جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « cluster analysis » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد کشاورزی »

The present study was conducted to study genetic diversity in 26 rice genotypes (lRRl heat tolerant collection) in 2016 in Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications including 24 lines and 2 hybrids as the first factor and drought stress with PEG 6000 in 5 levels of zero (control), -0.3, -1.8, -3.3 and -4.8 Bar were performed as the second factor. The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between drought levels, genotypes and their interaction in all traits at a probability level of one percent. The lowest indices of germination and seedling growth were observed at the level of -4.8 Bar. The highest positive and significant correlation (r = 0.90**) was obtained between shoot length and seedling length. In principal component analysis, the four first components accounted for 85% of the total diversity. Cluster analysis with Ward method included genotypes in three clusters. In the first cluster of lines 48, 15, 35, 44, 42, 20, 19, 5, 28, 10, 16, 4, 2, 55, 53, 31, 34, 36 and HB2 hybrid, in the second cluster of lines 25 and 23 and hybrid HB1 and in the third cluster were lines 40, 13, 41 and 21. According to the results of mean of comparison, biplot and cluster analysis of the second cluster genotypes in terms of germination rate, shoot length, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, seedling Dry/wet weight ratio, seed vigor index are higher than the total average and therefore tolerate to drought. The selected genotypes can be considered in advancing breeding programs in the development of new rice cultivars with greater tolerance to drought stress.

Tomatoes have many varieties that differ in traits of plant growth, quality and shape of the fruit and other traits. In order to investigate the morphological variation of some tomato cultivars in Khash region, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications and ten cultivars including Orabana, Red Claude, Red Top, Red Jerez, Western Red, Sunsild, Rio Grande, Delba F1, Tivi F1 and blankets Pride. At the end of the experiment traits such as number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit diameter, final yield, biomass, harvest index, fruit juice volume, fruit dry weight, total soluble solids, acidity and vitamin C were evaluated as agronomic traits. Were affected. At the end of the experiment, after multiple analyzes, it was found that Tivi F1 and Delba F1 hybrids and Orabana had the highest yield and were suitable for cultivation in Khash region. Also, cluster analysis showed that among the 10 varieties of 3 varieties in group A, 5 varieties in group B and 2 in group C were placed. This grouping showed that genetic diversity followed a significant pattern, because cultivars with better and more closely related conditions under conditions were similar in the same groups. Based on stepwise regression results, the number of fruits per plant justified 63.09% of the fruit yield per plant changes. After fruit number per plant, average fruit weight and number of days to flowering had the greatest effect on fruit yield per plant.

In order to investigate the adaptation of native rice genotypes to Mazandaran climatic conditions, an experiment was conducted with 30 rice genotypes in a randomized complete block design with four replications in in two regions of Mazandaran province (Amol Rice Research Institute and Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources) during 2016-2017. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the locations of experiment only in terms of panicle length and number of filled and unfilled grains per panicle, while there was a significant difference among genotypes and genotype × environment interaction for all studied traits. Results of correlation coefficients of the traits showed that panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle and number of fertile tillers per hill had a positive and significant correlation with grain yield. For the 30 genotypes studied, three clusters were found that the third cluster genotypes, including Gardeh and Zire Bandpey with higher grain yield in the two studied regions showed more adaptation to Mazandaran climatic conditions.

In order to investigate drought tolerance of maize hybrids, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the research field of Payame Noor University (PNU) of Kermanshah in 2013. The main factor included drought stress (stress and normal condition) and sub factor including nine corn hybrids. The results of analysis of variance indicate the different reaction of the hybrids studied for grain yield and the ability to select hybrids based on yield. Comparison of numerical values ​​and rank of each hybrid based on grain yield based on grain tolerance index showed that hybrids number one, three, seven and eight were identified as drought tolerant hybrids.Results of correlation analysis showed that MP, GMP, STI, HAR, K1, K2, SSPI and YI had positive and significant correlations with Yp and Ys.They are suitable for choosing high yield hybrids in both conditions. Gabriel's bi-plot drawing was performed based on the analysis of the main components. Based on this breakdown, the first two components justify about 98 percent of the variance. The results showed that the studied hybrids were located in two groups of high yield potential and weak potential, so that hybrids number one, three, seven and eight were placed in the vicinity of drought stress tolerance vectors as superior hybrids. The cluster analysis, based on the superior indices of the studied hybrids grouped the hybrids into two clusters that are similar to the Gabriel bi-plot.

Aerobic rice is a new type of rice adapted to aerobic soil. This study was conducted to evaluate aerobic rice utilizes multivariate statistical techniques in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Shavoor Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center in 2014. In this experiment, yield and yield components of 9 aerobic lines plus Danial cv. were examined. Results showed that there was significant difference in 1% probability level between lines the trait of the number of primary branches, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, plant height, panicle fertility percent, 1000 grain weight and days to heading. The narrow sense heritability of 18% in yield to 49% in panicle fertility percent was variable. There was a positive and significant correlation between grain yield with panicle weight, number of grains per panicle and panicle fertility percent. Cluster analysis basis ward’s method stated that IR81025-B-347-3 was in a group and other aerobic lines with Daniel in the other group. Aerobic line IR81025-B-347-3 with having the highest number of primary branches, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, panicle weight, panicle fertility percent and grain yield and located in the desirable area biplot as the best lines in terms of morphological traits in aerobic soil conditions and intermittent irrigation was identified as high-performing of line for further research.

Sustainable development of agricultural sector requires appropriate strategies based on the realities. Defining, measuring and analyzing the productivity indices of the strategic wheat product will help to understand the real differences in productivity in the provinces and make the suitable decisions for their economic development. In this paper, the partial productivity indices for measuring the productive efficiency of the sources of wheat production such as water, manpower, resources used in the land preparation stages, planting, and harvesting and total productivity of the production factors are defined. The annual productivity indices are measured for different provinces of Iran between 2006 and 2011. The multiplicity of productivity indicators for different provinces makes it difficult to analyze them. To reduce the number of indicators, the exploratory factor analysis approach is used and a productivity number is calculated for each province. Finally, the clustering approach is used for classifying the provinces based on their similarities in productivity. The results showed that Ardebil and Kermanshah provinces are similar based on partial manpower productivity index and total productivity factor. Mazandaran, Ilam and Hormozgan provinces have the highest water productivity.

This study aims to determine the level of agricultural development in counties of Kurdistan province using 31 key indicators relate to agriculture sector. For data analysis, TOPSIS technique and cluster analysis are used. Also, GIS software is used for spatial showing of development level. The results indicate that Marivan and kamyaran with scores 0.491 and 0.475 respectively have highest degree of development and Sarouabad and Beneh with scores 0.340 and 0.343 respectively are at the lowest level of agricultural development. In general, the results of this study show an unbalanced development in counties of Kurdistan province in agricultural sector. Therefore paying attention to the balanced distribution of development in the agricultural sector with emphasis on the investigated indicators in this research is proposed.

In order to study alfalfa genotypes from tolerance to salinity via multivative statistical methods, an experiment was conducted on 20 alfalfa genotypes in 5 salinity levels (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 mM) with NaCl as factorial form under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications in green house located in Andimeshk city. The experiment was performed in pots containing 1:2 sand-agriculture soils and irrigated by water for 45 day after planting. Then salinity treatments was done and after 14 days characteristics were measured. The results of analysis of variance showed that salinity stress, genotypes and their interaction were significant for all of traits (P<0.01). By increasing salinity, all traits were decreased except root/shoot length ratio. Genotype KFA1 had the highest number of leaf per plant, shoot length and plant length, KFA2 had the highest dry/wet weight ratio, KFA10 had the highest root length and root/shoot length ratio and Yazdi Garmsiri also had the highest wet and dry weight. The most significent and positive correlation were obtained between shoot length and plant length. The principal component analysis, studied 8 traits to be divided in 2 components. With attention to results of biplot and cluster analysis KFA1, KFA11, KFA14 and KFA15 with origin Gareh Younjeh; KFA4, KFA6 and KFA16 with origin Hamedani and genotype Bami Garmsiri were considered as the most tolerant group, KFA3 with origin Gareh Yonjeh; KFA5 and KFA17, with origin Hamedani; KFA7 with origin Rahnani; genotypes Nikshahri Garmsiri and Yazdi Garmsiri were considered as the most sensitive group and the other genotypes as semi-tolerant to salinity stress.

In order to study genetic variation and heritability in fifteen cultivars of red clover in climate conditions of Broujerd an experiment in based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under irrigated conditions in Agriculture Researches Center and National Resources of Broujerd in 2013-2014 cropping year was carried out. The measured traits were including of dry and wet forage yield in three cuts, plant height, digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage (%CP),Water soluble carbohydrates (%WSC), insoluble fiber in acid percentage, crude fiber percentage (%CF) and ash percentage (%AH) in two cuts and ratio leaf to stem and regrowth rate in one cut. The qualitative traits were measured by near infrared reflectance (NIR) technology. The results of analysis of variance were indicated that differences between cuts for all traits and genotype effect and interaction genotype × cut for all traits except plant height and ash percentage were significant. Compare means, Duncan method were showed Chamran, Renova, Shahrecord and Reszti cultivars with range between 52 to 56 t.ha-1 wet forage and range of 17.3 to 18.3 t.ha-1 dry forage in general three cuts had the highest forage yield. In among them Renova and Shahrechord cultivars had the highest plant height and ratio leaf to stem, but Charmahal had high mean for qualitative traits including digestibility and total ash and low mean for ADF and %CP. low In other words, it had higher forage yield and quality. In comparison between means of cuts, the highest and lowest forage yield related to 1 and 3 cuts, respectively. Simple coefficients of correlation among forage yield with plant height and digestibility was positive and with ratio leaf to stem and soluble carbohydrates in water was negative and significant. Coefficients of correlation between digestibility and protein percentage were positive and significant and these traits had negative and significant correlation with soluble carbohydrates in water, percentage crude fiber and ADF. Results of principal components analysis (PCA) for 15 genotypes in 11 traits showed three first principal components explained 72% from total variation. In the first component, wet forage yield, digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage and soluble carbohydrate in water explained the highest variation. In the second component, plant height, insoluble fiber in acid, crude fiber percentage, total ash percentage had the highest vector coefficients. In the third component, dry forage yield with ratio leaf to stem had negative correlation. In cluster analysis base on the ward's method 15 genotypes of red clover for 11 traits placed in three clusters. Shahrod and Renova Cultivars placed in cluster number 3, and had high forage yield and medium digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage and soluble carbohydrates in water. In contrast, cultivars placed in cluster number 2, had medium yield but better quality. Cultivars placed in cluster number 1 had lower values for quantitative and qualitative traits.

Given the close link between agriculture with other economic sectors, agricultural development can play an important role in the economic prosperity of countries. Protection policies are the most important economic strategies in the agricultural sector in the developing and developed countries. Bearing in mind the central role of agriculture in development of countries, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the percentage of support to producers (% PSE) and the indicators of development, including rates of production, value of production, imports and value of imported soybeans, soybean export volume and export value in order to provide a classification and cluster analysis, and to show the distance based on the these indicators between different countries. The statistical population in this study was the countries that were members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and those countries classified by FAO as the main soybean producing countries. Using cluster analysis based on proximity of the indicators the countries were grouped. The results showed that countries that had high soybean production such as America, Brazil and Argentina their income based on pro international dollars were higher where as producer support was not that high in these countries and were accordingly grouped in weak support category. In contrast, in countries such as South Korea and Japan with lower production, government support was higher and more efficient, this means that a greater percentage of the annual monetary value of gross transfers from government support to producers of soybean.

To determine the effect of water deficiency in different stage of two wheat cultivars; Chamran and Kavir، accompany with application of various elements such as potassium (K)، zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) on quantity and quality of yield. Two years field experiments was carried out as Completely Randomize Block under spilt - spilt plot design with three replicates، on loamy fine sand soil during 2001 until 2003 growth season at the Research Center Institute of Zabol which is located in the Eastern of Iran. In these experiments، treatments of irrigation involved; well -irrigation، stop - irrigation after pollination (1 - 10. 5، Fix scale) and stop- irrigation after milky stage of grain (5 -10. 5، Fix scale)، and fertilizer treatments included; nil fertilizer، copper sulphate (Cu So4) and zinc sulphate (ZnSo4)، potassium sulphate (K2 So4) as 0، 30، 40 and 150 kg per hater، respectively. All fertilizer is applied at sowing time as sub- plots. The results of this study highlight that the stopped- irrigation at pollination stage reduced significantly biological yield، grain yield production and harvest index. However، in this case Chamran produced high biological yield and grain yield than Kaiver. In addition، application of fertilizer has significant effect on grain yield. In this experiment، stopped-irrigation treatments had significant effect on، nitrogen (N) concentration of grain. Also، K، Zn، and Cu increased high concentration of N in grain، and Chamran varity accumulated high N in grain than Kaiver.

In order to determine، genetic variation for quantitative and morphological traits related to grain yield in ninety nine pure lines of barley derived from barley breeding programs in different field stations and one commercial cultivar (Nosrat) as check. This study was conducted using an alpha-lattice design with two replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII)، Karaj in 2007 - 2008 cropping season. The number of days to physiological maturity showed the highest (h2=100) and the grain yield (h2=60. 5) medium heritability، respectively. Genetic correlations between the traits were similar to phenotypic correlations and were commonly greater. Factor analysis for studied traits revealed three factors which justified 100 percent of the total variation. The first factor which was named yield factor was included number of grain per square meter، grain yield and grain filling rate. The second factor consisted number of spike per square meter، number of grain per spike and grain weight per spike. The third factor included grain filling rate، thousand grain weight، and spike length. Path analysis also detected the same results as the other analyses and indicated the importance of number of grain per square meter in increasing grain yield. Cluster analysis based on all traits، detected three groups and identified the lines that derived from a specific breeding program/location were not very different and distributed in all three groups.