جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « issr » در نشریات گروه « بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی »

Yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus) is a native plant with ornamental and medicinal properties in horticulture science. 16 ecotypes of I. pseudacorus species were collected and classified into three populations based on geographical location in the current study. The genetic diversity of I. pseudacorus was assayed using 16 ISSR markers. Photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids, were measured by the spectrophotometry method. The primers generated 874 scalable bars ranging in size from 100-1200 bp. The polymorphism percentage of all primers was 100%. The primers ISSR_55 produced the most bands (234 bands in total), the highest marker index, and the highest amount of polymorphic information content (PIC). Primer ISSR-13 is in second place with a total PIC of 0.84. Also, the data obtained from the scoring tapes were analyzed by parsing the original coordinates. The analysis results showed that the first, second, and third components contained 29.88%, 21.24%, and 16.52% of the information, respectively. The results showed that genetic diversity within populations (97%) is more significant than diversity among populations (3%). The spectrophotometry results showed photosynthetic pigments obtained in the Q (Jouybar) location with the highest sunlight. Our results indicated that ISSR markers revealed the genetic relationships of Yellow flag samples for different agro-ecological adaptations. ISSR is a superb molecular tool to research the genetic variability of I. pseudacorus.

Buxus hyrcana is one of the endangered and evergreen species of the Hyrcanian forests in Iran. The genetic diversity assessment is an essential step towards the conservation of this species. High-quality DNA is required for molecular markers analysis; therefore, we compared different DNA extraction methods on leaf samples of B. hyrcana. The quantity and quality of the extracted DNAs were evaluated by spectrophotometry and gel electrophoresis. Also, ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeats) markers were applied on the extracted DNAs to compare their quality for PCR amplification. Results showed that quantity, quality, and PCR efficiency and reproducibility were different for DNA extracted using different methods. The quality of the DNA at the absorbance A260/A280 ratio ranged from 1.02 to 1.97. The highest concentration of DNA measured by spectrophotometry belonged to the Cota-Sanchez extraction protocol (695.3 ng/ml) and the lowest value was obtained with Edward4 method (204.7 ng/ml). The modified Onate method (Onate2) was extracted the highest DNA concentration by comparison of brightness against the DNA ladder. Among the different extraction methods, the good quality and quantity were obtained in extracted DNA for Doyle and Doyle, Cota-Sánchez and modified Onate protocols; the latter method (Onate2) created both good quality and quantity of extracted DNA and operated effectively in terms of cost and time. Onate2 had the best amplification results with ISSR primers.

There is no doubt that use of hybridization programs in the quinoa plant genotypes to induce genetic variation is difficult, however introducing the variations through mutation, to obtain promising genotypes, is much easier. In this research, quinoa seeds (Chipaya cv.) exposed to different doses of gamma rays and were cultivated in pots and open field under salinity stress. The results showed distinct differences at all studied traits in the native and mutant plants. Gamma ray’s irradiation caused genetic variations that was categorized based on studied traits, tolerance indices, cluster analysis of protein and ISSR data, which led to obtaining two promising mutations during M2. It should be noted that 90 and 120 Gy revealed the highest effects in producing desirable genetic variations. Also, the data resulting from the evaluation of phenotypic traits and tolerance indices of plants were confirmed by the biochemical and molecular analysis results. This research is providing new insights of using molecular breeding program for quinoa improvement to produce new promising genotypes powerfully face environmental stress and potential aid in future food shortage disasters.

Dog Rose is one of the most important species in Rosaceae family used as a medicinal plant and a rootstock for ornamental roses. This species is native to Iran, therefore, identification of indigenous genotypes of this species is important for genetic preservation or breeding purposes. Genetic diversity estimation of plant materials is one of the important pre-breeding activities in breeding crops. In this study, genetic variation of 23 genotypes of R. canina was investigated using fifteen ISSR markers. The genotypes were collected from three regions of Ardabil province (Namin, Nir and Khalkhal). The results showed that all primers generated clear and consistent polymorphic bands (77% polymorphism) but, ISSR-15 revealed a high numbers of polymorphic bands and was superior to other markers. Also, the ISSR-15 produced the highest number of polymorphic bands with seven scorable bands, while the UBC-823 and UBC-825 markers had the least number of bands (3 bands). The clustering pattern of genotypes was related to geographic regions. The genotypes from Khalkhal region were separated from other genotypes (Nir and Namin genotypes) in cluster analysis. The results of the current study indicated that the ISSR markers separated genotypes based on geographic region. The best way to select parents is to use genotypes with high genetic distances. Therefore, we determined the genetic distance among genotypes. According to the results, ISSR is an efficient marker system that can provide excellent information among R. canina genotypes. Finally, the obtained results indicated that the R. canina genotypes investigated in this research have a wide genetic diversity.

Production of genetically and phenotypically stable plantlets is the main purpose in commercial strawberry tissue culture. In this study, different tissues of Fragaria ananassa cv. Camarosa including stipule, apical meristem, leaf and petiole were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) (0.5, 1, 2, 3 mg/L) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.1 and 0.5 mg/L). For apical meristem explants, the best regeneration rate (7.6 shoots per each explant) was obtained in the medium containing 1 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA. Whereas stipule explants showed the highest regeneration rate in the medium containing 2 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA. For leaf and petiole explants, the medium containing 2 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L IBA had the best hormonal combination. To determine the genetic variation, micropropagated plants from different tissue (after 8 subcultures) were analyzed by the inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular marker. Among the 18 pre-selected primers, 10 displayed clear, reproducible and informative bands. A total of 88 distinct bands with a polymorphic rate of 46% were produced in the molecular profile of different explants. The highest and the lowest similarity values to maternal plants belonged to stipule and petiole explants with a similarity index of 0.738 and 0.645, respectively. Vitroplants derived from stipule and apical meristem showed the highest genetic stability with respect to maternal plants. With respect to genetic stability and regeneration rate, apical meristem can be recommended as suitable explants with the highest genetic fidelity. The findings of this study could be applied for commercial scale multiplication of strawberry, and also demonstrate that ISSR markers are eligible for detection of somaclonal variations.