جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Oil Fund » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

This article has surveyed effects of financial rules on oil fund's performance and seeks to make a meaningful contribution to the literature on the use of oil funds in oil dependent countries, by proposing that what differences in financial systems, caused differences in performance in Iran's and Norway's oil funds? oil dependent countries, generally, face two basic problems: Revenue stream is volatile and uncertain, and supplies of these resources are finite.
Resource-dependent countries have several policy options available to deal with revenues from commodities. One mechanism that has been used, is the creation of an oil fund. These funds cannot be a substitute for financial and macro-economic management of the country, but can be the correct basis. Importantly, fund renewable sources alone cannot motivate savings oil revenue or to prevent excesses in consumption and waste them. If these funds are not well integrated in the budget can complicate financial management, lead the inefficient allocation of financial resources and help lack of transparency. Thus creating a fund should not consider simple solution to a complex problem.
Enjoying a treasury for all the government sources, transfer of the real budget surplus to oil fund, the pivotal role of central banks in managing foreign currency assets and limiting non-oil deficits as a complementary mechanism to the oil fund are four necessary specialties for an integrated budget.
Iran's foreign currency reserves account as a stabilization fund, was created in 2000 and the National Development Fund as an inter-generational fund in 2010. Norway oil fund was established in 1990. Disintegration of the financial system in Iran and Lack of unique management of public resources, has caused the amount of resources and state spendings not to be clear, impose some costs to the country's oil fund that are not documented in budget and finally, Iran's oil fund not be successful. Review of Norway Norway's financial systems, show that its oil funds are integrated in the financial system and the unified budget of the country.

In this paper, we try to analyze the effects of oil boom and management of oil revenues by government in a sustainable manner on optimal path of Iranian macroeconomic variables by designing a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model. This paper considers several scenarios of utilizing oil revenues in terms of allocating these revenues between savings in the form of oil fund on the one hand and consumption of oil revenues on the other hand. The results show that the a 50 percent increase in world oil price leads to higher optimal level of GDP, but the level of GDP excluding oil exports is reduced. According to the results, the long-term reaction of Iranian economy in the face of permanent shocks of oil price is consistent with the theory of Dutch disease. Due to the Dutch disease, production factors are decreased in tradable sectors and increased in oil and non-tradable sectors. However, the increase in employment in the oil and non-tradable sectors will not compensate for the fall of employment in the tradable sectors, thus total employment will decline. The analysis of oil revenue management shows that saving oil revenue in an oil fund leads to higher level of total consumption and gross domestic product in the long run. Saving oil revenues in an oil fund not only ensures precautionary measures against the so-called Dutch Disease syndrome, but also leads to increase in total employment.