جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "apiaceae" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

Ferula pseudalliacea is a perennial and monocarpic plant species belonging to Apiace-ae family. This species is distributed from Middle Asia to Northern Europe. The main secondary me-tabolites present in Ferula genus comprise coumarins, sesquiterpene coumarins and di-sesquiterpene coumarins. Based on phytochemicals present in this plant species, it has been extensively utilized by local people in traditional medicine for long time. Phenylpropanoid pathway is mainly responsible for biosynthesis of these valuable phytochemicals. Cynamate-4-hydrolxylase (C4H) is one of the main and key enzyme in phenylpropanoid pathway. To date, there is no genomic or transcriptomic information in Ferula pseudalliacea and as the first report, we aimed to clone and sequence C4H and its expression analysis in root, stem, leaf, inflorescence and immature seed in this valuable medicinal plant species.

Different organs of F. pseudalliacea were collected from Gazne village near Sanandaj city in June 2019. RNA was extracted from collected organs using LiCl method. cDNA was synthesized using Yekta Tajihz Azmia kit in 20 µl reactions. PCR products amplified with pri-mer designed from conserved regions of C4H among apiaceous species and it was then cloned within pTG19. The verified recombinant plasmid were send for Applied Biosystem company for sequenc-ing. To confirm and asses the expression of C4H, both Real-Time PCR and semi-quantitative PCR were employed. The phylogenetic tree of C4H was obtained using Omega software based on the Neighbor-Joining method with bootstrap 1000 for amino acid sequence.

The obtained sequences from C4H clones was aligned and verified using BlastX. In the re-sulted dendrogram, C4H sequence from F. pseudalliacea was grouped with C4H gene from other species within Apiaceae family showing their clos relationship. The highest sequence identity was observed with C4H from Daucus carota which was fallen in same cluster with C4H from F. pseudal-liacea. It is shown that C4H has 7 motifs one of this motifs belongs to conserved motif cytochrome-cysteine 450 with FGVGRRSCPG sequence.

As the seconf most important gene in phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, C4H plays an undeniable role in production of phenolic phytochemicals in particular in inflorescence which had the highest C4H expression rate. Studies performed on the C4H expression in other spe-cies revealed a specific action of C4H in biosynthesis of special secondary metabolites in specific tis-sue. As the phenolic compounds encompass a diverse range of secondary metabolites in forms of volatile and extracts, further investigations are needed to understand the exact role of C4H enzyme. Moreover, the identified gene sequence can be sued in production of recombinant constituents in other species which have the corresponding precursors.

Salinity is one of the main abiotic stress limits plant growth and production by changing ionic and osmotic balance. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of osmotic pretreatment on germination indices of celery seeds under salinity stress as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Osmotic pre-treatment factors were: osmotic solution (1%) of KNo3, KCl, CaCl2 and CaSO4 and control (without pre-treatment) and salinity factor at four levels including concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mmol NaCl. Seed germination rate, seed germination percentage, radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule dry weight, Kutowski-coefficient, salinity tolerance index, allometric coefficient and seed vigor index were measured. Results showed that under normal conditions, osmotic pretreatment had no positive effect on germination percentage and germination rate. Germination indices significantly decreased with increasing salinity stress, so that no germination observed in the 150 mM salinity treatment. The positive effect of osmotic pre-treatments on seed germination indices was significant. In non-stress conditions, calcium chloride treatment increased salinity resistance by 100% and in 50 mM stress by 150%, but at 100 mM salinity, potassium nitrate had a better effect than other treatments. There was a positive and significant correlation between all germination indices. In general, under salinity stress pretreatment of celery seeds can be used as a beneficial solution.

Salinity is one of the main abiotic stress limits plant growth and production by changing ionic and osmotic balance. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of osmotic pretreatment on germination indices of celery seeds under salinity stress as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Osmotic pre-treatment factors were: osmotic solution (1%) of KNo3, KCl, CaCl2 and CaSO4 and control (without pre-treatment) and salinity factor at four levels including concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mmol NaCl. Seed germination rate, seed germination percentage, radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule dry weight, Kutowski-coefficient, salinity tolerance index, allometric coefficient and seed vigor index were measured. Results showed that under normal conditions, osmotic pretreatment had no positive effect on germination percentage and germination rate. Germination indices significantly decreased with increasing salinity stress, so that no germination observed in the 150 mM salinity treatment. The positive effect of osmotic pre-treatments on seed germination indices was significant. In non-stress conditions, calcium chloride treatment increased salinity resistance by 100% and in 50 mM stress by 150%, but at 100 mM salinity, potassium nitrate had a better effect than other treatments. There was a positive and significant correlation between all germination indices. In general, under salinity stress pretreatment of celery seeds can be used as a beneficial solution

Weeds are one of the most important factors that affect and reduce the yield of crops. Hedge parsley produces two shapes of seeds, fluffy and non-fluffy, of their germination behavior little information is available. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seed position, burial depth, thermal shock and seed polymorphism on germination percentage of hedge parsley.

The experiments were conducted based on factorial experiment in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications at campus of agriculture and natural resources during years 2016-2017. In the first experiment, the factors included seed position (high, middle and low plants), temperature (20 and 25 C°) and seed shape (fluffy and non-fluffy). In the second experiment, the factors were thermal shock (100, 150 and 200 C°), burial depth (0, 2 and 4 cm) and seed shape (fluffy and non-fluffy).

In the first experiment, with increasing temperature from 20 to 25 C° germination percentage decreased and at 20 C° the highest germination percentage (73.33%) was observed. Seed shape also affected seed germination percentages. In the second experiment, the burial depth had a positive effect on seed germination and with increasing burial depth, seed germination percentage increased. Interaction of thermal shock and burial depth showed that increasing burial depth and temperature increased the percentage of germination (57.14%). In both shapes of seeds, germination percentage increased with increasing burial depth and the highest germination percentage was observed in the maximum burial depth (4 cm).

The results of this study showed that this weed is capable of germination in a wide range of environmental conditions. Germination percentage of hedge parsley increased with increasing burial depth. The optimum temperature for seed germination of hedge parsley is 20 C°. Seed shape was affected on seed germination percentage of hedge parsley.

In order to study the effect of osmotic pretreatment on seed germination indices of Anison medicinal plant under salinity stress, an experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Medicinal Plants Laboratory of Shahid Bakeri Higher Education Center, Myandab, in 2017. Pre-treatment factor consisted of three levels: control, calcium chloride and potassium chloride with 1.5% concentration and salinity factor contained four levels of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl. Results showed that salinity stress reduced germination indices and early vegetative growth and consequently decreased height, fresh and dry weight of seedlings. Mean of each traits at 150 mM salinity without pretreatment was 80-86% lower than non-stress. However, pre-treatment of seed under salinity reduced the negative effects of salinity stress on germination indices by 25-38% than non-stress. Calcium chloride pre-treatment in all traits except seed vigor index had more effect than potassium chloride in decreasing growth and germination indices. In general, pre-treatment of Anisone seeds can be used as a low cost and beneficial approach in saline stress conditions.