جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ethnocentrism » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personal interaction of sellers on the tendency of customers to word-of-mouth marketing by considering the mediation of effective customer experience and moderation of customer ethnicity and the desire for foreign product among customers of Janbo chain stores in Tabriz. The statistical population is the customers of Janbo chain stores in Tabriz. To determine the sample size, considering that the target population is unlimited, the Cochran sample size determination formula was used and the sample size was 382 people. Sampling method is available in the present study. Data were collected through a questionnaire and to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire we used Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the value of which was calculated for the whole questionnaire 0.874. Also, SPSS software version 25 was used for data analysis and Smart PLS software was used for inferential statistics and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicate a positive and significant effect of personal interaction of sellers on the desire to market word of mouth to customers and in this regard the effective customer experience has a mediating role and also the moderating effect of customer's ethnicity and desire for foreign product on effective customer experience. Took. Therefore, the main question of this research is whether the personal interaction of sellers affects the desire for word-of-mouth marketing through the mediation of effective customer experience and moderation of customer ethnicity and desire for foreign products among customers of Janbo chain stores in Tabriz?

Religion is one of the most universal and influential social institutions that has a significant impact on attitudes, values and behaviors at both individual and social levels. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the effect of religious consciousness on the preference of domestic products: analysis of the Role of Ethnocentrism and Consumer Xenocentrism. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population consists of non-alcoholic drinkers in Sardasht, Piranshahr and Baneh city. Among this population, 333 people who were randomly selected responded to the electronic questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS. The results showed that religious consciousness has a positive and significant effect on domestic product preference and consumer ethnocentrism and a negative and significant effect on consumer Xenocentrism. Also, the effect of consumer ethnocentrism on the preference of domestic products was positive and meaningful and the effect of consumer Xenocentrism on the preference of domestic products was negative and significant. Finally, the results showed that religious consciousness through ethnocentrism and consumer Xenocentrism affects the preference of domestic products.

 With the rapid process of globalization, now consumers have a lot of consumption opportunities (domestic/international). The problems faced by consumers in the new age range is the selection from buying domestically produced goods to help domestic companies flourish and goods imported from other countries. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of global identity, ethnocentrism and animosity on brand perceived quality and the willingness to buy home appliance of foreign brands compared to prominent Iranian brands. Statistical population of this study is the consumers of the home appliance market. The sample includes 527 questionnaires. The results of this research showed that global identity does not have a negative and significant effect on animosity and ethnocentrism, and the effect of this variable on perceived brand quality and willingness to buy does not have a significant effect. Also, the negative and significant effect of ethnocentrism on animosity, perceived brand quality and willingness to buy was confirmed. In addition, the results of the research showed that animosity has negative and significant effect on perceived brand quality and willingness to buy, and finally, the positive and significant effect of the perceived brand quality on the willingness to buy was confirmed.

Background and

One of the problems of the country's organizations is the presence of ethnocentrism in the organizations, in such a way that the organization is out of the rational state and is moving towards a political organization lacking the necessary efficiency and productivity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of human resource management measures on reducing ethnicism among the headquarters and operational departments of Masjid Sulaiman Oil and Gas Exploitation Company.Research

The method of this research is descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of the research is 813 employees, 261 of whom were selected using Cochran's method and stratified random sampling. Data were collected through standard questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS and LISREL software.

The findings showed that human resource management measures have an effect on reducing ethnocentrism, while all research hypotheses showed a positive and significant effect on ethnocentrism. Also, the overall fit of the proposed model was confirmed.

Ethnicism in organizations can cause internal and external conflicts and, as a result, create many problems for employees in the workplace. Human resource management measures as an effective factor can reduce the problem of ethnocentrism in organizations so that employees with different ethnicities can work together peacefully.

Cyberspace redefines human communication. Every day we see more and more people using this space. Despite the many advantages of this space, it also has its own problems. The aim of this study was to analyzing the role of cyberspace in crimes against national security with emphasis on the sports environment.

This research was applied and descriptive. The research method was qualitative and was performed by Grounded Theory method (Glaser’s approach). The statistical population included all experts in the field of sports management, sports sociology, sports law and related fields. Snowballing method was used to interview 19 people and data collection continued until theoretical saturation. Also, it has been studied and researched in scientific sources such as articles, books, scientific webs.

In the open coding phase, the 127 initial codes extracted from 19 interviews with experts in the field of research became 20 concepts. Then, these concepts were classified (categorized) based on the thematic similarity in 3 categories. Finally, the most important crimes against property in the sports environment of Iran affected by cyberspace were: A) Ethnic and racist issues, b) lies publishing and c) weakening national solidarity and international credibility.

As cybercrime is constantly evolving, efforts should be made to introduce laws that apply to new crime each year Due to the emergence of this space, there are many problems in dealing with violations and crimes. Therefore, efforts should be made to fill the legislative gap in this area, and according to the existence of new categories in cyberspace, laws should be redefined and new criminal and legal laws should be enacted in accordance with the trends.

Therefore, the purpose of this study is examine the effect of consumer attitudes towards foreign products in general on willingness to buy Iranian products. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population consists of Halal drinking consumers in the Iranian market. Among this population, 333 people who were randomly selected responded to the electronic questionnaire. The data is analyzed using structural equation modeling and using SmartPlus software. The results showe that ethnocentrism of consimers has a positive and significant effect on the attitude and perception of consumers toward Iranian products. Also, xenocentrism has a negative and significant effect on the attitude and perception of consumers toward Iranian products. The attitude and perception of consumers toward Iranian products has a positive and significant impact on Iranian products judgment and Iranian products judgment has a significant and positive impact on willingness to buy Iranian products. Among the hypotheses of the researchers, two hypotheses are rejected and cosmopolitanism and internationalism does not affect the attitude toward Iranian products.

The basic precondition for the development of a country is an efficient administrative system and its management. Ethnocentrism is an undesirable phenomenon that the country's administrative system is dealing with. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. Based on the findings on the effects of ethnocentrism in the administrative system, from the combination of 32 variables, 5 factors of reducing employee performance, deviating from the organization's goals, deviating from justice and inequality, reducing group competence and reducing cultural intelligence explains a total of 62.12% of the total variance.  Also, based on the findings, the factors of weakness of the selection system based on general criteria are individualism, reduction of human resource management, personality and political weakness, which together explain the 60.7% of the total variance of factors affecting the emergence of ethnocentrism.

Iran’s revolution in 1979 has shown its Islamic framework from the beginning and always has been endeavoring to keep alive this matter in public minds. Among this, the United States limitless support from Israel became the symbol of US animosity against Iranians Muslim. This research aimed to measure the religious effect on intention to buy American goods through animosity and ethnocentrism variables perspective. Statistical society includes Tehran citizen’s in region 5 and above 18 years old. A sample with 384 people with random sampling and data through library research were collected. For Hypothesis test, Structural Equation modeling specially Path analysis technique with SPSS 17 and Smart PLS soft wares was used. Results had shown that religious have a direct effect on animosity and ethnocentrism and it have indirect effect on intention to buy American goods in Iranian consumers.

Although some economic theories, including comparative and absolute advantage theories, support the liberalization of trade among countries, different types of dependency and various cultural, political and security dangers have led countries not only to utilize their own domestic products but to enhance their export. Consumers are in the center of the chain that leads to the purchase of domestic products because as long as consumers refrain from purchasing domestic products, no increase in domestic production can be a solution to diminish imports. In different countries, researches have been conducted on factors that can encourage customers to buy domestic products, but in some cases the factors obtained have been too numerous and the results have been contradictory. To collect data for this study, a comprehensive review of 35 different published studies in 25 articles was carried out using meta-analysis method and CMA2 software. Results show that quality and attitude have the highest effect (0.493 and 0.297, respectively) and the ethnocentrism and norm have the least effect on the domestic products purchase intention (0.294 and 0.226, respectively). But product judgments does not have any significant effect on the intention to purchase domestic products.

Analyzing and describing “pilgrims’ stereotype imaginations” and “social confidence of pilgrims toward people LIVING in Mashhad” are the two important components in relationships and social interactions of the guest-host. Data were gathered through surveying, using a questionnaire. Statistical population included 310 pilgrims visiting the holy city of Mashhad. The results showed that pilgrims assume the people in Mashhad to be warm, sociable, kind, down to earth, hospitable, patient (positive stereotype imaginations) and to some extent religious and lawful (average or neutral level) and also profit-making, money lovers, stingy and mean, and unfair (negative stereotype imaginations). The level of pilgrims trust toward people in Mashhad was average. Using One-way Variable Analysis and Multiple Regression Methods, to check the hypotheses, showed that pilgrims’ stereotype imaginations had a positive meaningful relationship with the level of social confidence of people in Mashhad, and had the most effect among all measured variables. Other important, effective factors were ethnocentrism, satisfaction, social-economic status, gender, marital status, and ethnicity. Other variables that influenced stereotype imaginations of pilgrims included gender, place of residence, ethnicity, satisfaction, and ethnocentrism.

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of Iranian consumer cosmopolitanism on their attitude toward domestic products by mediating role of consumer ethnocentrism. The study population is Iranian consumers of domestic products in Mashhad city. Number of sample was determined by Cochran formula for unknown population 384 and finally 381 acceptable questionnaires were gathered by Non-random available sampling and were analyzed using Smart PLS. The results showed that Iranian consumers cosmopolitanism has a negative and meaningful effect and their ethnocentrism has a positive and meaningful effect on their attitude toward domestic products in Mashhad city, but consumers cosmopolitanism do not affect their attitude toward domestic products directly.

Market entry modes, are one of the strategic decisions that the firms should consider them, either at the corporate or at the business unit levels. One of these entry modes is export. The aim of this study is analyzing and evaluating the relationship between reputation, ethnocentrism, trust and consumer attitude. To achieve this, six hypothesis were adjusted and 400 of Iranian buyers, were selected and investigated, as convenience as the sample size. The results of the study show that the reputation of firms from the country–of-origin helps to create trust in international markets and directly impacts consumer attitude. In addition, the current investigation identified the direct effect of ethnocentrism on trust and attitude. Iranian consumers have positive attitudes towards appliances labeled "Made in Korea". In contrast, they do not have positive attitudes towards appliances labeled "Made in Iran".It is hoped that the outcomes of this study can help the firms and stakeholders in our country Iran, not only to produce the Iranian products in a competitive manner but also to think about international market entry modes, such as export, licensing and etc., in a strategic way.

This study aims to examine the direct effect of ethnocentrism and animosity toward accepting South Korean products in Iran and Turkey. The statistical population were above 18 years of age. The data were collected from residents of Iran and Turkey. A total of 773 usable questionnaires were returned. Two questionnaires were provided in two national languages of both countries. To analyze data, structural equation models including confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were used. The results showed that besides their mental image of South Korea as the country of origin, Iranian consumers also involve their ethnocentric biases when they purchase Korean products. Thus, for encouraging consumers to buy them, producers should manufacture the products in the host country to gratify consumer's ethnocentricity, while at the same time they keep the original product brand.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of country-of-origin (COO) and corporate reputation on buyer’s initial trust in electrical household appliances industry. In addition, the study explores the effects of buyer’s traits (general trust and ethnocentrism) and the role of product guarantee on initial trust. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire, self-completed by 384 buyers in Tehran (selected by convenient sampling). Relationships between constructs are tested by using multiple regression analysis and employing SPSS (16.0). Results of study support the view that COO and corporate reputation can create trust in buyer i.e. both of them have a significant main effect on initial trust. Also, higher level of general trust in buyer leads to more initial trust and guarantee has a positive effect on it. But, ethnocentrism had no significant effect on trust in buying foreign products.

Many Iranian managers are worried about Iran beings accepted in world trade organization and the required changes they have to introduce within their institutes. Their main concerns have two reasons: on the one hand, they have to compete with well known international brands that are active in Iran. On the other hand, they have to deal with Iranian consumer's inclination, if not infatuation, towards the use of well known international brands.
Unfortunately, Iranian exporting companies had limited success in establishing their brands overseas. As reported in the literature, "Country of Origin" plays a more important role in consumers purchase decision, than quality or price. Hence, we will study the status of Iranian consumer's ethnocentrism in small appliances industry.
In this survey research, a sample of 384 consumers of small appliances in Tehran was chosen. 262 filled out and usable questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Data analysis was made with SPSS, using one sample t-test. Research findings indicate that in line with previous research findings in other developing countries, Iranian consumers evaluate Iranian made products as lower quality than similar products made in the developed countries such as France, Japan or Italy.