جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "فلاونوئید ها" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil and the environment and choosing the right plant for phytoremediation is important considering the increasing expansion of urban wastewater. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications for 14 months at Guilan University. In this study, the accumulation index of metals (MAI) including zinc, chromium, lead, copper, manganese, nickel, and magnesium was measured in three plants of Cyperus alternifolius L., Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty and Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. treated with urban wastewater, and some of their morphological and physiological characteristics were compared. The results showed that under urban wastewater treatment, the MAI in C. zizanioides and A. vera was higher than in C. alternifolius. In all three studied plants, the indices of root length, shoot length, total biomass, uptake index (UI), and tolerance index (TI) were significantly reduced compared to the control plant, and A. vera had the highest percentage of reduction. Also, the highest percentage of increase in total soluble sugar, total phenol, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin, total tannin, and DPPH radical-scavenging percentage was observed in C. zizanioides. Therefore, it can be said that C. zizanioide was more successful in terms of metal accumulation and morphological and physiological characteristic

To determine some bioactive compounds of Amaranthus blitoides in different phenological stages, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replications. Three phenological stages, including eight-leaf, flowering and seed production stages, were considered three treatment of experiment, some phytochemical traits and phenolic acids, including quercetin, rutin, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, were measured. The highest total chlorophyll content (2.05 mg g-1) was observed at the seed production stage, while the lowest total chlorophyll content (0.94 mg g-1) was observed at the eight-leaf stage. The highest content of chlorophyll a and b was observed in the seed production stage, whereas the lowest amount of chlorophyll a and b was observed in the eight-leaf stage. The highest content of carotenoids was observed at the seed production stage. At different phenological stages, the evaluated traits had significant differences. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total tannins, and antioxidant capacity were observed in the flowering stage. HPLC analysis of extracts showed that quercetin and rutin production increased during growth until the flowering stage and then decreased. Also, the biosynthesis of two phenolic acids, including chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, was high at the eight-leaf stage and reduced after this phenological stage. In general, the highest amount of bioactive compounds and phenolic acids quercetin and rutin of this plant was observed in the flowering stage and the highest amount of plant pigments was observed in the seed production stage.

The present experiment was aimed to investigate the improvement of salt tolerance in narcissus by exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in a factorial complete randomized block design with three replications at the Research Greenhouse, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch during 2019-2020. Experimental treatments included irrigation by saline water at two levels 4 and 8 dS m-1 and control (without saline), as well as SNP (0, 100, 200, and 400 µM). The results indicated that elevated salt stress levels induce oxidative stress, including an increase in the hydrogen peroxide by 82% and malondialdehyde by 118% in plants. Severe salt stress reduced morphological traits, including a 40% decrease in flower longevity on the plant and a 49% decrease in the flowering duration of narcissus compared to non-stress conditions. The salt stress led to the change of antioxidant enzymes activities at different concentrations. The activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme positively correlated with salt treatment and increased up to 23%. While catalase enzyme increased up to 4 dS m-1 treatment by 87% and then decreased at a higher concentration in the leaves. However, SNP reduced oxidative damage in plants by improving antioxidant enzymes, proline and flavonoid content, ultimately, preventing the reduction of plant biomass. Finally, the present study showed that the exogenous application of SNP, especially at a concentration of 200 µM, improved narcissus tolerance to salinity stress by reducing the uptake of Na by 16%, as well as decreasing membrane lipid peroxides by 17%.

In this research, the amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were measured in waste obtained during producing of essential oil and rose water process and compared this compounds with methanolic extract of petals which are the main source of these compounds. 24 populations of Damask rose were collected from 11 cities in both East and West Azerbaijan provinces. Extracting essential oil and rose water were done in each of samples and finally, all wastes were sampled and methanolic extract of petals were obtained based on usual way. Total phenol of samples was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method and total amount of flavonoid was determined by Aluminum chloride colorimeter method. The antioxidant activity of samples was also measured in two way, 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Iron reduction. The obtained results in all measured factors were significant (p> 0.01). The obtained values of total phenol showed that the wastes can be used to extract of 44.5% of total phenol that extracted by methanolic extraction. In total flavonoid, obtained values of wastes showed that about 92% of total flavonoid in methanolic extract can be extracted from wastes. The measured antioxidant activity also showed that waste samples had the activity range of 0.14-1.30 mmol Fe++ /g DW in iron reduce method; in DPPH they also inactivated 17 to 71% free radicals. According to the results of this research, waste of essential oil and rose water producing can be used as a suitable and cheap resource to obtain natural antioxidants.

Colchicum speciosum is a medicinal plant rich in colchicine and phenolic compounds. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers were investigated on phenols and colchicine accumulation in the corm of C.speciosum from three regions in Mazandaran province (Philband, Kelerd and Sangdarka). Five fertilizer treatments were performed. The results showed that all nitrogen and nano-nitrogen treatments caused a significant increase in corm phenol in the plants of the Philband region. Comparison of the mean flavonoids of plants in three regions in different treatments showed that the use of nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers has significantly reduced flavonoids in plant corms of all studied plants. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer (1.1 mg / l) caused a significant increase in corm anthocyanin in all three populations. Nitrogen fertilizer with higher concentration also increased anthocyanin to some extent, while nano-nitrogen at different concentrations did not have a significant effect on the amount of anthocyanin in corm. Comparison of corm colchicine in nitrogen and nano-nitrogen treatments with control showed that nitrogen fertilizers in both concentrations decreased and nano-nitrogen fertilizers increased the amount of corm colchicine. The present results showed that the response of plants collected from the three regions to the different fertilizers was not the same.

In this study the aerial parts of Artemisia annua, Thymus vulgaris and Salvia officinalis Matricaria chamomill and Fruit of Pistacia atlantica in blooming were collected from farms and habitats of Sistan and Baloochestan and Fars province in 2016.The plant extracts were obtained by maceration method, phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocaltiu and Aluminum Chloride colorimetric, antioxidant activities were studied by method DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and then antimicrobial activities were estimated by disk-diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The plant extract of Artemisia annua and Thymus vulgaris respectively had maximum total phenolic (22.36 mg/g DW) and flavonoid contents (142.59 mg/g DW), antioxidant activity (IC50: 72.01 µg/ml and 70.75 µg/ml) and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively with inhibition zone (15.1 and 16.8 mm) and they were the most sensitive bacteria to plant extracts. Generally, the methanolic extract of the plants demonstrated different levels of antioxidant activity; in addition, the best antioxidant activity was related to Artemisia. Hence, it can be argued that these extracts of herb, instead of chemical drugs, can be used to treat infections. Furthermore, before using them all their side effects should be carefully investigated in in vitro accompanied by in vivo studies

Antioxidants metabolites which are protect the body against damage caused by free radical activity. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, which have a high antioxidant power. Karela (Momordica charantia L.) is an herb belonging to Cucurbitaceae family, consisted of phenolic compounds which can act as antioxidant. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different solvents (methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform) on total phenolic, flavonoids content and antioxidant activities of Karela in Sistan region in 2016. Different extracts of plant parts ( Root, leaves and fruit) were obtained by different solvents by maceration method. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured by Folin–Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activity of extracts were determined by using Diphenyl Picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The results were showed that the highest phenolic content was observed in fruit and leaf methanol extract (36.96±1.33 and 33.01±3.03 mg gallic acid/g DW respectively) and the least amount of phenol was extracted by ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform which was less than 1 mg/g DW. The highest flavonoid content was observed in leaf acetone and methanol extract (10.95±1/97 and 10.03±2.2 mg quercitin/g DW respectively). Fruit methanol extract showed higher antioxidant activity than other extracts in three methods. Based on results of this research, Karela fruit can be suggested as useful source of natural antioxidants.

Medical Plants like Salix alba are potential sources of natural antioxidants and produce various antioxidative compounds to counteract reactive oxygen species.
The aim of the present study was to determine total phenol and flavonoid and antioxidant activity of four various extracts of stem and branch barks of Salix alba from Hamedan.
In this study Phenol and flavnoid tests were done To determine antioxidant compounds. 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to determine the free radical quenching capacity.The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software.
The highest value of total phenol were relevant to ethanolic extracts of branch and stem barks that 60.87± 1.19 and 69.98 ± 1.41 mg Gallic acid/g dw was measured, respectively and the lowest value of total phenol were determined to chloroformic extracts. The highest level of total flavnoid in branch and stem barks were relevant to ethanolic extract amount 71.20± 4.08 and 60.87± 1.19 respectively and also the lowest level were determined to chloroformic extracts of stem and branch barks amount 12.56± 0.29 and 13.80± 0.57 respectively. Furthermore the most activity of the free radical quenching capacity DPPH after Ascorbic Acid were determined to ethanolic extracts of branch and stem bark 0.129 and 0.130 mg /ml. There were significant differences between means of total flavnoid and total phenol of stem and branch barks.In conclusion,The best antioxidant activity were relevant to ethanolic extracts of branch and stem barks.

Ultraviolet radiation as one of important stressful environmental factors, has deleterious effects on plant physiological processes and growth. Plants confront with this conditions that produce ROS, via specific physiological mechanisms. This study to investigate the effect of UV-C radiation on the physiological responses in radish (Raphanus sativus L.cv), the plant with one year old and belong to brassicaceae . This experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with different three varieties of plant radish seeds that cultured hydroponically in green house. After two weeks, seedlings were treated with UV-C for a period of 10 days for 3 minutes / day with daily dose of 12KJ/m2. The results of the evaluation showed that in all studied variations, UV-C lead to reduction in shoot and root dry weight and leaf area. The radiation also reduced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), sugar content and total soluble proteins. The total phenol, total amino acids and UV absorbing compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids, were increased under effect of UV-c radiation. By considering to obtained results, we concluded that in the variation of assayed metabolites, UV- C treated red radish plants had highest compatibility than other studied varieties.