جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « wetland » در نشریات گروه « فنی و مهندسی »

This article deals with floating solar photovoltaic power plants on wetlands and examines their environmental challenges and economic benefits for local communities. Due to the world's move towards renewable energy due to the negative effects of fossil fuels, FPV systems are presented as a suitable solution for areas with land constraints. FPV technology involves floating solar panels on water with a cooling effect, increasing productivity and reducing land use. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of implementing FPV on wetlands, including reduced water evaporation and algal growth, along with challenges such as equipment corrosion and impact on aquatic ecosystems. In addition, the current study examines the economic implications for local communities and emphasizes job creation, skills development and economic stimulation through local industries and services. Despite the environmental concerns of the plan, such as disruption of aquatic habitats and possible loss of biodiversity, strategic planning and necessary actions can address these issues. This paper emphasizes the benefits of FPV systems in promoting clean energy and supporting local economies, and suggests the need for further research to optimize their integration into sensitive wetland ecosystems. At the end, a case study was carried out on the Maharlu wetland of Fars province for the proposed idea that with only 8.33% of the total area of ​​the Maharlu wetland, a floating solar power plant with a nominal capacity of 10.03 MW can be set up.

Extensive exploitation of water resources for agricultural purposes has led to a lack of environmental water supply, weakening, destruction and disappearance of aquatic ecosystems, especially wetlands. In this study, Amirkalayeh International Wetland was selected as a case study, and a comprehensive scenario-based method was used to determine its environmental water needs. The holistic model developed in this research includes biophysical, socio-economic, scenario development, and integration sections.In the biophysical and socio-economic sectors, a comprehensive evaluation of all physicochemical, ecological, biological, economic, and socio-economic indicators was performed, and finally, water withdrawal from the wetland for agricultural purposes was selected as a socio-economic index and Sheng animal species as an ecological index. In the scenario development section, scenarios were determined to maintain the habitat suitability for the selected index in terms of minimum, optimum conditions in comparison with the current condition for wetland stakeholders. Finally, in the integration section, the environmental water requirement of Amirkalayeh Wetland to supply the required water for the selected indicators was determined based on the targeted scenarios in the first and second half of the water year. The results showed that the amount of environmental water volume in Amirkalayeh wetland in the first and second half of the water year in optimum condition was equal to 7.25 and 6.74 million cubic meters, respectively. Furthermore, the minimum environmental water demand of Amirkalayeh wetland for the whole water year was obtained as much as 5.36 million cubic meters.

Wetlands are valuable ecosystems that provide services to support the life of stakeholders. These ecosystems should be protected against the widespread degradation because of human and climate change. Monitoring and restoration of wetlands need information from all ecological parameters. But providing these information is complicated because of the vast area and complexity of land cover in wetlands. In this paper the Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data were applied to map the land cover of Hamoun-e-Hirmand in 4 dates include 3 images in flooded period and 1image in dry condition. The radar backscatter of land-cover classes was investigated. Then the Support vector machine classification method was applied to classify the images. The results of this paper show the ability of radar date to map the flooded vegetation classes. Also, it shows the ability of these images to study the dry plants when the water resource dries out. The results of this paper are applicable in monitoring of wetlands and providing the data for ecosystem management and conservation.

Wetlands are one of the important natural habitat across the world and have a lot of benefits especially for energy circulation in the environment. In this aqua habitat, animals and plants are dependent to each other and because of their ecological role the life can be continued at this ecosystem. To conserve environmental and socio-economic values of wetlands, determining their ecological water requirement is of vital importance. The international Anzali wetland, which has been enrolled at the Ramsar convention, was selected as the case study in this research and its environmental water requirement was determined through using a combined hydrologic- ecological method. In this method, historical hydrologic condition of rivers entering the wetland and the Caspian Sea surface level as the prominent and influential factors on the hydrologic condition of the wetland were analyzed and considering the most important ecological functions for the wetland the key index was selected. The relationship between the wetland’s depth-water surface level and the ecological condition of the selected index across the different parts of the wetland and during the past years were investigated. Based on the achieved results, the ecological level and the pertinent volume of the wetland at the two minimum and optimum conditions were determined.

Environmental problems suffering from fossil fuels,trying to find alternative human energy supply and the presence of huge amount of energy in wastewater, considers sewage as an economicallyviableand environmentally-friendly optionsource of energy.Also, wastewater treatment in a localized manner consults reuse of water in the water cycle, but a recovery of wastewater and the return of water to the water cycle requires lots of energy.Using microbial fuel cells as a solution to this path is considerable andwastewater treatment, using these types of fuel cells, would make it possible to generate the energy required by the system.

Among the most important natural phenomena of the earth are wetlands that form in certain circumstances. Formation of wetlands is related to topographical, geological and geomorphological factors as well as hydrological and climatic characteristics of the regions. In Eastern Azerbaijan, there are numerous wetlands, a significant number of which are located in Hashtrood region. The most important wetlands in this region include Zulbyn, Yanyq, Bzvjyq, Khorshid,Sadtlv and QrkhBolakh. Topography and lithology (evaporation formation) are among the effective factors in shaping the wetlands. At present all wetlands except Zvalbyn and Sadtlv are filled with water throughout the year. Morphologic studies shows that the largest wetland is Bzvjyq with 100,000 square meters area and the smallest wetland is Sadtlv (10,000 square meters). Results indicated that there is an inverse relationship between pond area and the drainage basin area. Compactness coefficient indicated that maximum coefficient is related to Yanyq and Khorshid wetlands which is indicative of the extent of their basins. This is important in terms of maintaining water in wetlands.

Lake Urmia basin is one of Iran’s basins. In the last few years, due to natural and human factors, the lake's water level has declined and its surface area has reduced. As a result, the coastline and the surrounding area have undergone considerable changes. In eastern Azarbayjan province as in other areas of Iran, there are several wetlands few of which are located in south and eastern south. The main objective of this paper was to study morphological changes of wetlands. So, the lake level changes were investigated using Landsat satellite images (including TM and ETM sensors) for the years 2000 and 2010, and the lake's water level fluctuations were determined. Next, geomorphologic effects of the area, especially wetlands and their changes, were investigated based on satellite imagery. The results showed that the studied lake area has shrunk for more than 10 square kilometers, which have subsequently been added to the playas. The wetland areas in the region have significantly shrank and two lagoons (GareGeshlag and Yadegarloo) have dried up. The results also showed that this reduction had a great effect on the morphology of the region, especially on the reduction of the wetlands.

Bamdej Wetland is located 40 km north of Ahwaz, with area of 4000 hectares. Bamdej Wetland is a natural wetland with great ecological, scientific outing and economical value which in case it can be preserved and revived will raise all values as a self regulating collection.First, the ranges of studies were identified ,and four sampling stations were selected. The were sampled randomly. During experiments BOD5, COD, nitrates, phosphates, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, temperature, DO, salinity, TSS and TDS were measured. Then, the results of water quality system are exmind. Ecological evaluation study area was performed using fusion rapid assessment and TOPSIS. In this way resources were based to 13 groups include: the extent of the wetland, vegetation around the wetland, the width of buffer, soil status, connecting with other water sources, depth of wetland, source of water supply, time of wetness, normal disturbances, habitat development, type of wetland cover, and biodiversity of plants. Comparing the annual quality indicator of each station with a table of water quality index indicate that the station 3 is belong to the third group and station 1, 2 and 4, belong to fourth group classification system of water quality indicator. Finally, Bamdej Wetland earned 59 points of 85 possible points of rapid evaluation method. This expression that wetland desirable conservation value is (grade 2). TOPSIS method was used for analys some important ecological factors of Bamdej Wetland. The results confirm that wetness time of Bamdej Wetlands weighing of 1.483 is the most important criteria of its value.