جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "lncrna" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. LncRNAs play critical role in various cellular processes and are associated with several diseases. CCAT2 is a lncRNA molecule overexpressed in thyroid cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CCAT2 gene can cause changes in the structure and function of CCAT2 transcripts and susceptibility to several diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association of rs6983267 in CCAT2 gene with thyroid cancer susceptibility in the Azeri population of Iran. In this "case-control" study, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 102 individuals affected by thyroid cancer and 103 healthy individuals as controls. Genotyping was performed using TETRA-ARMS polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between genotypes and/or alleles with the occurrence of thyroid cancer in the studied population, patients' gender, and tumor type. Nevertheless, we found that the allelic and genotypic distribution of this SNP was associated with the size of thyroid tumors in patients. It is assumed that investigating more individuals from both case and control group may further determine the genotypic and allelic frequencies of this SNP locus in Iranian-Azeri population.

Many complex systems such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, the brain, and the causes of diseases can be described by networks with nodes representing agents and links representing relationships or interactions between nodes. Despite these systems seeming utterly different at first glance, they are all made up of interacting parts. Individual objects in this type of system are not isolated but connected through links or relationships. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), one of the factors related to many diseases, are specific genes in the human genome that control many different biological processes. lncRNAs have been shown to regulate cancer development and occurrence. We used link prediction bioinformatics tools to identify lncRNAs affecting various types of cancers. To achieve this goal, two-part networks were used using CN (Common Neighbors), AA (Adamic/Adar), PA (Preferential Attachment), and JC (Jaccard's Coefficient) algorithms. The results indicated that all the obtained lncRNAs with a high score had been reviewed in other research articles, which was a sign of the correctness of our algorithms. 4.5% of the obtained results lacked scientific and research studies, all with a high score for future studies and included lncRNA H19 and SPRY4-IT1. In addition, in one case with a high score and first position in the Excel file obtained using the Jaccard coefficient algorithm, lncRNA with the symbol AC09510.3 was associated with adenocarcinoma. Still, this possible link has not been investigated in any article yet. Conclusion The current study may identify novel lncRNAs implicated in Adenocarcinoma, vulva squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, gestational choriocarcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, brain cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, embryonal cancer, germ cell cancer, and choriocarcinoma; however, further research is required to determine the potential functions of this lncRNAs in cancers mentioned above.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cellular mechanisms including transcription, translation, and apoptosis. NEAT1 is one of the essential types of lncRNAs in humans that can bind to active genes and modify their transcription. NEAT1 upregulation in various forms of cancer such as kidney cancer has been reported. Kidney cancer accounts for approximately 3% of all cancers worldwide and occurs almost twice as often in men as in women. This study has been performed to knockout the NEAT1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in the Renal Cell Carcinoma ACHN cell line and to evaluate its effects on cancer progression and apoptosis. Two specific (single guide RNA (sgRNA) sequences for the NEAT1 gene were designed by CHOPCHOP software. These sequences were then cloned into plasmid pSpcas9, and recombinant vectors PX459-sgRNA1 and PX459-sgRNA2 were generated. ACHN cells were transfected using recombinant vectors carrying sgRNA1 and sgRNA2. The expression level of apoptosis-related genes was assessed by real-time PCR. Annexin, MTT and cell scratch tests were performed to evaluate the survival, proliferation, and migration of the knocked out cells, respectively. The results have shown successful knockout of the NEAT1 gene in the cells of the treatment group. Expressions of P53, BAK, BAX and FAS genes in the cells of the treatment group (NEAT1 knockout) showed significant increases in expression compared to the cells of the control group (P <0.01). Additionally, decreased expression of BCL2 and survivin genes was observed in knockout cells compared to the control group (p <0.05). In addition, in the cells of the treatment group compared to control cells, a significant decrease in cell viability, ability to migrate and cell growth and proliferation was observed. Inactivation of the NEAT1 gene in ACHN cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 technology elevated apoptosis and reduced cell survival and proliferation which makes it a novel target for kidney cancer therapeutics.

Cancer is one of the most complex and common diseases affected by many factors. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the genetic characteristics of cancer, among which we can mention lncRNA Long Non-Coding RNAs, which effectively eliminate cancer tumors. LncRNAs are non-coding protein transcripts with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that react with other molecules through their unique structure and affect many cellular processes and chemical reactions in this way; they act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in tumorigenic responses. On the other hand, lncRNAs play an essential role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, regulation of gene expression at different epigenetic levels of transcription, post-transcription, and interaction of molecules with other vital factors such as DNA, proteins, and other RNAs. Some lncRNAs can react with enzymes that change the state of chromatin and increase the transcriptional activity of some genes or turn off another group of genes. Also, lncRNAs are present in essential processes such as directing ribonucleoprotein complexes, regulating alternating processing, and maintaining the state of multipotency. Examining the function of lncRNAs has greatly impacted the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer cells. This review closely examines recent research on the use of lncRNAs in progression as clinical biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets in cancer.

Identification of gene expression profiles, RNA interactions, gene regulation patterns, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is important for determining the molecular mechanisms underlying the normal odontogenesis and the pathology of oral and dental disorders. Therefore, this in silico study aimed to identify novel proteins, RNA interactions, and deleterious SNPs related to four major genes (MSX2, SHH, SMAD7, TFAP2) involved in the odontogenesis process. After pathway enrichment and gene ontology analysis, the protein-protein, microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA, and miRNA-long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) interactions and networks were determined for the selected genes using integrated bioinformatics analyses. Moreover, the potential deleterious SNPs in the selected genes were identified and finally, their validation and implications on the structure of proteins were investigated by specific bioinformatics tools. The results of this study introduced UBE2I, RNF111, MYBL2, and VEGFA as novel factors that may involve in odontogenesis. It was also found that the MSX2, SHH, and TFAP2A are targeted by hsa-miR-6775-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, and hsa-miR-432-5p, respectively. Moreover, the hsa-miR-134-5p regulated the SHH and TFAP2A gene expression. LINC02035 and C3orf35 were also introduced as important lncRNAs that may involve in competitive endogenous RNA interaction with the SHH for binding to the hsa-miR-149-3p. Moreover, LINC00319, interacting with the hsa-miR-6775-5p, indirectly regulated the MSX2 expression. We also identified various SNPs in the investigated genes that changed the normal structure and thus the function of their related proteins. This study, for the first time, introduces different new proteins, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and SNPs that may be important for normal odontogenesis and the pathology of oral and dental disorders.

Patients with ovarian cancer are mostly diagnosed at advanced stages which leads to poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Deregulation of lncRNA HOXD-AS1 expression associates with cancer development and metastasis. However, the expression level of this lncRNA in ovarian cancer is not determined.50paired ovarian tumors and their adjusted normal tissues were included in the study. Total RNA was extracted by TRIzol® Reagent and reverse-transcribed to cDNA using PrimeScript II cDNA synthesis kit. The expression levels of HOXD-AS1 were quantified by qRT-PCR and compared. The Roc curve analysis was used to evaluate the capacity of HOXD-AS1 as a biomarker for ovarian cancer. We observed that lncRNA HOXD-AS1 was significantly upregulated in ovarian tumors compared to their adjusted normal tissues (p <0.003). Moreover, the ROC curve analysis revealed that the lncRNA HOXD-AS1 expression level could discriminate tumoral and non-tumoral tissues with 85% sensitivity and 88% specificity. The lncRNA HOXD-AS1 expression level might be considered as a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer development.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Late diagnosis is the main cause of the high rate of treatment failure and death among patients with gastric cancer; therefore identifying the molecular basis of cancer initiation and metastasis is so critical for developing efficient methods for early diagnosis and therapy. long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the largest group of noncoding RNAs, which are involved in cancer pathogenesis. Regarding the roles of lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 and lncRNA-MVIH in cancer pathogenesis and progression, we aimed to evaluate expression profiles and clinicopathological relevance of these two genes in human gastric cancer. Real-time PCR was performed to assess relative gene expressions in 60 tumoral and non-tumoral gastric tissues. The association between gene expressions and clinicopathological characteristics were also analyzed. Expression and clinicopathological data of the lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 from 318 gastric cancer patients were also downloaded from the TCGA database. HNF1A-AS1 was down-regulated in GC tissues and MVIH did not show any significant differential expression in GC tissues. Otherwise, the expression of lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 was significantly higher in TCGA tumor samples. Furthermore, lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 expression was associated with tumor metastasis and that of lncRNA-MVIH showed association with tumor grade and stage. lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 expression status did not show any significant correlation with GC overall survival. In conclusion, lncRNA-HNF1A-S1 and lncRNA-MVIH genes may play a critical role in gastric cancer progression. Functional studies on the mechanism of action of these two lncRNAs could help to understand their role in gastric cancer progression.

OCT4 is the major regulator of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells and its association with tumorigenesis, cellular stress response, and homeostatic multifactorial diseases have been recently reported. To serve the versatility in its function, OCT4 generates several transcript variants which their expression levels are tightly regulated through different mechanisms. PSORS1C3 is a long non-coding RNA with overlapping genomic location with OCT4 gene. Here, we investigated the effect of PSORS1C3 overexpression on OCT4 expression in different cell lines. Our data revealed that ectopic expression of PSORS1C3 did not affect OCT4 transcripts abundance in NT2 cells, as a model of pluripotent cells. However, in HEK293T cells, PSORS1C3 overexpression led to an increase in OCT4B as a homeostatic isoform and a decrease in OCT4A transcript level. We also observed that manipulating PSORS1C3 in HeLa cells, as a model of epithelial carcinoma line, caused an upregulation in OCT4A, OCT4C which could regulate stemness and proliferation and OCT4B transcripts at different time points. Our findings indicated that PSORS1C3 could affect the expression level of OCT4 spliced variants, according to their functions and the cells molecular context as well as genetic background. Considering these diverse regulatory effects and co-expression of OCT4 and PSORS1C3 in some cell lines, it is safe to consider PSORS1C3 as a modulator of OCT4 expression in non-pluripotent cells and in association with homeostatic pathways.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently found to have important regulatory roles, and their aberrant expressions and functions are directly linked to carcinogenesis. Both urinary bladder and breast tumors are prevalent neoplasms, with high rates of incidence. To identify a potential expression alteration of the recently discovered «anti-differentiation non-coding RNA, (ANCR), during tumorigenesis, we initially assessed its expression in several cancer cell lines (LNCAP, MCF-7, Ht-29, 5637, A549, HepG2, and PC3) and then compared its expression variability in tumor vs. non-tumor samples of bladder and breast. Here, ANCR expression profile was studied by qRT-PCR in paired tumor and marginal non-tumor samples obtained from patients that had been referred to the Labbafi-Nejad and Imam Khomeini Hospitals, respectively. Our data revealed a significant upregulation (p = 0. 003) of ANCR in breast tumor tissues, in comparison to non-tumor marginal specimens from same patients. Similar upregulation was also detected in bladder tumor samples, however, this alteration was not statistically significant (p ≥ 0. 05), probably due to small number of samples (n = 10). In conclusion, our results suggest a possible role of ANCR in tumorigenesis of bladder and breast tissues, as well as its potential usefulness as a novel diagnostic biomarker for bladder and breast tumors.