreed root definition was considered, and the components of the ideal system according to the analysis The stages of crisis management including the ideal system before the crisis, during the crisis and after the crisis were identified and the development model of the Covid-19 pandemic management system was designed.

In general, the findings indicate that the cooperation network of activists has a high density and cohesion, however, it seems that the position of some activists needs to strengthen the position of power in the crisis management structure. In comparing the current system and the ideal system of pandemic crisis management, the solutions have been presented according to the analysis of crisis management stages, including the targeted activities of developing the system before the crisis, during the crisis and after the crisis agreed upon by the participation of key actors.

Considering that the performance of crisis management during a pandemic is highly dependent on the level of preparedness before the crisis, it is expected that according to the components of the ideal system before the crisis and during the pandemic and targeted activities The development of the system on how to prepare and respond to similar crises in the future should be considered by city managers and crisis management policy makers in Tehran. In addition, on the eve of the recovery stage after the corona pandemic crisis, the attention of city managers to maintain a critical and rethinking position of urban management experiences in the covid-19 pandemic is more important than ever.

The epidemic of the corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) in the years 2020 until now (2022) has caused the emergence of critical conditions in the global arena and has transformed the international economic, social and environmental equations. The tourism industry, as one of the most important areas affected by this crisis, is experiencing new conditions due to the restrictions and quarantines imposed at the international, national and local levels, which have led to new opportunities, challenges and threats. Currently, due to the continuation of the restrictions caused by the Corona epidemic in Iran, inter-provincial travel has been announced as limited and prohibited, and in this situation, local tourism has become the focus of many people's attention as a cheap, accessible and desirable option. The aim of the current research is to investigate the motivations of local tourism (urban-rural) during the Corona epidemic with a qualitative approach, with the help of the grounded theory method. The studied population were Mashhad tourists who had at least five local tourism trips (urban-rural) in 2018 and 2019. The sample size of the research was conducted using the two criteria of "diversity" and "reaching the theoretical saturation point" with 44 semi-structured interviews. The interviews were fully implemented and then the open, central and selective codes were counted. The findings of this research indicate that the underlying conditions of attracting tourists to local tourist destinations during the Corona pandemic were "meeting relatives and taking care of personal affairs" and "accommodation in ecotourism resorts". Also, the intervening conditions were "nature tourism experiences" and "village tourism experiences", causal conditions, "corona stress and health issues" and "visiting cultural-historical attractions", strategies "physical organization of local tourism spaces", ecological revitalization of the environment" and " Reconstruction of the rural fabric" and the consequences, "diversification of the rural economy", "protection of the village environment", "giving identity to the village body" and "relaxation and mental and physical healing of tourists" have been. Based on this, the paradigm model of the current research was presented and some suggestions were made.

 Considering the covid-19 pandemic and its effect on economic relations, we need to study its risks on economic firms besides its direct cost on economy. Therefore, this paper investigates the impact of production shockof this pandemy on the insurance industry to liquidity shock.

 We first assume the shock enters through the product channel (based on observations) and transfers to the product cycle in the insurance industry and obtain the effect of production shock by extracting theoretical and long term premium relations with economic and calculate the coefficients with the help of the autoregressive model. Then, with respect to different scenarios for probable shocks, arising from credit risks and risk of price change as an outcome of the Corona pandemic (by means of relaxing productive liquidity through product reduction), we analyze insurers’ liquidity status both in normal and critical situations.

 In the short-term and critical conditions, if the growth of global GDP decreases by 0.5% or 2.8%, then the decrease in liquidity would be 34.14 and 34.18, respectively. Furthermore, the decrease in the liquidity index in the long-term and critical conditions is equal to 33.07 and 33.12, respectively.

Insurance companies have to increase cash and assets with high liquidity within the short term to cover the aforementioned risk in critical conditions. Also, if the mentioned conditions continue in the long term, an increase in liquid assets in the form of gold or stable foreign currencies should be considered by insurance companies.

Corona virus outbreak has disrupted the industry and trade cycle. This study purpose is to investigate human resource management challenges during Corona crisis, and to provide a solution in hotel industry. Research method is based on inductive approach theory in qualitative way. The statistical population was hotel industry experts selected as sample. Interview data were analyzed using MAXQDA software. Reliability and validity were assessed using Lincoln and Guba technique. Findings show that the cause conditions of this study at highly damaging nature of Covid-19 pandemic are economic problems, weakness in establishing communication skills and perceptual skills of human resource management. Main phenomenon has emerged in economic, political, social and cultural challenges. Structural factors, financial and credit indicators identified as intervenes. Research result shows that human resource managers can achieve their goals using strategies like training human resources, identifying financing methods, reducing costs and obtaining government support.