جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "qualitative losses" در نشریات گروه "کشاورزی"

Rice is one of the most important summer crops that is harvested in recent years by combine harvesters with different mechanisms. In this study, the amount of quantitative and qualitative losses of Champa cultivar in Ramhormoz city was evaluated by different combines. This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with the method of split plots. The main plots were the crop moisture at harvest time included three levels: 19-21 percent (M1), 21-23 percent (M2) and 23-53 percent (M3) and the secondary plots were the combine types included four levels: cereal combine, with raspbar thresher (C1), cereal combine, with spike type thresher (C2), rice combine, World model, with spike type thresher (C3) and rice combine, Chery model, with spike type thresher (C4).The results showed that quantitative and qualitative losses related to moisture were significant. In terms of moisture the lowest and highest total quantitative losses obtained in M2 with 3.60 percent and in M1 with 3.87 percent, respectively; and the lowest and highest total qualitative losses obtained in M3 with 1.37 percent, and in M1 with 3.01 percent, respectively. Also, all the different components of quantitative losses, except for the head section, as well as the various components of qualitative losses related to the type of combine were significant. In terms of total quantitative losses, the lowest and highest values were belonged to C3 with 2.97 percent and C1 with 4.83 percent, respectively, and in terms of qualitative total losses, the lowest and highest values were belonged to C4 with 1.32 percent and C1 with 3.99 percent, respectively.

Attaching a side-mounted furrower diggers makes it possible to use a rear-mounted machines for digging onion bulbs in broadcast planted farms, avoiding wheeling damages. For this purpose, two types of onion diggers, with and without sifting mechanism have been developed. To compare these machines from technical and economical point of view, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design in Faridan region of Isfahan province, Iran. Results showed that the rod type digger due to inconsistent working depth causes the product weight loss of 2.32%, which is non economical. The product weight losses were 0.15% and 0.16% in blade type digger and sieve chain type digger, respectively, which are negligible compared to that of rod digger. The required labour force for collecting the crop dug by blade type digger was 15% higher than that of chain type digger. The higher labour force in this machine was due to more time and accuracy needed for collecting of bulbs. The 15% saving in labour cost in chain type digger obtained in exchange with a higher purchase price which was three fold compared to that of blade type digger. The economical breakeven points for chain type digger and blade type digger were 5.27 and 1.76 hectares, respectively. In general, the chain type digger proved to be more recommendable for larger farms if high power tractors were available. However, the blade type digger with lower price, simple structure and lower maintenance cost can be a more appropriate option for small farm holders.