جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مکان یابی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

 Waste management program is carried out in urban areas in order to prevent the effects and risks of environment and health on public health. The purpose of this study is to select a landfill in the new city of Hashtgerd according to the criteria defined by the Environmental Protection Organization and the Management and Planning Organization.

 Based on these criteria, environmental parameters were studied and the maps were prepared by the geographic information system in the study area. AHP method was used to weight the environmental layers and these weights were defined for each environmental layer separately in the GIS and all weighted layers were combined using GIS.

 The results of the GIS identified 3 areas suitable for the construction of landfills. In order to prioritize the 3 options obtained, a multi-criteria decision model was used to create the burial site, and among the methods defined in the MCDM model, the TOPSIS method was selected to prioritize the options. TOPSIS method calculations were performed using TOPSIS SOLVER software.

 The results of this software show that option 2 is the best option for constructing a landfill at the study area. One of the most important solutions in the location process is the use of remote sensing and the use of international standards.
 

The purpose of this research is providing a suitable model for locating emergency accommodation caused by natural and unnatural disasters in the 19th district of Tehran.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and data analysis is done using MCDM and Arc GIS and Excel system. The statistical population was selected from among the variables of emergency accommodation location and the sampling method was simple and the sampling volume was obtained using Morgan's table (n = 19). The research tool was a questionnaire that was quantitatively designed and its questions were extracted using emergency accommodation standards and distributed among experts. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its value was 0.421. The reliability of the questionnaire was also calculated using SPSS20 software with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.827.

finding of the present research was considered from 3 main criteria (desirability, compatibility and capacity) and 18 sub-criteria to determine accommodation. In the process of locating emergency accommodation, first, information layers were prepared, then standardization and AHP coefficients were applied to them, and finally, after weighting them, layers were overlapped.

After the final production of the settlement map and according to the results of this research, 28 zones with a value of 7-9 were accepted for settlement. Also, 17 areas with a value of 7 (relatively good), 7 areas with a value of 8 (good) and 4 areas with a value of 9 (ideal) were identified in the study area for emergency accommodation. In total, 1,321,8725 square meters, equivalent to 1,321 hectares, were habitable in District 19 of Tehran.

Greenhouse refers to a limited space that has the ability to control the appropriate environmental conditions for the growth of plants in different areas during different seasons of the year. Rapid economic and cultural growth, population growth, soil and water constraints, the community's need for food, the existence of large consumer markets and the interest in producing off-season crops in recent years have led to the development of greenhouse crops. But choosing the wrong place to build a greenhouse leads to a waste of capital and the failure of these goals. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal location of the greenhouse in Asadabad plain with a sustainable development approach.

Due to the existence of numerous and effective parameters –for the performance of greenhouses, the technique of multi-criteria analysis has been used to find a suitable location. Also, due to the uncertainty in the behavior of natural parameters, fuzzy logic has been used to model the effect of the parameters.

The results show that of the total area of Asadabad plain, 10% are in a very good condition, 39% are in a good condition (suitable with restrictions) and 51% are in a bad condition in terms of greenhouse construction.

Relying on spatial analysis can reduce the investment risk for greenhouses and lead to environmental sustainability.

The location of city service units such as fire stations in urban areas is always one of the issues of municipalities that should be investigated and determined very carefully. The effectiveness of service quality and efficiency of fire stations is highly dependent on their proper location. Therefore, in this study, an attempt is made to determine the appropriate place to use for the establishment of a fire station by examining location information in district 16 of Tehran municipality (Nazi Abad district). For this purpose, 8 indicators affecting the location of the station were determined. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used in order to prioritize them and determine the weight of their effect. Then spatial information of each of the indicators for the studied area were prepared in ARCGIS and discussed. Finally, by combining the maps, suitable places to establish a fire station with maximum efficiency were determined. According to the results, the southern strip and a part of the northern area of the investigated area are completely suitable for building a fire station. There is no possibility to build a fire station in the northwest and west side of the area due to its usage. Also, the eastern and northeastern sides have a similar situation.

Nowadays, the urban community has been affected by population growth and migration, which collectively have led to unplanned construction and unrestrained urban expansion. In the meantime, the industrial sector is one of the most important factors that have a great impact on the concentration of population and activities, and thus accelerates the growth process and creates a plethora of changes in the landscape. The lack of proper attention to regional spatial planning often leads to unplanned expansion of industrial areas, and it can cause instability. The main objectives of this study are to identify industrial clusters and determine the optimal areas for industrial development. In this study, using statistical information and applying localization coefficient (LQ) analysis, cumulative and competitive effects of industrial clusters of Gorgan, Gonbad-Kavus and Aq-Qala Townships were identified. Then, using 16 indicators as factors and constraints for the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and Order Weighted Average (OWA) decision making models in GIS, the optimum locations of the industries were identified. According to the results, five industrial clusters including food and beverage industries, wood and wood products except sofa, paper and paper products production, production of refined petroleum products and manufacturing of materials and chemical products were identified in the study area. The research findings show that adjacent areas to urban settlements, due to geographical advantage, proximity to urban infrastructures and comfortable accessibility to human resources, are suitable areas for the establishment of industries. Furthermore, the cities of Gonbad-Kavus and Aq-Qala had the highest and the lowest areas of the suitable zones for industrial development, respectively.

Water scarcity in arid areas is a serious crisis. The most important step in using rainwater collection systems is to locate suitable areas. In this research, three methods of multivariate regression model and GIS have been used to locate the on-site and off-site rainwater collection method in Tejreh watershed. In this study, canopy, litter, rock and gravel, bare soil, CN, precipitation, slope and soil depth as independent variables and influence on in situ rainwater collection and maximum instantaneous discharge for non-in situ rainwater collection method The title of the dependent variable was considered. The multivariate regression model uses stepwise method, backward removal method, and forward method. And the standard step-by-step method, regression removal method, step-by-step method in collecting rainwater, non-in situ method have been used. The final results by matching the results of previous research show in step rainwater collection, stepwise method and between layers CN, soil, percentage of rock and gravel, and in non-in situ rainwater collection stepwise regression method Standard and among layers the percentage of litter, percentage of canopy, CN, slope, percentage of rocks and pebbles, amount of rainfall, percentage of bare soil and soil depth are known to be important in the equation. Finally, the importance of rain collection sites was divided into four classes: very good, good, medium and poor.

One of the challenges facing the managers and planners of forest selection and prioritization of suitable locations for various uses. The purpose of this study was prioritized the appropriate places in the timber depot of the Lireh Sar basin of Mazandaran province.

For this purpose, the options were chosen with at least the requirements for timber depot. In the second step of the selection criteria were specified for timber landing. These criteria include: slope, stand type and the canopy density. In the third step weighting was performed criteria using the analytic hierarchy process and expert opinion. Finally, the rate of adjustment of regions of interest was prioritized.

The study measures the standing volume of forest stands adjacent to the depot highest weights (0/575) have been allocated. Among the 6 choice, choices 3 with a standing volume of 300- 400, crown density slope at the depot 50-25% and 10.5% were identified as the best option to construction landing.

The results of the weighting of the criteria showed the volume of the forest stands near the depot is the most important. Harvesting of forest stands with high volume requires the existence of wood depots and warehouses in the closest point to the forest stands.

Due to the high productivity of tomato in three districts of Shiraz, Marvdasht and Kazeroun, the development of processing industries is necessary to prevent waste and market balance. Suitability analysis for processing industries leads to establishment based on ecological criteria.

To evaluate the ecological capabilityfor sustainable development a special model for assessing ecological capabilities was prepared. After collecting economic and social criteria and weighting the criteria using ENTROPY, prioritization and ranking of cities was done with VIKOR. Then, by overlapping the appropriate economic, social and ecological suitable areas for industrial development, the final suitable was identified.

Marvdasht and Shiraz are in the first and second priority of the development of tomato processing industries. In prioritizing between sectors, Zarghan and Seydan districts and the central part of Marvdasht city are in the priority of developing processing industries. The results showed that is Kazeroon district doesn’t have overall capabilities for development of tomato processing industries.

Entropy weighting showed that among economic and social parameters, industrial proximity is the most important. The results show the efficiency of multi-criteria decision models in evaluating economic and social indicators along with evaluating ecological capabilites. The use of specific models suitable for each region that assess ecological capability along with economic and social characteristics can reduce the risks of long-term management and decision-making.

Hazardous waste management is one of the most important issues of today. Failure to pay attention to proper planning and management can cause surface, groundwater, soil and air pollution on a large scale. On the other hand, more attention to environmental criteria in national macro-planning has led to the creation of a scientific attitude to bury hazardous waste by selecting suitable landfills for these materials, which lack of attention and observance of scientific and biological principles have polluted water, soil, air and endangered the health of humans and other living organisms. The purpose of this study is to locate hazardous waste landfills using multi-criteria decision making and GIS methods.

 In this research, using the Delphi method to determine the criteria and ANP, TOPSIS and GIS software, a suitable place for landfilling in Lorestan province (for which no landfill has been considered so far) has been specified.

The area of the city of Azna, Aligudarz, Kuhdasht and Poldokhtar as the best place for special waste landfill in the province were introduced.

The results show that two TOPSIS and AHP in the GIS in locating many landfills is capable to perform that corresponded with research in other areas.

The uncontrolled increase in population and the subsequent increase in urbanization have led to an increase in the production of various types of waste in urban areas. Although landfilling is the last choice in municipal solid waste management, it is still a common method for municipal solid waste management in developing countries. Due to natural anaerobic processes, landfilling in landfills causes the production of biogas and leachate, the type and amount of each depend on the volume, humidity, and type of waste. Leachate production in landfills can lead to health hazards, damage to plants, groundwater pollution, and the release of unpleasant odors. The aim of this study was to accurately locate the municipal landfill in Naein County by combining socio-economic and environmental parameters and also estimating the amount of emitted gas to evaluate the potential for energy recycling.

In this study, the AHP model was used to weight the criteria and L Satty quantitative scale was used to grade the priorities. For selecting the best spatial locations for landfills, first the location of municipal landfills in Naein County was chosen using environmental parameters. The potential of the area for the intended uses was evaluated by the WLC method, then using the TOPSIS method, spatial locations were prioritized based on socio-economic parameters and then the best spatial location was selected. Finally, the amount of emitted gas from the landfill in two conditions with and without leachate recycling was also modeled to investigate the potential of the landfill for energy recycling.

The results of this study showed that all the proposed regions for constructing landfills include the pixels with more than 0.8 usefulness in weighted linear composition maps. In the final options prioritization map, nine locations were identified, and the most suitable spatial location with the highest percentage of desirability was determined as the best place for constructing a landfill. The selected spatial location had the closest possible distance to the three most populous cities of the county. This location was located 24 km away from Naein. Also, the capacity of this location was several times more than the need of Naein County in the next 60 years, which is about 85 hectares, and if additional lands are needed, it can be expanded to the northwest. For other towns and villages with relatively large populations that are relatively far from the selected landfill, temporary waste collection sites can also be designated until the waste is eventually transferred to the main landfill site. The selected landfill location was also located 2 km from the main road. The results showed that the total amount of estimated emitted gas in each trench with leachate recirculation was equal to 4204.3 tons and without leachate recirculation was equal to 4448.9 tons. This indicates that if the leachate recirculates system is used, the total amount of gas emitted from the landfill will be about 6% higher than without recirculation. However, considering the amount of annual production waste in Naein and the rate of population growth, it is better to take steps towards the maximum amount of recycling and composting and the least amount of landfill as much as possible.

In this study, the results of combining both types of criteria (environmental and socio-economic) have led to the determination of the most desirable spatial location, which in addition to complying with environmental criteria from an economic point of view had the lowest cost. Also, according to the current population, the population growth rate of Naein County and the annual production of waste, it can be concluded that material recycling and composting production are more economic than energy recycling and biogas production.

Nowadays, location surveys are very common in industrial development for all power plants. In these studies, different criteria are taken into account to select the best place to build a power plant. In the present research, in the first stage, a variety of power plants and their mode of operation were investigated. Then, in the next step, the effective parameters in the activity of the power plant, its location and its performance were determined and divided into three categories of environmental, technical, socio-economic and environmental constraints. In general, all criteria and sub-criteria were expressed in relation to the location of different types of power plants (heater, gas, combined cycle, nuclear, hydroelectric, pumped storage, waves, tidal, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, diesel and magneto-hydrodynamics). Finally, by specifying such criteria as: energy source of power plants, usability and availability of resources, costs, desirable or unfavorable effects on the human environment, and power generation capabilities, a summary of the characteristics of a power plant was identified.

Wastewater treatment plants are among the main infrastructures of a city that in addition to considering the topography of the community and the type of wastewater collection network, it is necessary to construct them in a suitable place by considering appropriate criteria. Due to odors and technical and hydraulic problems, it is essential to locate wastewater treatment plants accurately, using a suitable model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the suitability of land for the construction of wastewater treatment plant in the city of Kouhdasht (Lorestan province). For this purpose, three main criteria of geology, environment and economy and eight sub-criteria (percentage of slope, lithology, soil, distance from the settlement, road, river, distance from wells and springs, and land use) were used and assessed. Multi-criteria analysis model (MCA) in combination with GIS was used to weigh the sub-criteria. The results of this study showed that in the study area, three zones or areas in the south of Kouhdasht town are suitable for the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants. These areas correspond to low slope lands (0-7%) with rainfed agricultural use and had a maximum distance from the city of Kouhdasht and Azadbakht rural complex. Considering the forest use and irrigated agriculture in the north of the area and also the north-south slope in Kouhdasht, it can be said that the areas identified in this study for the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plant have the highest land suitability and are suitable for the purpose under consideration.

Limited fossil energy source and increase of energy demand is always pushed man to search for new energy sources as replacement. In this case the winds always have a special place in the new generation of energy sources. Semnan province with favourable topographical and relativity suitable situation is one of the best places for building a wind farm.

Therefore, in this research different criteria and sub criteria have been used to identify the suitable location for building wind farms in Semnan province, As the importance of information fusion, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were employed for weighting the layers and the Expert Choice software implemented for this purpose. The Arc GIS program has been used for special analyses and overlapping of layers. After the analysis of information, according to the capacity of building wind farms, province of Semnan has been divided to four parts of great, good, normal and weak.

At last, it is indicated that Geographic Information System as a Supportive Decision making system can be practical both in preparing of data and designing the priorities and giving expert's ideas dealing with different factors and also help the designers to select the proper location for the wind farms.

In this research, three regions have been determined, considering priority of overlaying and limitation of land and places, survey of priority area also considering the climate condition and personal observation have been determined that this places are Damghan, Nothwestern of Garmsar and and some part of eastern Shahroud.

Development of cities and increase in population growth, have been caused to produce the different municipal wastes.  Base on hazardous environmental effect of landfill, site selection for landfill should be done carefully and in a scientific process. The different parameters are involved in site selection of landfill that whichever have particular importance and case restriction in the selection. The goal of this study is choosing the most suitable site that has the least environmental adverse impacts. This study is done by using GIS software and Fuzzy model .At first, important factors in site selection for landfill were identified. Then , nineteen layers were digitized and weighted , such as: as soil characteristics , geological characteristics , surface water, depth of groundwater ,distance from urban centers , distance from fault, access roads , height floor , slope , vegetation coverage,... layers by using fuzzy model were combined and the best site for Rafsanjan landfill was selected . In this study, the suitable areas are located at the north and Northern-western of the city. The result of this paper indicate that using GIS software and fuzzy model in site selection offer this chance to the decision maker to insert more important subjects which have greater role in site selection . Therefore, using Fuzzy model is suitable for this kind of studies.

Numerous routing methods of public transportation systems have been designed. The main challenge of optimum routing of urban public transportation systems is defined as the determination of the optimal locations of the stations and the routh lengths in a city.

To address the challeng designers are confronted with a wide range of criteria, among which cost, time and coathing are the most important ones. In this paper, routing optimization for a configuration of 9 bus lines in one of the Tehran districts was implemented. In order to optimize the bus routes, the origin and destination of each line were considered fixed and the intermediate routes were optimized. Eight factors consisting of: road capacity (LOS), land use, pavement status, crossing line width, components of road cross sections, population density and length of each edge (Arc) were selected for optimization process. According to the importance of each factor for routing, a special weighting coefficient were assigned to each criteria. After implementating Dijkstra algorithm, the routes of 5 bus lines must be changed. The line direction changing subsequently caused to new stations allocation requirement.

After determining the allocation criteria and creating corresponding layers, 16 new stations were allocated. Finally, the proposed routes between these stations were identified.

One of the most important aspects of innovation in this study is the use of GIS capabilities to provide novel solutions for optimal routing of BRT lines.

In recent years, population growth, increasing vehicles, and industrial development have caused air pollution. One of the major disasters, creating significant problems for human and endangering their health is air pollution. The main objective of the present study was to select best sites for air pollution monitoring stations in zones 1 and 3 of Isfahan city using fuzzy technique and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Accurate monitoring of the air pollution condition requires accurate and appropriate dispersion of monitoring stations throughout the study area, so that the optimal locations of these stations can be selected using fuzzy and AHP methods. In the present study, considering the necessity of determining the location of air pollution monitoring stations, the best sites for these stations were selected based on important criteria such as distance from market, recreation areas, parks, parking areas and existing stations using fuzzy and AHP methods. The results showed that Fuzzy-AHP method was flexible and accurate method to determine the appropriate areas for air pollutant monitoring stations.

The problem of population growth, changing people''''''''s eating habits, as well as the problem of waste disposal of and management have increased the volume of waste generated in residential centers. Today, how to dispose of, landfill site selection, and properly management of waste landfill, along with the lack of suitable land for this purpose, has become one of the environmental urban problems. Therefore, finding a suitable place for this purpose is one of the important goals of urban development projects to achieve sustainable development. Due to the lack of waste recycling equipment in Koohdasht town, the aim of this study was to find a suitable place for disposal of municipal waste with reference to the environmental considerations and sustainable development. For this purpose, a combined model of network analysis process (ANP) and linear weight combination (WLC) was used in ArcGIS 10.2 software considering 9 parameters: distance from the drainage network (river, waterway), fault, residential areas (city and village), communication lines, wells and springs, as well as geological layers, land use, height, and slope percentage. The results showed that the study area was divided into five classes in terms of fitness. In other words, 19% of the area under study was identified as suitable for municipal waste landfill. The zoning map also shows that fertile lands are designated as unsuitable areas, reflecting the accuracy of the model with terrestrial realities.

Decision making about location is considered as one of the most fundamental decisions of organizations that can play a major role in the organization's strategic orientation and profitability in the long term. This study aimed at providing a new model for locating gas stations. Criteria and factors affecting site selection of Qom Gas Company gas stations were based on Dimensions of Sustainable Development.

Researcher through literature review and interviews with experts of Gas Company and preparing a questionnaire to identify the factors taking into consideration the dimensions of sustainable development. In this study, two linear goal programming techniques to determine the weighting of criteria and fuzzy similarity methods for ranking alternatives are used.

Criteria were included the economic cost of construction, proximity to the high-pressure gas lines, easy access in times of crisis, to cross the boulevards of the station in the network, including the environmental dimension distance from residential areas due to noise pollution, pollution in the environment and the social dimension of the security station. In this study paired comparisons carried out by fuzzy goal programming. In addition, fuzzy based similarity technique as a new method of fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making, in order to rank the options used.

Discussion and Conclusion

According to the results of fuzzy similarity, A5 has been chosen as the best option.

Rapid and heterogeneous urban growth and also imbalance between urban environment and urbanism culture have caused many problems. Some of these problems that caused by occupations and urban industries affected on urban fabric, social stratification and citizen life directly and indirectly. In order to protect human health and urban environment all of the disturbing industries should be transmitted on suitable sites. In this regard, choosing the best site in the urban landscape is a very important issue. Indeed, this study is done to select suitable site for Azna nuisance industries. 

In this research, after standardizing the layers and preparing the constraint maps, the weighted linear composition method was used to combine them. In order to determine the most suitable area, the competency approach of land areas was used and all patches with values higher than 200 and further than 5 hectares were identified. Finally, 15 zones were obtained, which were prioritized using mathematical programming and 5 factors of distance from the city center, road, nearest village, area of zones and average value of competencies.

The results showed that the 10th and 2nd patches are most suitable site to establish urban nuisance industries respectively.

Overall, it can be concluded that simply determining the appropriate zones is not enough to transfer industries, but determining the best zone and also prioritizing other zones is of special importance that can help managers in choosing the most appropriate zone.

Today, site selection is an important and necessary issue for construction and demolition wastes management in population fast-growing regions. Therefore, the main purpose of this research that was sponsored by Karaj municipality is landfill site selection for CDW in Karaj city with geographic information system (GIS) and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) method. At first, by studying literature review, the criteria and sub-criteria necessary for site selection were identified. Four criteria and sixteen sub-criteria were selected by Delphi method. Weighting of criteria and sub-criteria was done by AHP method and expert choice software. All of the sub-criteria were mapped, standardized and overlaid in Arc GIS and IDRISI software environment by weighted linear combination (WLC) method. Finally, four alternatives (A1-A4) with a total area of 9700 hectares (4.7% of the total area of Karaj) have the the highest suitability, for CDW landfill in Karaj. These alternatives were ranked with TOPSIS method as A2>A4>A3>A4.