جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « road safety » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

Road accidents and their financial damages, which are imposed on families and the government, are known as important and considerable problems in the society. In this regard, this research has presented a comprehensive model for strategic crisis management in road accidents with Grand Theory. In terms of purpose, this research is applied and qualitative research type with the foundation's data approach. Data collection is performed through semi-structured interviews with 15 road and traffic managers as well as professors and experts in crisis management with targeted snowball sampling and theoretical saturation of the subject. Qualitative data analysis shows two factors: "management of human factors in drivers and car passengers" and "control, management and prevention of technical defects of vehicles" as causal factors, "control, management of improvement of technical condition and road facilities" as background factors, "optimal and predicted management of weather conditions" and "policy of road management safety in high-level institutions and the requirement to comply with it in all aspects" as intervening factors and "management of all factors involved in accidents and coordination between all bodies involved in improvement and management "road traffic crises" as a central category, three categories of "management strategies", "vehicle safety and improvement strategies" and "social-cultural strategies" as strategies and "improving the quality level of management and safety culture and road traffic in the country" are identified as the main outcome. The results of this research can provide technical and operational solutions for decision makers of the country's traffic sector to plan road safety measures.

Motorists deal with traffic police officers on a daily basis. In Russia, the operations of the traffic police are not transparent. Mass surveys show that contacts with traffic police officers represent a key source of corruption in this country. This article discusses the links between corruption in the traffic police and road safety. Corruption in the traffic police has a positive impact on road safety in Russia, a middle-income country. It suppresses economic growth and thus reduces the intensity of road use. In the current situation, Russian motorists have no incentive for fighting corruption: constantly growing fines and penalties for traffic offences increase the attractiveness of paying bribes compared to individual and/or collective protests. A vicious circle emerges as a result corruption becomes self-sustainable. The official statistical data and results of a nationally representative sociological survey provide the data for the analysis. An instrumental variables analysis and multiple regression modelling are used in this study.

The casualties due to traffic accidents in Iran are very shocking, which necessitates further investigations into safety measures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of provinces in road transport safety. The present research data is from the statistical yearbook of Roads and Transportation Organization. The method used in this study was data envelopment analysis (BCC) with weighted input variables in two stages of provincial classification without considering inter-provincial class. Finally, efficient units were compared with Anderson Patterson method. Research data were analyzed using DEA Solver software.  In the first stage, 31 provinces without any classification were compared with each other in terms of safety performance indicators presented in the statistical yearbook of the National Road Administration, which included East Azarbaijan, Alborz, Khuzestan, Sistan Baluchestan, Qazvin, Golestan, Gilan, Lorestan, Markazi and Hamadan were found to be ineffective. In the second stage, the provinces were categorized into three categories according to the number of freight and passenger trips, and then each province was compared in terms of performance status with each other. At this stage, Golestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Markazi, Hamedan, Gilan, Alborz and Lorestan provinces were ineffective. The results of implementation of Anderson Patterson method announced the top three provinces, respectively, Tehran, Isfahan and Khorasan Razavi, respectively.

Eight accident points have been identified in District 2 of Greater Tehran Municipality, with numerous cases of accidents occurring in different forms at these eight points. There were 9 deaths, 225 fatalities and 1353 fatalities in 1986. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of geometric corrections performed on accident points on the accident rate and to what extent the corrected impacts on accident, death and injury accidents. The purpose of this study was to describe descriptive-documentary research based on the type of purpose of applied research and in terms of the method of work performed. For this purpose, the accident analysis points were analyzed and the evaluations carried out in the area 2 of Tehran. In order to investigate the effectiveness of accident corrections in the year 2017 and 2018, information and statistics from the Greater Tehran Road Police (COM Form 114) have been examined to identify the major features and trends of accidents (decreasing or incremental) in the corrected accident locations. It was estimate 97 compared to 96. As a result, we have seen a reduction in the number of fatal and surgical accidents, but no significant change in the number of injuries.

China is motorizing rapidly, with associated urban road development and extensive construction of motorways. Speeding accounts for about 10% of fatalities, which represents a large decrease from a peak of 17.2% in 2004. Speeding has been addressed at a national level through the introduction of laws and procedural requirements in 2004, in provinces either across all road types or on rural and urban roads. Typically, documentation of speed enforcement programmes has taken place when new technology (i.e. speed cameras) is introduced, and it is likely that many programmes have not been documented or widely reported. In particular, the national legislation of 2004 and its implementation were associated with a large reduction in fatalities attributed to speeding. In Guangdong Province, after using speed detection equipment, motorway fatalities due to speeding in 2005 decreased by 32.5% comparing with 2004. In Beijing, the number of traffic monitoring units which were used to photograph illegal traffic activities such as traffic light violations, speeding and using bus lanes illegally increased to 1958 by April 1, 2009, and in the future such automated enforcement will become the main means of enforcement, expected to account for 60% of all traffic enforcement in Beijing. This paper provides a brief overview of the speeding enforcement programmes in China which have been documented and their successes.

One of the significant issues in the road safety is sight distance. Rules and parameters for stopping sight distances in Iranian driving law often refer to values found in AASHTO reference well consolidated that these values are related to the United States’ studies during the years 1938 and 1941, and the driver’s eye height from the ground is one of these parameters. While the world periodically monitors variations of this parameter, in Iran the value has remained unchanged for some fifteen years, despite changes to the technical characteristics of the national vehicular fleet and the driver population. The aim of this paper is to submit recent surveys from a significant percentage of passenger cars and to determine the statistical parameters for the set of measured values, and also localize and update the value of this parameter based on driver behavior in accordance with the existing fleet. In this research, 198 values of driver eye height were obtained from a cross picture of travelling cars in the cities of Tehran, Mashhad and Semnan. The results showed that the level of Iranian driver eye height is higher than the value given in the Iranian driving law. This height is one of the parameters needed to determine the minimum radius in the vertical crest.

The skid resistance of asphalt surfaces during operation will be reduced due to traffic and weather conditions; a decline that is exacerbated by factors such as bleeding of the asphalt and polishing of aggregates. Research has indicated that that it is currently not physically or economically possible to build a road with sufficient frictional resistance over its lifetime. On the other hand, with regards to the loss of surface friction, especially when the road surface is wet, the incidence of accidents is greatly increased. Thus there is a necessity for methods to improve skidding resistance. This paper focuses the various ways to improve the skid resistance of asphalt surfaces, and these methods are classified into three categories, which are time that the…, mix design time and construction time. In this paper, the results of a study to assess the strengths and weaknesses of each method are discussed. The results show that using the appropriate method to improve skidding resistance in accordance with the terms of the project and economic considerations can increase the safety of the road surface during operation. Finally, the best method with regards to each of the different time periods is proposed.