جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sustainable development » در نشریات گروه « اکولوژی »

The present research aimed to study the effects of Trichoderma fungi on yield components, seed and oil yields of safflower, and select high-yielding genotypes to cultivate in saline soils around Urmia Lake.

Methods and Materials:

 An experiment was conducted as a split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the East Azarbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during the 2021-22. The experimental factors were Trichoderma fungi (Trichoderma harzianum) including control and seed treatments and the second factor included 14 safflower genotypes.

The effect of Trichoderma on plant height, panicula per plant, 1000-seeds weight, oil percent, seed and oil yields was significant. Among studied genotypes, significant differences were seen in mentioned traits. In fungi treatment and control conditions Padideh, L1, PI426521, PI537698, and PI537694 genotypes indicated higher seed and oil yields. They are located in the same cluster group according to the studied characters. The treatment of safflower seeds with Trichoderma fungi led to an increase in seed yields of the above-mentioned genotypes 645,677,575, 494, and 520 Kg h-1 respectively and they reached 3727, 3521, 3345, 3322, and 3164 Kg h-1 respectively. These increases in seed yield can have an effective role in the sustainable development of safflower cultivation in saline areas.

It seems that Padideh, L1, PI426521, PI537698, and PI537694 genotypes are suitable for cultivation in saline areas around Urmia Lake. The treatment of seeds with Trichoderma fungi significantly increased seed and oil yields of safflower genotypes.

Cultural heritage is the national wealth of the country, which does not belong only to the present generation, but must remain for future generations. Water supply has always been an important challenge for human societies. This challenge caused the local people to start building water storage and supply structures to supply their water needs, the pond was built as a solution to store water. The aim of the current research is to investigate the role of historical water structures in the sustainable development of tourism in Qeshm Island. In this research, using conventional or conventional qualitative content analysis method floors, sub-floors and sub-floors, the role of historical water storage and transfer structures in the sustainable development of tourism was explained with an emphasis on Qeshm Island. In the data collection process, techniques such as participatory observation, in-depth and unstructured interviews, and argumentative document studies were used. After analyzing the research data, focusing on the analysis of the factors affecting the role of the historical water structures of the pond in the sustainable development of Qeshm Island tourism, 3 floors, 8 sub-floors and 38 sub-floors were identified and explained. The classes include: "Economic Sustainability", "Social-Cultural Sustainability", and "Ecological (Environmental) Sustainability" and finally the main classes are explained based on the three principles of sustainable development and finally identified components and the role of historical structures. Water storage and water transfer were emphasized in the sustainable development of tourism.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social capital in the environmental protection of agricultural lands in dry areas. The statistical population of this research included all the farmers of Bavi County (Khuzestan province). A sample size of 390 people was selected for the study using a stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. The data collection tool is a questionnaire, the validity of which was determined based on the opinion of the faculty members of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, and its reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha. On the other hand, the Average Variance Extracted Index (AVE) was used to determine construct validity and the Composite Reliability Index (CR) was used to determine model reliability. The results of prioritizing the environmental protection of agricultural lands in dry areas showed that the two behaviors "use of plow at least to reduce soil erosion" and "use of organic and animal fertilizers in the field" were respectively of higher priority among farmers. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the dimensions of social capital (social norms, social awareness, social networks, social participation and social trust) have a significant effect on the environmental protection behavior of agricultural lands in arid regions, which were finally able to reach 73% To explain the variance of the dependent variables of the research, i.e. environmental protection of agricultural lands in dry areas. The findings of this research, while adding new knowledge to the literature on environmental issues in dry areas, can be useful in planning and policy-making to reduce environmental problems caused by the agricultural sector.

The lives of both human and non-human societies are greatly impacted by healthy watersheds today. Improving watershed conditions can improve the lives of dependent communities, in addition to preventing the waste of water and soil resources. To improve the conditions, it is necessary to evaluate the available resources and choose a suitable method to quantify the health of the watershed. The PSR conceptual model approach was used to evaluate the health of the Forg watershed of the Madan city in this research. The fog watershed's health was determined by determining various variables after visiting it and identifying its problems. Subsequently, these variables were measured. In order to eliminate correlation between different variables, the VIF test was used to determine and remove correlated variables before implementing the PSR conceptual model. At the end, according to the remaining variables, pressure indicators, condition, response, and health of the Forg watershed were determined. According to the watershed health assessment of Forg basin, the pressure index falls within the range of 0.44 to 0.79. The condition index is in the range of 0.49 to 0.80, the response index is in the range of 0.20 to 0.69 and the heat index is in the range varies from 0.45 to 0.69. The pressure, condition, and response indicators have average values of 0.61, 0.67, and 0.43, respectively, and are classified as healthy and average. With a value of 0.57, the total health index falls under the average health category. The results indicate that the fog watershed is in a healthy state. To maintain the current situation and improve its health and performance, it is necessary to take proper management and executive actions, taking into account the influencing variables in each subwatershed.

Today, new patterns of planning at the watershed level have found a valuable place in order to implement collaborative projects. Planning in watersheds with the participation and partnering of regional stakeholders in the process of preparing and implementing plans can be an effective step in increasing the sustainability of the region. Collaborative approaches must be fully aligned with the knowledge, experiences, values, and interests of the various stakeholders. This study is planned with the aim of taking advantage of the perceptions and approaches of the residents of the Mohammad Abad Ganbaki watershed, Kerman, in order to find optimal strategies for the management of the watershed. For this reason, in the upcoming study, it shows the importance and necessity of SWOT analysis to combine the preferences of stakeholders in the decision-making process. For this purpose, the current study has been carried out in three stages, listing the internal (strengths-weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats), preparing the assessment matrix of internal (IFE) and external (EFE) factors, and preparing the quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM). The results showed that the production pole of citrus fruits and dates in the country with a weight of 0.444, the existence of dust centers in the region with a weight of 0.198, the potential of electricity generation from the Nessa Dam with a weight of 0.384 and a one-dimensional economy based on date production with a weight of 0.247 are the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. The high potential of the region in creating early productive commercial workshops according to the existing conditions through the possibility of raising honey bees with the presence of citrus fruits, the possibility of reviving handicrafts, increasing agricultural production and medicinal plants, creating a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation and fish farming, the possibility of reviving the animal husbandry industry, providing date and citrus packing and processing centers are the most important strategy in the field of providing a job market for young people, reducing economic poverty and migration of residents.

one of the strategies for sustainable urban development, preservation and development of urban agriculture as one of the main patterns of ecological development and sustainability, which has been a key role in urban ecological balance as well as being a key role in the creation of food security and employment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological and economic effects of urban agriculture on the sustainability of the urban environment.This study investigated the ecological and economic impacts of urban agriculture on urban environment sustainability using library resources and preparing a questionnaire and analyzing it with Spss software and ENVI-met simulator software has also been used to evaluate the environmental performance of agriculture in the city. In this study, the city of Tabriz has been selected as one of the major cities in the country to study these changes and the changes of Tabriz urban green spaces during the past decades have been analyzed and studied. Landsat satellite imagery has been used to evaluate these changes.The study of the obtained results shows that with the expansion of the city to the surrounding area and mainly on the green spaces and gardens of the city, major changes have taken place in the amount of green spaces. The results of the study of both ecological and economic functions indicate that the ecological impact of agriculture improves environmental conditions, thereby increasing production, employment and improving food security of urban communities and improving the economic status of cities.

In addition to rich resources of fossil fuels, Iran has a lot of renewable energy potential. On the other hand, considering the climate diversity in the country and the natural conditions and potentials in different regions, instead of national planning, we should move towards regional energy planning and develop a regional renewable energy portfolio. In the present research, firstly, the potential measurement criteria of different types of renewable energy, including solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric and biomass, based on geographic information system maps and data received from the Meteorological Organization and SATBA, for 1361 latitudes and longitudes, has been scored. Then, using the Rapidminer software, the geographic points were divided into 5 clusters, each cluster includes areas of equal potential with the greatest similarity. Two of these 5 clusters are considered to be among the dry lands of the country. Then, based on the review of library resources and usage from the opinions of SATBA experts (Renewable Energy Research Group), a fuzzy inference model based on 5 sustainable development criteria including: access to technology, investment costs, capital productivity, employment rate, and environmental consequences along with design potential measurement criteria and based on the fuzzy rules defined on these criteria. The percentage share of each type of energy in the energy portfolio of each cluster was calculated. In the final step, based on demographic criteria including unemployment rate, population growth rate, acceptance culture (literacy rate), investment security, to prioritize clusters for strategic planning of the government and other influential institutions such as governorates, municipalities and chambers of commerce. For example, in cluster 4, includes some cities in the provinces of Isfahan, Khorasan, Yazd, Kermanshah, Fars, and Kohkiloyeh, which are classified as arid and semi-arid regions of the country according to the criteria of potential measurement and development criteria that has an energy portfolio with 25% share of wind energy, 39% share of solar energy, 10% share of hydroelectric energy and 26% share of biomass energy. Population growth and investment security are the first priority.

 Characteristics such as the high levels of agrobiodiversity, the efficiency of the nutrition, and also variety in ecological and socio-economic functions have altered home gardens into the appropriate model for achieving a sustainable agricultural system. So far, fewer studies in relation to these features have been done in home gardens of dry and semi-arid regions. Protection of diversity with a particular emphasis on agricultural biodiversity is fundamental to sustainable development in food production and hence food security. Expansion of industrial agriculture in the form of monoculture for the purpose of maximizing the yield with the aid of high-yielding varieties and intensive use of inputs has hampered the ecological functions of food production systems worldwide. This problem can be overcome by the application of a wide array of ecological agriculture practices, of which food production in home gardens is only one of them. This environmentally sound practice is an old system of land use almost in all parts of the world with a wide range of dimensions. A combination of different plants, from herbs to trees and in cases with poultry and other low-weight animals, provides a complex sustainable system of food production. This type of subsistence food production is based on local knowledge and normally is part of the residential area or, to the, low input. Food produced in this system is consumed locally, and women are the main element in both production and marketing. Exchanges of experience and knowledge, seed, and also tools, and labors are very common in neighboring communities. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the agrobiodiversity of home gardens in an arid environment of Khorasan Razavi Province.Materials and

Data collection for this study was based on the fieldwork with the distribution of questioners. For this purpose, 17 villages from 3 highly populated counties of Mashhad/ Quchan and Nyshabour were selected, and 164 questioners were distributed with a face-to-face procedure. After the collection and validation of data, only 136 questionnaires were selected, data were extracted, and finally, an analysis was carried out. Afterward, the Shannon biodiversity index, Simpson index, and species richness were calculated. The amount of carbon sequestered was also calculated by an equation referred to in the literature. For the calculation of biodiversity indices, the area under cultivation of each species was used. Based on the available previous studies, seven basic functions for home gardens were assigned.

Results showed the highest Shannon index of species diversity equal to 1.88 for the county of Neishabour; however, the highest functional diversity was found in Quchan. More the 79 percent of changes in the Shannon index are caused by changes in species richness. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that changes in species richness, home area, and household population were the factors that caused 84 percent of changes in functional diversity. Home gardens in these three counties sequester 8.1 tons of carbon dioxide per hectare, and this amount showed a decreasing trend where the distance from the vehicle roads was increased.

It was revealed that with taking distance from the main roads, the amount of carbon dioxide (kg per m2) decreased by tree species.AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the financial support of this project (grant number 2/19719) by the Vice President for Research and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

Wetland ecotourism is one of the main branches of the tourism industry that can play an important role in revitalizing villages, creating jobs and increasing income for villagers, protecting natural, historical and cultural heritage. Accordingly, the present study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 to identify the components affecting the local communities’ participation to develop the ecotourism in International Kani Barazan Wetland of Mahabad. The statistical population was the local communities of the villages around Kani Barazan wetland in Mahabad. They were 130 people that 97 of them were selected randomly with probability proportionate using the table of Krejcie and Morgan. The required data were collected via questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient was used to determine its reliability. The Cronbachchr('39')s alpha value for each section of the questionnaire was higher than 7.7. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed in both descriptive and inferential sections. In the descriptive section, the demographic characteristics of the studied individuals such as age, gender, education, etc. were studied. In the analytical section, mean comparison methods, t-test and multiple regression analysis were used. Based on the obtained results there was a significant difference (0.1) between men and women in terms of participation in tourism activities. Also, Findings from multiple regression analysis showed that variables such as local norms and culture, access to capital and efficient management, the most important components affecting the participation of local communities in the tourism industry development in international Kani Barazan wetland. Therefore, in formulating comprehensive plans for wetland management, such as the comprehensive tourism plan, these components should always have a special priority.