جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « identification » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

This study aimed to identify the gastropod fauna in the intertidal areas of Kharg Island by differentiating the families Trochidae, Planaxidae, Turbinidae, and Muricidae using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Gastropod sampling was conducted at five stations in the intertidal zones of Kharg Island (depths less than 1 meter) during the spring and winter of 2015. The samples were frozen and transported to the laboratory. Following a morphometric study, the organic matter in the oral cavity of the gastropods was digested, and their radulae were isolated and prepared for SEM analysis. Five species were identified in this research: Trochus firmus, Trochus erithreus (Trochidae), Turbo radiatus (Turbinidae), Planaxis sulcatus (Planaxidae), and Thais savignyi (Muricidae). The radula types were ripidoglossan in Trochus firmus, Trochus erithreus, and Turbo radiatus; taenioglossan in Planaxis sulcatus; and stenoglossan in Thais savignyi. The radulae of these gastropods differed in the shape of their central, lateral, and marginal teeth. Therefore, the evaluation of radulae using a scanning electron microscope is an effective method for more precise identification of gastropods.

Molluscs are important pests of natural and agricultural ecosystems, by feeding on different parts of leaves, stems, flowers, buds, fruits and roots of different plant hosts, reducing the marketability of annual agricultural products and damage plant species in different habitats in the country. Moreover, they are intermediate hosts of human and cattle parasites, and therefore are of medicinal and veterinary importance. In this study, snails and slugs were sampled from nine designated stations located in the south and west regions of Tehran province, considering their natural condition, vegetation, location of gardens and fields, soil or subsoil types, from the beneath of rocks and trunks, water bodies and other areas related to the habitat of snails and slugs. Samples were made using sampling nets or gathered directly by hand from plants, shrubs and river banks. Overally, 17 species belonging to 12 genera from nine families were collected and identified. Identification was done according to morphometric characters including shape, size of shell, dextral and sinistral position of the shell, operculum, aperture, radula, mucus colour, respiratory pore, keel, renal ridge and reproduction system. The highest and lowest mollusc species diversity among the stations studied were turned to be 16 and 6 species belong to station 9 (west of Tehran province) and station 2 (south of Tehran province), respectively. The most commonly diversed family was Hellicidae with 5 species, i.e., Monacha cantiana, Euomphalia pisiformis, Helicella krynickii, Helicella derbentina, Caucasotachea atrolabiata. Also, Lymnaea truncatula is identified as the most frequent species, which has medical importance. Monacha cantiana was identified in the present study and reported for the first time from Iran. All the samples and their respective spatial and temporal information were made available in the museum of the Agricultural Zoology Research Department in Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection.

In this research, taxonomic study and species identification in the gnus Pontella, collected from five stations during an annual period at coastal/estuarine northern waters of Bushehr were done, and two congeneric species in the genus of Pontella Dana, 1846 including Pontella danae var. ceylonica and Pontella investigatoris were first identified/described from Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Also Pontella danae var. ceylonica was recognized on the basis of female specimens, and Pontella investigatoris was known on the basis of male specimens, and a co-occurrence of one male (P investigatoris ) and 2 female at the most samples was accounted. Based on the result of dbRDA, the most important and effective environmental parameters on dispersion pattern of P. investigatoris were salinity and depth, and the most important and effective environmental parameters on dispersion pattern of P. danae var. ceylonica were depth, salinity, transparency depth, respectively. Consequently the results of this study demonstrated that two congeneric identified species are marine, have a tendency to offshore waters.

The identification of Anura amphibians species in the southeastern cities of Tehran province was examined through histological studies. 4 main stations (i.e. Pakdasht, Varamin, Qarchak, Pishva) were selected in the southeast of Tehran province. Then, 24 samples specimens were preserved at 10% formalin solution and transferred to the laboratory for histological studies. Studies have shown that in one group of samples (Green Toad, Pseudepidalea (Bufo) viridis) there were toxin-producing glands. In this group, the 3-layer epithelium and below it the chromatophores were quite visible. Beneath them were large glands that produce toxins, followed by connective tissue and then striped muscles. In a group of amphibians (Marsh frog, Pelophylax (Rana) ridibunda) collected, a 4-layer epithelium was observed that divided itself into two subgroups: some with mucosal secretory glands and some without mucosal glands, but in the latter two groups, chromatophores, connective tissue, striped muscles and cartilage were seen. Another group of amphibians found that the epithelium was three-layered but had no venom-producing glands or no mucosal glands, but two features were seen in histological observations, such as some with cartilage and some without cartilage. The results of histological studies showed that in addition to morphological, morphological and genetic studies, histological studies can be used to identify of Anura. These differences indicate the possibility of polymorphism in the Marsh frog species.

The use of medicinal and aromatic herbs in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and food industries is related to the quantitative and qualitative identification of the compounds in them. Identification and investigation of botanical and phytochemical of the plants is the first step in order to use them. Artemisia absinthium L. belongs to the Asteraceae family and has been used as customary herbal medicine for the treatment of gastric and cardiac stimulation, improvement of memory and for restoration of mental function. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical analysis of an extract of a species of Iranian Artemisia called Afsantin from Ardabil province, from for the purpose of natural compound combinations. For this purpose, the aerial part of the plant was collected at the flowering stage from Namin area in Ardebil province, northwest of Iran in July 1394, and by extracted by maceration method in a mixture of three solvents: methanol : diethyl ether : hexane with a 1:1:1 ratio. Then, in order to separate the long chain hydrocarbons, the defatting procedure was performed, the obtained extract was loaded on the chromatographic column and evaluated for compound composition. After phytochemical investigations, a sesquiterpene from guaianolides family was identified and determined by using 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR and DEPT spectroscopy techniques. A crystalline solid with a molecular formula C15H18O2 was detected as a kind of guaianolide from A. absinthium.

Two specimens of Vallisneria denseserrulata from the southeastern part of the Seimareh River in the Iranian province of Ilam were documented as new records for the flora of Iran. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of the specimens using DNA Sequence data from nuclear internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and the plastid matK and trnK 5' intron gene regions revealed that the specimens are not conspecific with V. spiralis that has long been regarded to be the sole representative of the genus in Iran. Although their quite similar appearances do not preclude the possibility of the two siblings as being misidentified with each other, the fact that Vallisneria species are highly cultivated and traded commercially around the world, as well as its resolution within the clade containing the cultivated material of unknown provenance, left open the possibility of it being an escapee from cultivation which has established and naturalized in the region.

Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) are a group of predatory bacteria which invade other Gram-negative bacterial cells for growth. The bacteriolytic nature of Bdellovibrios make them one of the promising alternatives for conventional antibiotics. In this study, the isolation and molecular identification of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain SOIR-1 was described. The antibiotic resistance pattern of some clinically isolated Gram-negative pathogens was determined, and the predatory potency of SOIR-1 toward them was evaluated.

Double-layer agar technique, transmission electron microscopy, and PCR targeting the Bdellovibrios-specific hit locus were used for the isolation, morphological investigation, and molecular identification of SOIR-1, respectively. Following the antibiotic resistance profile determination of clinical isolates, the bacteriolytic activity of SOIR-1 against them was evaluated through the plaque formation assay and lysis analysis in the broth co-cultures.

SOIR-1 was identified as a strain of Bdellovibrios bacteriovorus through the transmission electron microscopy examination and specific PCR detection. All clinical isolates showed the properties of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and typical Bdellovibrios plaques were developed on their lawns of cells. The SOIR-1 had the highest and lowest predation efficiency among the clinical isolates toward Acinetobacter baumannii (84.33%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-369 (55.16%), respectively.

This study highlights the great potential of SOIR-1 to prey and lyse XDR pathogens, regardless of their antimicrobial resistance state. So, B. bacteriovorus can be considered as a living antibiotic in the cases of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

In the course of the survey of mollusk fauna associated with the Karaj River in Alborz province of Iran and the collections made in the period 2015-2016, the fauna of snails was investigated. Specimens were mainly collected and studied using conventional methods such as sampling nets and direct collection by hand from aquatic plants, rotten substrates, shrubs, and weeds along the river. A total of 19 species of snails were identified for the first time from the Karaj River in Alborz Province, which belonged to 11 genera from 8 families and based on morphometric characteristics (including shape, size of shell, the dextral and sinistral position of the shell, operculum, aperture, radula, mucus color, respiratory pore, keel, renal ridge, and reproduction system). The most and least distribution among the identified snail species were 15 and 7 species belonging to Stations 2 and 7 of the Karaj River, respectively. The most commonly-distributed family was Lymnaeidae with 4 species of Lymnaea truncatula, Lymnaea gedrosiana, Lymnaea palustris, and Lymnaea pereger. Also, among the identified species, Lymnaea truncatula was the most frequent and had medical applications in the transmission of parasitic diseases in humans and Lymnaea truncatula. Gyraulus chinensi species was reported for the first time from Iran. All samples along with all relevant spatial and temporal information are available in the Museum of Agricultural Zoology Research Department of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute.

Reducing fossil fuels, increasing fuel prices and carbon dioxide emissions, and concern about climate change are encouraging factors for biofuels production. Microbial biofuels are liquid and gaseous fuels which produced by microorganisms. Bioethanol is a suitable alternative biofuel for petroleum based fuels. For the industrial and high-scale production of bioethanol, the first step is isolation of suitable yeast strain with high tolerance to ethanol and high-level ethanol production. Hence, the aim of this study was Isolation of industrial strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae with high tolerance to ethanol from Iran's alcohol manufactures. Sampling from several Iran's alcohol manufactures was carried out for the isolation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the highest ethanol production and tolerance. Selected yeast strain was examined by morphological, biochemical tests such as sugars fermentation, absorption of nitrogen compounds and carbon compounds, and also molecular test. The selected yeast strain produced 8% ethanol and tolerated 12% ethanol. The morphological, biochemical and molecular tests confirmed that the yeast strain is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and this strain was named Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sahand 101. The isolated industrial yeast strain with the suitable characteristics in terms of ethanol production and tolerance to ethanol can be used for further studies and increase ethanol production by optimization methods at the level of flask and bioreactor.

The fauna of Jajrood snails in the province of Tehran during the years 2015-2016 was investigated. A total of 23 species of snails were identified for the first time in the Jajrood River of Tehran province, belonging to 17 genera from 19 families, and based on morphometric characteristics (shape, size, patterns on oysters, aperculus, oysters, rectangular or leftover) The presence of oysters, the location of the respiratory hole, median back, mucus and its color, body size, radula, kidney line and reproductive system were identified. The highest and lowest species diversity among the identified snails is with 14 and 8 species, respectively, from stations 2 and 6 from Jajrood River, 36 km from each other. The largest family in terms of family diversity Cochlicella acuta, Euomphalia pisiformis, Helicella krynickii, Helix lucorum lnnaeus, Helicella derbentina, Euomphalia ravergieri, Caucasotachea atrolabiata, Levantina dschulfensis. Also, Lymnaea truncatula is identified as the most frequent and has medical importance. Limax maculates and Arion ater species are reported for the first time from Iran.

This study was directed in the four stations of the coast of Noor, Mahmoudabad and Royan cities (Mazandaran Province) located in the coast of the Caspian Sea for identification and determine some ecological factors of crab Rhithropanopeus harrrissi. Samples of each station were fixed and transported to the laboratory and were identified at the species level. The 192 collected samples were found to be Rhithropanopeus harrrissi in the laboratory analysis. In order to verifying the species, our samples compare with the metatypical crab samples in the Zoological Museum, University of Tehran. Also in this species, morphological features, sex ratio, abundance and distribution were analysis. The one ways ANOVA with LSD test showed a significant difference (p

One of the most important genera of subfamilies Salsoloideae is the genus Halothamnus. that has spread worldwide. This genus belongs to the beet family (Chenopodiaceae) and in Iran, there are 5 species often grow in saline and arid areas of the country. Identification of Halothamnus genus species due to the morphological similarities between different species of genus Halothamnus, for the morphological similarities among species, diverse habitats and strong apparent differences, it is difficult for Botanists. In this invistegation, 6 species of Halothamnus were collected from different areas of the country (1 species of annual and 5 perennial species) and for these species preapered identification key. Important distinguish of seperated for the species, in these of key were related to 17 qualitative and quantitative traits from vegetative and reproductive structures. Quantitative traits were included such as leaves, bract, bracteole, tepal, perianth tube, perianth with wings, stigma, plant height and flower distance form each other and too quality traits included of growth form, the crack, leaf shape, leaf tip, bract shape, bracteole shape, perianth pit depth, pit shape perianth, flowering time, the perianth parts and status of wings of perianth. The genus Halothamnus with have deep root systems, high osmotic pressure, and water use efficiency of different life forms as an important forage crop in the arid lands and for cultivation in saline soils where other crops do not good produce or regions that irrigation with carry out only with saline water can be important.

This study was conducted to identification and abundance of shell occupied by hermit crabs in 8 selected stations located in the intertidal zones of southern Qeshm Island. Sampling was conducted during the Dec. 2013. Some of samples of each station were separately fixed in 70% ethanol and were transported to the laboratory. In this study 605 samples of hermit crabs was surveyed. According to our results eight hermit crab species (Clibanarius signatus, Clibanarius virescens, Diogenes avarus, Diogenes planimanus, Dardanus tinctor, Areopaguristes perspicax, Pagurus kulkarniii and Coenobita scaevola) were identified in the intertidal zones of southern Qeshm Island. Our results showed these hermit crabs were occupied with 28, 17, 24, 10, 4, 18, 4 and 3 species of gastropods respectively for protecting their abdominal section. In general 50 gastropod shell species occupied by 8 hermit crabs species. Highest shell occupied by Clibanarius signatus with 28 gastropod shell species. Thais lacera with 13/89% occupations of all the shells was the highest frequent occupied shells. Station 5 (Mangrove forest) had the highest abundance of the hermit crabs and shell occupation.

Mass spectrometry is a one of the most powerful techniques for identify of materials. This techniquemakesthe materials to be identified with the accurate determination of their mass. With the discovery of soft ionization techniques, this technique was entered into the field of molecular biology. So it was used for the identification of biological molecules. The introduction of mass spectrometry as an important research tool in biology and medical science and the introduction of several applications of this technique in these two areas are the main goals of this study. The method that was used in this study is the type of library research and this study was conducted on the basis of published articles in the past few decades. Latin articles related to the topic studied and the conclusions of them have been investigated. Mass spectrometry methods provide a unique opportunity for molecular specific analyses. This method has created a great development in detecting biological molecules. The molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, oligosaccharides and lipides which constitute a main biopolymers of organisms are identified and analyzed by this method. Therefore, the study of molecular processes of the cell is possible. The high sensitivity and accuracy of mass spectrometry makes the development of new fields such as genomics, proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics. Mass spectrometry has been widely used in molecular biology and researches in the field of proteomics is performedwiththe help of mass spectrometry.This method has an effective role in the understanding of molecular and functional mechanisms of the cell with identification of proteins and peptides and also with determination of molecular complexes.

The present work aims to determine fauna and abundance of hermit crabs in the southern Qeshm Island. For these aims, after preview of coastal zone, eight stations were selected in the intertidal zones of southern Qeshm Island. Sampling in these stations was conducted during the Dec. 2013. Totally, 605 specimens of hermit crabs were studied and calculated. For identification and accurate laboratory analysis, some of these specimens were fixed in 70% ethanol and transported to the laboratory. Base on valid identification keys, eight hermit crab species Clibanarius signatus, Clibanarius virescens, Diogenes avarus, Diogenes planimanus, Dardanus tinctor, Areopaguristes perspicax, Pagurus kulkarnii and Coenobita scaevola from six geneses and three families were identified in the intertidal zones of southern Qeshm Island. Also, Clibanarius virescens (Krauss, 1843), was reported in the Persian Gulf for the first time. All identified species were compared with the metatypical hermit crab samples in the Zoological Museum, University of Tehran and the species were verified. Compare the identified species in this study with the other studies showed that identified species in this study are so the same as the Oman Sea and north coast of Arabian Sea species. In addition, Station five (Mangrove Forest) had the highest rate of abundance of hermit crabs.