جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "somatic embryogenesis" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a triploid and sterile plant which is propagated by culture of corms. Somatic embryogenesis in in vitro conditions could be used efficiently in saffron improvement. In this study the pathway of initiation، growth and development of somatic embryogenesis in saffron was studied in ABRII at 2008. At first، the suitable conditions for embryogenesis using apical and axillary corm buds cultured on MS medium containing different levels of 2،4-D and BAP hormones in factorial design based on CRD was tested and optimized. The highest amount of embryogenesis was observed in medium containing 2 mg/l 2،4-D and 1 mg/l BAP. For histological study of embryogenesis، sampling from cultured tissues at various growth stages was done. Study of the prepared slides showed two distinct types of cell in callus tissues. One normal cells with unclear cytoplasm and the other type of cells with relatively dense cytoplasm and thin cell walls (meristematic cells) that after sequential divisions produced a mass of embryonic cells. These cells were appeared on callus surface which in later stages of growth and maturation، produced buds and microcorms.

In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) transformation, for regenerating plants from a single cell, an optimized tissue culture system is necessary. Successful production of transgenic cotton depends on regenerating of many plants; therefore, somatic embryogenesis was investigated for three cotton cultivars. Hypocotyls of cvs. Sahel, Varamin and Coker 312 were isolated and placed on two cotton callus induction media containing MSB medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.1 mg/l kinetin, 0.75 g/l MgCl2; and MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l Kinetin and 0.2 mg/l IBA. In medium containing 2,4-D and Kinetin, Sahel and Coker312 explants produced callus earlier than Varamin and the volume of calli were larger, too. The percentage of callus production for Sahel cultivar was higher than Varamin. For embryogenesis induction and maturation of embryos, produced calli were transferred onto MSB medium supplemented with 0.75 g/l MgCl2 and 1.9 g/l KNo3. Numbers of embryogenic calli for Coker312 were higher than Sahel. Germination of somatic embryos for Coker312 and Sahel on embryo germination medium containing MSB supplemented with 0.1 mg/l Zeatin and 2 g/l activated charcoal were earlier than Varamin. Percentage of somatic embryos produced from Coker 312 was higher than Sahel. For rooting, there were no significant differences among cotton cultivars and five rooting media.