جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پروانش » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Catharanthus roseus The most important species from Apocyanaceae contains an important and special group of indole alkaloids with a great medicinal value, which are distributed in all organs of the plant. The presence of valuable alkaloids in all organs of the plant has led to the introduction of this species as very important medicinal plants and their properties to be studied. This study was performed to investigate the effect of growth regulatory treatments on the activity of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) which is a cytosolic enzyme and a key enzyme in the secondary metabolite biosynthesis The effects of some growth regulators such as KIN, BA, NAA and IAA in three concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L) as well as various sugar treatments like sucrose, fructose and glucose in 3 concentrations (2% , 4% , 6%) and also the amino acid tryptophan (at concentrations 100 and 200 mg/L, were investigated on TDC enzyme activity. The experimant was performed in three replications as a factorial in a completely randomized design in Karaj Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute. in the applied IAA and NAA at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L respectively, increased the activity of TDC by about 10%. But cytokinins, KIN and BA at 1,0 mg/L had the greatest promotion effect of about 40%. Sugars such as Sucrose in concentrations 6%, fructose and glucose in 4% and amino acid tryptophan in concentration 100 mg/l had the maximal effects on the activity of TDC enzyme

Catharanthus roseus is one of the most extensively investigated medicinal plants. Increase the concentrations of TIAs in plant organs, by biotic and abiotic treatments, is an important breeding objective on C. roseus. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azospirillum brasilense separately and in combination along with moisture treatment at two levels were tested in Catharanthus roseus as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications. Effect of treatments was evaluated 30 days after applying moisture treatments on some of morphological traits and Tdc and Str genes expression at the root of plant using qRT-PCR reaction. Water deficit significantly increased root length but it had no significant effect on the expression of these genes. Treatment with A. brasilense in normal condition enhanced length, volume and surface of roots, also significantly increased Str key gene expression. P. fluorescens had a positive and significant effect on the expression of the studied genes under normal and stress conditions compared to the control plants, despite the decrease in the amount of morphological traits. P. fluorescens and A. brasilense, separately, performed better in terms of their effects on the expression of the studied genes and increased the gene expression in normal and stress conditions compared to control plants. It is expected that by increasing the expression of Tdc and Str genes, the product of these genes as well as the final products of TIAs biosynthetic pathway, including ajmalicin content enhance at the root of periwinkle plant.

The plant is a rich source of alkaloids that are distributed in all parts of the plant. The presence of valuable alkaloids in all parts of the plant has led to its introduction as a very important medicinal plant and its properties to be investigated. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of growth regulatory treatments on the biosynthesis of indole alkaloids of Parvanesh medicinal plant in culture. Tissue, suspension culture and field culture were performed. The experiment was performed in three separate cultures, including tissue culture, suspension culture, field culture and the effect of simultaneous use of IAA and NAA growth regulators on the amount of alkaloids produced by the butterfly plant. . IAA hormones in three concentrations (0.1, 0.5 mg / L) and NAA (0.1, 0.5 0.5 mg / L) in three replications in a completely randomized field design Karaj Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute was established in 1398. The experimental results showed that NAA increased the alkaloids of agemalicin, serpentine and increased the total alkaloids by about 20%. Among the growth regulators studied, IAA showed a decreasing effect on changes in alkaloid levels, and in some cases this decrease was about 10%. Also, the use of suspension culture method increased alkaloids and in field cultivation, the amount of total alkaloids increased compared to other methods. Based on the results of this experiment, it seems that the use of method In many cases, suspension cultivation has a relatively better advantage than the other two groups.

Catharanthusosseousis one of the most important andmost commonly used ornamental and medicinal plants ofthe family Apocynaceae. The plant originates in tropicalregions such as southern India, Indonesia andMadagascar. So far, about 130 types of alkaloids havebeen extracted fromCatharanthusroseous and this plantis one of the most important plant species with indolealkaloid of reserpine. The amount of these alkaloids intheCatharanthusroseousis very low and All parts ofthis plant, even the seeds, contain alkaloids. Bothvinblastine and vincristine alkaloids are commerciallyextracted from large quantities ofCatharanthusroseousthat both have anti-tumor effects and that's why they areso important in the pharmaceutical industry.Experimental and clinical studies have examined the efficacy of usingCatharanthusroseousin the recoveryof Bronchitis, Angina, Leukemia, Nasal Bleeding,Hemorrhoids, Mental powers, Tonsillitis, Gingivitis, expansion of vascular ducts and Cancer, have proven.But we should be careful in using this plant, because itsraw consumption through the mouth is dangerous andcan be hallucinatory.Catharanthusroseousis a valuable plant for chemotherapy with a set of Vinca alkaloids(including vincristine, ...) to treat a variety of cancers. Therefore in this article some of the Botanical,Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of thisplant are investigated.

Aim: Effects of two nanoparticles were investigated on the expression of STR, DAT and D4H genes in periwinkle.
Material and For this purpose, concentrations of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg per liter of cobalt and zinc oxide nanoparticles were used. Sampling was carried out at 0, 8, 24 and 48 hours after treatment.
Gene expression analysis was performed by the SQ-RT-PCR method. In general, both elicitors influenced gene expression. But, the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the gene expression were more pronounced than cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The highest expression of STR and D4H genes were occurred in 0.5 mg per liter of zinc oxide nanoparticles after 8 hours treatment, while in the case of DAT gene, it occurred in concentration of 1 mg per liter of this nanoparticle. Moreover, Cobalt oxide nanoparticles in most of the studied concentrations and time intervals caused decreases in gene expression.
Both nanoparticles had significant effects on gene expression of vinblastine and vincristine pathways.

Tropical plant، Catharanthus roseus contains worthy alkaloids such as vinblastine and ajmalicine. Since amount and pattern of alkaloid production could be affected by different environmental conditions، the effect of two elements of cadmium and nickel were investigated. Plants in the greenhouse conditions using a chemically inert substrate were cultivated and in a complete randomized block design were treated by different concentrations of cadmium and nickel until appearance of toxicity symptoms. The concentrations of cadmium and nickel، chlorophyll and total alkaloids of the leaves were measured. The patterns of alkaloids were determined by thin layer chromatography using of UV light and specific reagents of ceric ammonium sulfate and dragendorff. The results showed that toxicity symptoms of cadmium occurred at 10 µM or more and 50 µM or more for nickel which was accompanied with a decrease in chlorophyllconcentration and intervein chlorosis. By increase the concentration of metals، both the concentrations of metals and alkaloids increased in leaves but the concentrations of alkaloids decreased at very high concentration of cadmium. The chromatographic pattern of alkaloids was changed too. Treatment by cadmium and nickel caused appearance or intensified the bands of alkaloids with medium RF such as vincolidine or low RF such as serpentine. Indeed، cadmium and nickel by increase of the ample alkaloids، increase of the accumulation of rare alkaloids and increase in the ratio of alkaloid content to biomass، caused an increase to the total alkaloids.

Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don)، a medicinal plant، which economiclly is highly valued because of its anti-cancer lalkaloids of vincristine and vinblastine. Since the availability of nitrogen (N) is expected to play an important role in the biosynthesis and accumulation of alkaloids in plants، the effect of N fertilization on the content of alkaloids of periwinkle was studied. the four levels of 0، 100، 150، 200 kg/ha N fertilization in a bulok completely randomized design with three replications. N fertilization significantly increased the content of alkaloids in leaves. This study showed that by increasing N fertilization dry weight increased. The highest level of alkaloid vincristine was in the 0 kg/ha of N fertilization and the highest level alkaloid vinblastine was in the 200 kg/ha of N fertilization.

Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (Linn.) G. Don) is known as an important medicinal plant because it contains vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids. Therefore development of micro-propagation in vitro culture has high importance. The present study describes two shoot induction and one root induction optimization experiments. The experimental designs were 3×5 factorial (BAP × NAA و KN × NAA) for shoot induction trails and 3×5 factorial (IBA × NAA) for root induction trail based on completely randomized design with four replications. The best proliferation of shoot induction percent and shoot per explants was shown on the medium supplemented with high KN and NAA، respectively. In overall، KN (0. 1 mg/l) + NAA (1 mg/l) combination proved to be optimal for the production of maximum number of shoots. Mean comparison showed that the highest multiplication rate was obtained with 0. 1 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (87%) and with 0. 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine + 2 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (100%). The best condition for rooting (root number and length) was 0. 4 mg/l IBA + 4 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid and the maximum root length was observed on medium supplemented with higher NAA concentration.

Mycorrhizas providea symbiotic associations in which the fungus obtains carbon from the plant، while providing the plant with a supply of phosphorus. On the other hand، periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus L.) have been investigated due to production of two medicinal alkaloids namely vinblastine and vincristine. In this evaluation، tryptophan was used as precursor of these alkaloids under tissue culture conditions. Inoculation by mycorrhiza induced the growth and survival of several species during acclimatization، which was the most important challenge of tissue culture. For this reason، the regeneration plantlets obtained under different concentrations of tryptophan، were exposed to acclimatization to mycorrhizal colonization and their shoot growth and biochemical factors were evaluated. Results from measurement of length، fresh and dry weights، soluble sugars and total protein content and also، chlorophyll a and b of shoots، indicated the positive role of these two treatments on growth of periwinkle plantlets under acclimatization. The highest amount of height and fresh and dry weight in shoots were obtained in colonized samples with Glomus versiforme and under 0، 150 and 250 mg/l tryptophan treatments، respectively. Also، the highest content of total protein and soluble sugars content was observed in G. versiforme colonized plants under 350 mg/l tryptophan treatment. Finally، evaluation of the chlorophyll a and b contents showed that the highest amount of these factors obtained in the colonized samples with G. versiforme and G. etunicatum، respectively، under 250 mg/l tryptophan treatment.