جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شاخص توسعه انسانی » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

During periods of high economic growth, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions increase sharply and governments inevitably increase health care costs. The aim of the present study is to investigate the bidirectional relationship between health care costs, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and human development index (HDI) in a member country of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization for the period 2000-2020, using a panel vector autoregression model. The results showed that the largest share is due to the impulse of health care costs related to itself, and the largest share is due to the impulse of CO2 emissions and human development index related to research and development costs. The results of the causal relationships showed that there is a one-way causal relationship between health care costs and CO2 emissions, indicating that CO2 emissions significantly increase health care costs for SCO countries. In addition, health care expenditures and HDI also show a positive two-way relationship, as these two variables reinforce each other. There is a two-way causal relationship between CO2 emissions and HDI, which indicates that high CO2 emissions significantly affect the human development of Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries. In this regard, it is suggested that measures such as adopting sustainable development policies, developing clean technologies, educating and improving people's awareness, developing human capital and international cooperation in the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should be adopted to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Population growth, followed by rising water and food consumption, as well as disruptions such as the disparity of population distribution patterns with the distribution of time and place of water, have caused water-security access to Iran in crisis. 

This paper is the first to accurately calculate the Poverty Index for Iran over the period from 1989 to 2015. In this paper, a new model called the Water Multiplier Evaluation System with the Disaster Theory approach is used to calculate the water poverty index. For the first time using the censored regression econometric model, the effect of economic factors affecting the water poverty index during the period of 1989-2015 has been evaluated.

The results of calculating the water poverty index indicate the upward trend of this indicator and its components. The results of estimating the coefficients of the sensed regression model indicate that population growth, GDP, human development index and added value of the agricultural sector have worsened the water poverty index in Iran

In other words, the current and past trends of the human development index, GDP growth, population growth, increased agricultural production, insecurity and rising water poverty in Iran are inevitable.

Economic infrastructural development and human development planning will be more efficient in national development if regional gap is determined and resolved. Manpower is a main factor for advancing goals and macro economic and social policies at the national and regional levels. In this study, villages of provinces in Iran were classified through a Pheatmap chart in the period of 2000-2013. The results showed that the villages were divided into the three main groups in terms of the economic infrastructure index and into the two main groups in terms of the human development index; in addition, the villages of Sistan and Baluchistan province had a different situation from all the villages of other provinces. Crucial regional challenges in development process can be reduced by identifying and determining the factors to reduce regional gaps.