جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "آبخیزنشینان" در نشریات گروه "کشاورزی"

Watershed management is one of the most efficient methods of sustainable land management. In the current research, was evaluated the economic and social effectiveness of implementing watershed projects in the Gelevard sub-basin, Nekarud watershed, Neka city. The statistical population of this research included 2775 households and the sample size was 280 household heads. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The results showed that the effectiveness of watershed management measures in preventing the reduction of flood damage and the level of satisfaction with the mechanical and biomechanical operations implemented in the study area have the highest priorities in terms of average rank. Correlation coefficients (R2= 0.60, P-value= 0.01) examination showed a high correlation between the implementation of watershed management operations and creating incentives for the residents of the village to stay in the village and reducing migration from the village. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference (Chi-square-1.32, P-value=0.72) between the effect of watershed management activities on improving people's living conditions in relation to the way of participation and the type of participation of the respondents in executive measures. Summarizing the results of this research showed that watershed management activities in this watershed improved people’s living conditions, increased the motivation of village residents to stay in the village, and reduced migration.

Today, new patterns of planning at the watershed level have found a valuable place in order to implement collaborative projects. Planning in watersheds with the participation and partnering of regional stakeholders in the process of preparing and implementing plans can be an effective step in increasing the sustainability of the region. Collaborative approaches must be fully aligned with the knowledge, experiences, values, and interests of the various stakeholders. This study is planned with the aim of taking advantage of the perceptions and approaches of the residents of the Mohammad Abad Ganbaki watershed, Kerman, in order to find optimal strategies for the management of the watershed. For this reason, in the upcoming study, it shows the importance and necessity of SWOT analysis to combine the preferences of stakeholders in the decision-making process. For this purpose, the current study has been carried out in three stages, listing the internal (strengths-weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats), preparing the assessment matrix of internal (IFE) and external (EFE) factors, and preparing the quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM). The results showed that the production pole of citrus fruits and dates in the country with a weight of 0.444, the existence of dust centers in the region with a weight of 0.198, the potential of electricity generation from the Nessa Dam with a weight of 0.384 and a one-dimensional economy based on date production with a weight of 0.247 are the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. The high potential of the region in creating early productive commercial workshops according to the existing conditions through the possibility of raising honey bees with the presence of citrus fruits, the possibility of reviving handicrafts, increasing agricultural production and medicinal plants, creating a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation and fish farming, the possibility of reviving the animal husbandry industry, providing date and citrus packing and processing centers are the most important strategy in the field of providing a job market for young people, reducing economic poverty and migration of residents.

Most watershed management projects are designed and implemented with the aim of controlling soil erosion and floods, reducing their destructive consequences. Therefore, evaluating their impact is one of the most essential and important prerequisites for success. The present study evaluated the of the effect of earth dam construction on gully erosion control from the perspective of watershed residents in Mazayjan Zarrinudasht watershed located in the south of Fars Province. A questionnaire consisting of 32 questions from a range of 5 Likert options was prepared, and filled with a face-to-face interview with 200 watershed residents. Responses were analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics (gender and occupation) by SPSS software (version 16). Findings showed that 38.3% of women, 32.7% of men, and 47.3% of farmers with land believed that the construction of earth dam has improved the region and the living conditions. 59.6% of women, 60.8% of men and 69.1% of farmers with land had a positive evaluation of the effect of earth dam construction on gully erosion control. 59.5% of women, 60.1% of men and 69.1% of farmers with land had the highest percentages of agreeing to similar activities in the region. It is suggested that considering the positive view and tangible experience of the watershed residents of this region in the effectiveness of the construction of the earth dam, serious efforts be made to promote, plan, implement, operate and maintain watershed management projects.

Watershed management plans are being implemented to maintain water resources as huge resources of the country and in accordance with the development of watersheds and achieving sustainable development. The most successful watershed management plans are those plans that have been able to coordinate the watershed objectives and the needs of the people. Basically, programs that are not popularly supported do not have the capability and enforceability Participation, co-operation and informed and responsible presence of residents of watersheds in promoting different programs and affairs can ensure the sustainable management of watersheds. Current research project was accomplished in order to investigate and understand the residents' willingness to participate in watershed management and its influential factors, as well as to identify areas for attracting the participation of watershed residents in appropriate watershed management activities using appropriate participatory tools and techniques, in the Ben watershed in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. The research was conducted in a field observation and answer to questionnaire by the residents of the catchment area. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software. Based on the results, the participation of watersheds is directly related to the adaptation of watershed management activities to the needs of villagers and their knowledge about the benefits of watershed management projects .

Implementation of watershed management projects without the participation of people has not been very successful. Therefore, prioritizing indices and sub-indicators affecting their poor participation is an important step in managing of watersheds and it can lead to taking measures to eliminate barriers to participation and maximum participation of stakeholder in planning. Therefore, in this research the priority of investigation of stakeholders in prioritizing factors affecting their poor participation in watershed management projects in Morad Abad watershed in Meymand, west of Fars province so after completing 72 questionnaires from the head of the household using T test and Friedman nonparametric test were done. The results showed that from the views of stakeholder, the indicators such as "economic", "educational-extensional", "design-executive" and "social" were the maximum and minimum priorities of poor participation of stakeholders in watershed projects in this watershed. Also, the most important sub-indicators on poor participation of stakeholders in watershed projects in this watershed are "low income residents of the watershed," "lack of local power in implementing projects (job creation)", "ignoring income for stakeholders as a direct incentive to implement of watershed management projects ", and" low level of literacy and awareness". Accordingly, the range of average ratings varies from 6.93 to 10.25, so that the sub-indicator "low income residents of the basin" with an average rating of 10.25 has the highest relative priority and "late watershed project efficiency" with an average of 6.93 had the least relative priority in poor participation of stakeholders in watershed projects in this watershed.

Paying attention to stakeholder participation and identifying affecting factors on nonparticipation of rural communities and eliminating its implementation barriers in watershed management projects enable the potential of intellectual, executive, supervisory and indigenous knowledge of stakeholders in different stages of studies, implementation, evaluation and maintenance. This will reduce costs, guarantee success and make projects more effective. In order to achieve this goal in this study, affecting factors on nonparticipation of rural communities in watershed management plans were prioritized from the viewpoint of stakeholders by analyzing four indices and twelve sub-indices with Likert spectrum in Gheshlagh watershed located in the north of Fars province. The frequency and relative abundance of indices and sub-indices were determined in SPSS software (version 23) and the t-test was used to determine their significance. Then, the relationship between each index and its sub-index was determined using correlation coefficients and Friedman nonparametric test was used to prioritize the effective indexes and sub-index. The results showed that in the prioritization of indicators from the stakeholder point of view, "educational-promotion", "economic", "social", and "design-executive" indices were the effective factors, respectively and in subprioritization of sub-categories "lack of training of basin residents on related plans and objectives" and "ethnic and local differences", had the highest and lowest priority in nonparticipation in watershed planning, respectively. In order to sustainable participation of rural communities in watershed management projects, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive program of training and solve the "economic" problems of stakeholders and promotion of practical actions.

Due to the involvement of the human and natural phenomenon ecosystem management is basically difficult and complex matter, so management with systemic approach is necessary. This management must be comprehensive, cause resources sustainability and improve economic and social situation of watersheds stakeholders. Due to the complex and mutual interaction of watershed residents with natural resources, the social and economic status improvement of these communities can be effective factor in improving the status of natural resource. Hence, the present study tries to present the strategies to improve the economic and social status of Fars watershed residents using network analysis and Super Decision software. The Statistics community of this research was PhD students and professors of promoting and management desert areas department, Agricultural College, Shiraz University. Measuring instruments of research was direct interviews and questionnaires, finally 30 questionnaires were filled by experts. The results showed that “the government support in order to establish manufacturing unit, not only rural agriculture” is the first priority with the score of 0.281. After that the factor of “providing gas, electricity and roads to small rural areas” was the second priority with score of 0.249. Also, improving public health services has the least effect on socio-economic status of villagers between selected factors.