جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "پرندگان آبزی" در نشریات گروه "محیط زیست"

Amir-Kelayeh international wetland is as one of the important wintering habitats for birds. In present study, the density and diversity of bird species (waterbird, wader and terrestrial bird dependent to the wetland) has been studied in Amir-Kelayeh international wetland based on the semi-winter birds census data, over a 10-year statistical period. During this ten-year period, the total number of 334776 birds from 46 different birds species was recorded in this wetland. Among the studied years, the highest number of 72188 birds in 2008 and the lowest number of 1877 birds in 2015 have been counted. In terms of quality and food items, this wetland and it's around paddy fields is a good refuge for the Anatidae and Rallidae family that with 64.86 and 50.06 percent of frequency depending on their diet, have the most abundant among the identified family. The biodiversity indexes showed a relatively high amounts, but with a declining trend, and also the index of species evenness indicated a stable trend during this 10-year period in Amir-Kelayeh Wetland. Considering the decreasing trend of biodiversity indexes in Amir-Kelayeh wetland in recent years, increasing the wetland ecological conservation through the management plans such as habitat structure conservation, and illegal hunting and pollution control is recommended.

Bakhtegan wetland including Kamjan, Tashk and Bakhtegan are the most important aquatic habitats of waterbirds in the inland of Iran that in recent years, the severe decline in water level and habitat changes have reduced the quality and quantity of habitat for waterbirds. In this study, the trends of biodiversity changes are studied based on the values of waterbird species diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener & Simpson), Species richness indices (Margalef & Minhinick) and species evenness indices (Pielou & Simpson) using the SDR-IV software in the 31 years' period (2018-1998) including two ten-years and one 11-years' time frames.Moreover, the area of alive wetland in the migration season of waterbirds by calculated using the Landsat satellite imagery collected on November to December. Comparison of diversity indices using ANOVA (analysis of variance) at three time intervals showed that there is no significant difference between species diversity indices and Pielou species evenness index (F2,28 = Shannon-Wiener 2.082, Simpson 0.995, Pielou 2.132, P>0.05). The lowest values of the Margalef index were found in the period of 2009–2009 that were significantly different with other previous decade but there was no significantly differences with periods of 1988–1998. The highest value of the richness index of Minhinick and Simpson E were found in the periods of 2009–2019 and were significantly different with previous decades (p < 0.05). The highest of area of alive wetland in the 1990s and the lowest was in 2001 and in the last decade. It seems that fluctuation of water level and decreasing the alive area of Bakhtegan basin wetlands are the most important factors in the changing the values of waterbird diversity. Providing the environmental flow requirement, implementation of comprehensive wetland management programs and establishment of integrated ecosystem management system are the most important strategies for restoring the waterbird biodiversity of the studied wetlands.

Rofaie Wetland is located near the Hor-al-Azim wetland and acts as the vindicator of waterbirds of the Hor-al-Azim wetland in the unsuitable conditions of the wetland. Therefore, the population trend, diversity and richness of waterbirds of the Rofaie wetland were investigated in the autumn and winter of 2008. The count of waterbirds was done using the Total Count method. This method is recommended for counting waterbirds in wetlands around the world by Wetland International. Diversity, richness, and density of waterbirds in the Rofaie wetland were measured using Simpson, Shannon-Weinner, Menhinink and Camargo biological indicators. During the 6 month study, 2127 individuals of birds were identified from 10 waterbird species and 5 families in Rofaie wetland. The most dominant species of the birds in the autumn and winter of 2008 were Phalacrocorax pygmeus (745 individuals), the highest number of waterbirds in December (823 individuals) and the lowest number in the month of October (11 individuals). The highest number of waterbird species was observed in Dec., Jan. and Mar. (6 species), and the lowest in October and November (2 species). The Simpson and Shannon-Weinner diversity indexes were D = -0.783 and H2 = 2.418, respectively, and Simpson and Camargo species uniformity was 0.460, 0.433, and also Margalf diversity was 1.174. The Manhinnik and Simpson domains in the autumn and winter were 0.21, 0.212, respectively. Rofaie wetland as a supporter of aquatic migratory waterbirds of the Hor-alAzim wetland plays an important role in protecting their generations.

Rofaie Wetland is located near the Hor-al-Azim wetland and acts as the vindicator of waterbirds of the Hor-al-Azim wetland in the unsuitable conditions of the wetland. Therefore, the population trend, diversity and richness of waterbirds of the Rofaie wetland were investigated in the autumn and winter of 2008. The count of waterbirds was done using the Total Count method. This method is recommended for counting waterbirds in wetlands around the world by Wetland International. Diversity, richness, and density of waterbirds in the Rofaie wetland were measured using Simpson, Shannon-Weinner, Menhinink and Camargo biological indicators. During the 6 month study, 2127 individuals of birds were identified from 10 waterbird species and 5 families in Rofaie wetland. The most dominant species of the birds in the autumn and winter of 2008 were Phalacrocorax pygmeus (745 individuals), the highest number of waterbirds in December (823 individuals) and the lowest number in the month of October (11 individuals). The highest number of waterbird species was observed in Dec., Jan. and Mar. (6 species), and the lowest in October and November (2 species). The Simpson and Shannon-Weinner diversity indexes were D = -0.783 and H2 = 2.418, respectively, and Simpson and Camargo species uniformity was 0.460, 0.433, and also Margalf diversity was 1.174. The Manhinnik and Simpson domains in the autumn and winter were 0.21, 0.212, respectively. Rofaie wetland as a supporter of aquatic migratory waterbirds of the Hor-alAzim wetland plays an important role in protecting their generations.

This study was carried out to investigate the waterbird community parameters, such as abundance and diversity indices at Hormozgan province eastern wetlands in 2015. In order to perform this study, bird observations at 22 wetland sites were conducted and categorized using direct observation and totally count method by binocular and bird watching telescopes. Furthermore, species diversity, evenness and richness indices were calculated using the Shannon-Wiener’s H, Simpson’s D,Margalef's D, Pielou J′, Brillouin (E), McIntosh (E), and Species Abundance (N)indices. A total of 44582 individuals representing 68 overwintering species from 17 families were recorded. The Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) and Dunlin (Calidris alpine) were the most abundant species with 20.71 and 11.13% individual observation, respectively. The results of observations showed that the estuaries of Tyab and Meydani hosts the largest number of waterbirds overwintering with 15.26 and 13.66% totally observations, respectively. The highest species diversity were observed in the Mudflats of Bandar Abbas (3.07) and Surgalm (3.03), while Jask Bay (1.64) and Behel coast (1.3) had the lowest number of species diversity. Moreover, the highest species richness were obtained at Khour-e-Namaki (5.44) and Mudflats of Bandar Abbas (5.19). While, the lowest species richness were obtained at Nakhl-e-Ebrahimi (1.49) and Abd-Sedij coast (1.42). Surveys show that the use of both habitats including mudflats and mangrove forest, plays an important role for bird habitat selection. In terms of total species diversity of wetland areas in the east of Hormozgan province, Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and Margalef indices were calculated to be 3.12, 13.20 and 6.26, respectively. Moreover, for total species evenness, Pielou, Brillouin and McIntosh indices were calculated 0.74, 0.74 and 0.82, respectively. At the end, the study showed that due to the importance of eastern wetlands of Hormozgan province for wintering of waterbirds, wise development strategy seem to be inevitable.

Wetlands as complex ecosystems are under threat, destruction and degradation and researching on wetlands are a critical part of management and conservation actions. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty on wetlands for conservation in the entire world that emphasizes wise use of wetlands and their resources to maintain and protect waterfowl habitats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the birds criteria of Aq Qaleh wetland to introduce to the Ramsar Convention in the north west of Iran. The data that were analyzed were obtained during field work in 2010-2013. Result show that the Aq Qaleh wetland has condition according to 2, 3, and 4 criteria of the Ramsar Convention. 93 species of the bird of Iran have been recorded, and 26 species of these birds have international and national cooperation for protection. 21 threatened or endangered species, 15 species of 1, 2, and 3 appendices of the CITES treaty, and 4 species of the IUCN Red List have been identified. Result of birds counting in the wetland illustrate that more than 20000 birds were been in the Aq Qaleh wetland during summer of 2013. Our data suggest that the Aq Qaleh have criteria of the Ramsar Convention, thus with studying other criteria, the Aq Qaleh and Suldoze wetlands together could be introduce to the Ramsar Convention to improve its conservation situation.

Sanaye Foolad wetland is one of the largest and most important semi-artificial wetlands in Khuzestan province that in terms of habitat of fish, water birds and waders is too valuable and according to the importance and special ecological values of water birds in wetland fields, awareness of changes related to the population of different species of birds, has basic role in management of these kind of areas. Therefore, the present study is done to identify and compare the density and diversity of water birds and waders come out in the second half of 2008.In this research, birds were counted monthly from October to March 2008 and according to "total count" method which is the recommended method of WI. In this wetland 13 species of water birds and waders from 7 families were identified during 6 month period of the research. Results that are achieved from frequency of bird families in Dalov tynas wetland shows that in fall, Rallidae (33.98%) and in winter Recurvirostridae (36.78%) have had the maximum frequency. In the other hand, results obtained using biodiversity index shows that October in terms of Shanon-Winer &S impson diversity (2.657, 0.829), October and November in terms of Menhinx & margalf species richness (1.604, 0.527) and February in terms of Karmago and Simpson evenness index (0.892, 0.0817) possess the most biodiversity of water birds and waders during the research period.

Shadegan Wetland as a permanent Salty, Brackish and Freshwater is highly important for protection of resident and migratory bird,s species.This wetland acts as drinking water supply reservoir, breeding habitat, feeding ground for the resident and migratory birds.This wetland provide a refuge and temporary resting site for passage migratory birds.Identification of the waterfowl species of this wetland began on 15th August 2000 and ended on 15th December 2001 in the seven stations.9 families with 26 species of waterfowl were identified.Laridae had the highest No. species (the most diverse)with 11 identified and Phalacrocoracidae the last No. of species with 1 identified.Winter season 2000, had the highest No.(46%) and Shannon diversity (=2/41) of waterfowl species and Autumn 2001 had the least No.(3%) and Shannon diversity (=0/3) of waterfowl.